Pratica di Shadowing: Alcohol abuse. | British Council-Learn English. - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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Hello and welcome to this Learn English Professionals recording, brought to you by the British Council.
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Alcohol abuse.
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Thanks for coming along to the studio today, Damien.
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We're going to talk about alcohol, and more to the point, alcohol abuse, what we've come to know as binge drinking.
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Yes, thanks for inviting me, Anne.
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We keep hearing about cases of binge drinking in the newspapers, on television, in magazines and on radio chat shows like this one.
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But what exactly is binge drinking?
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What does the term mean?
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Is there a difference between binge drinking and just plain old getting drunk?
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Well, the British Medical Association states that there is no consensus on the definition of binge drinking.
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In the past, we used the term binge drinking to refer to an extended period of time—a couple of days,
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for example—when a person would continue to drink alcohol to such an extent that he or she would abandon their usual activities,
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such as work, or, in the case of younger drinkers, classes.
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In medical terms, we usually agree that binge drinking refers to the thresholds that we have for holding our drink.
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Ah.
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But isn't binge drinking all about drinking lots of alcohol in a short space of time?
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And don't we usually think of young people when we hear the term used?
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People who shouldn't really be drinking alcohol in the first place.
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Well, you are right about the first point.
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In common usage, probably because of all the recent media coverage,
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binge drinking has come to mean a heavy bout of drinking in just one evening, or a similar time span.
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Another factor is the intention.
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The intention?
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Yes.
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The fact that binge drinkers actually set out to get drunk.
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That's their goal, what they're trying to do.
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Binge drinkers aren't usually solitary drinkers.
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They drink in groups, sometimes very large groups, especially in the case of teenagers.
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And binge drinkers are getting younger and younger, if you believe what you read in the press.
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So, let's get this clear.
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Large groups of kids get together with the sole intention of getting drunk?
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In a nutshell, yes.
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Ah.
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And is binge drinking a particularly British problem?
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Surely young people drink in other countries too?
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Yes, you're right.
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Lots of countries have problems with youngsters drinking.
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But it does seem as though the UK is taking a particular interest in the problem.
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Let's say that here, In Britain, we see binge drinking as a huge social problem.
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In other countries, it's perceived as less of a problem.
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And should we be worried?
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Is it a problem?
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Well, that depends.
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I certainly think so, yes.
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In 2003, the cost of binge drinking was estimated as £20 billion.
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The figure will have risen considerably since then, I'm sure.
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In 2005, the government released figures from the Health Service
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that suggested that a million accident and emergency admissions each year are a direct result of alcohol consumption.
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And the emergency services report that Friday and Saturday nights they can hardly cope with the demand for attention.
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So why are the British so notorious when it comes to binge drinking?
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Are we worse than other European countries?
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The culture of drinking in the UK is very different from other countries like France, Spain or Italy.
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In most mainland European countries, children grow up seeing alcohol consumed slowly, a drop of wine with a meal,
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the odd beer on a sunny afternoon.
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In the UK, we go out to the pubs and up until recently, the pubs all closed at 11 on the dot.
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So, what happens?
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Well, you drink as fast as you can, so that by the time eleven comes around you aren't left feeling like another drink.
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Do you think we are used to seeing people drunk in Britain, or do we still get shocked?
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It depends, really.
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But being drunk isn't socially acceptable in most European countries, whereas in the UK, well,
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in some social circles quite the reverse is true.
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I'm afraid that's all we have time for.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione di livello B2 si basa sul video “Alcohol abuse”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: drinking, binge, alcohol, countries, drink. Questo video contiene 62 frasi e 676 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 4:33. Chi parla mantiene un ritmo costante di circa 149 parole al minuto, comodo per lo shadowing. Il 86% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese; conviene studiare le altre prima di iniziare. 15 delle sue 62 frasi sono domande: un buon esercizio per l’intonazione interrogativa e le risposte brevi.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
Le 14 parole più avanzate del video, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| binge sostantivo | /bɪnd͡ʒ/ | bisboccia, sregolatezza |
| depend verbo | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | dipendere |
| nutshell sostantivo | /ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/ | guscio di noce |
| perceive verbo | /pɚˈsiv/ | percepire |
| notorious aggettivo | /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/ | famigerato |
| consume verbo | /kənˈsum/ | consumare |
| mainland sostantivo | /ˈmeɪnlənd/ | continente |
| considerably avverbio | /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/ | considerevolmente, notevolmente |
| abandon verbo | /əˈbæn.dən/ | abbandonare |
| threshold sostantivo | /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/ | soglia |
| bout sostantivo | /ˈbaʊt/ | attacco |
| sunny aggettivo | /ˈsʌni/ | soleggiato, soleggiata |
| teenager sostantivo | /ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/ | giovane, adolescente |
| consensus sostantivo | /kənˈsɛnsəs/ | consenso |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| come around verbo | /kʌ.məˈɹaʊnd/ | ripensarsi, tornare in sé |
| grow up verbo | crescere |
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | we've come · has come · have risen |
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | was estimated · aren't left |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 12 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come aren't, I'm, isn't. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: nutshell /ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/, socially /ˈsoʊʃəli/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: solitary /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/, notorious /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: binge /bɪnd͡ʒ/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, perceive /pɚˈsiv/, notorious /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/, mainland /ˈmeɪnlənd/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Fai shadowing frase per frase a velocità normale, ripetendo ognuna finché il tuo ritmo coincide con quello di chi parla.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come binge, depend, nutshell.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.