Prática de Shadowing: Alcohol abuse. | British Council-Learn English. - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Hello and welcome to this Learn English Professionals recording, brought to you by the British Council.
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Alcohol abuse.
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Thanks for coming along to the studio today, Damien.
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We're going to talk about alcohol, and more to the point, alcohol abuse, what we've come to know as binge drinking.
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Yes, thanks for inviting me, Anne.
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We keep hearing about cases of binge drinking in the newspapers, on television, in magazines and on radio chat shows like this one.
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But what exactly is binge drinking?
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What does the term mean?
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Is there a difference between binge drinking and just plain old getting drunk?
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Well, the British Medical Association states that there is no consensus on the definition of binge drinking.
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In the past, we used the term binge drinking to refer to an extended period of time—a couple of days,
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for example—when a person would continue to drink alcohol to such an extent that he or she would abandon their usual activities,
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such as work, or, in the case of younger drinkers, classes.
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In medical terms, we usually agree that binge drinking refers to the thresholds that we have for holding our drink.
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Ah.
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But isn't binge drinking all about drinking lots of alcohol in a short space of time?
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And don't we usually think of young people when we hear the term used?
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People who shouldn't really be drinking alcohol in the first place.
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Well, you are right about the first point.
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In common usage, probably because of all the recent media coverage,
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binge drinking has come to mean a heavy bout of drinking in just one evening, or a similar time span.
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Another factor is the intention.
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The intention?
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Yes.
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The fact that binge drinkers actually set out to get drunk.
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That's their goal, what they're trying to do.
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Binge drinkers aren't usually solitary drinkers.
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They drink in groups, sometimes very large groups, especially in the case of teenagers.
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And binge drinkers are getting younger and younger, if you believe what you read in the press.
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So, let's get this clear.
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Large groups of kids get together with the sole intention of getting drunk?
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In a nutshell, yes.
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Ah.
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And is binge drinking a particularly British problem?
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Surely young people drink in other countries too?
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Yes, you're right.
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Lots of countries have problems with youngsters drinking.
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But it does seem as though the UK is taking a particular interest in the problem.
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Let's say that here, In Britain, we see binge drinking as a huge social problem.
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In other countries, it's perceived as less of a problem.
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And should we be worried?
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Is it a problem?
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Well, that depends.
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I certainly think so, yes.
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In 2003, the cost of binge drinking was estimated as £20 billion.
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The figure will have risen considerably since then, I'm sure.
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In 2005, the government released figures from the Health Service
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that suggested that a million accident and emergency admissions each year are a direct result of alcohol consumption.
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And the emergency services report that Friday and Saturday nights they can hardly cope with the demand for attention.
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So why are the British so notorious when it comes to binge drinking?
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Are we worse than other European countries?
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The culture of drinking in the UK is very different from other countries like France, Spain or Italy.
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In most mainland European countries, children grow up seeing alcohol consumed slowly, a drop of wine with a meal,
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the odd beer on a sunny afternoon.
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In the UK, we go out to the pubs and up until recently, the pubs all closed at 11 on the dot.
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So, what happens?
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Well, you drink as fast as you can, so that by the time eleven comes around you aren't left feeling like another drink.
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Do you think we are used to seeing people drunk in Britain, or do we still get shocked?
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It depends, really.
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But being drunk isn't socially acceptable in most European countries, whereas in the UK, well,
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in some social circles quite the reverse is true.
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I'm afraid that's all we have time for.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B2 usa o vídeo “Alcohol abuse”. As palavras que mais se repetem: drinking, binge, alcohol, countries, drink. Este vídeo tem 62 frases e 676 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 4:33. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 149 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. 86% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar. 15 das 62 frases são perguntas, por isso é um bom treino para a entonação de perguntas e respostas curtas.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| binge substantivo | /bɪnd͡ʒ/ | compulsão |
| drinker substantivo | /ˈdɹɪŋkɚ/ | bebedor, bebedora |
| depend verbo | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | depender |
| nutshell substantivo | /ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/ | casca de noz |
| youngster substantivo | /ˈjʌŋstɚ/ | jovem |
| perceive verbo | /pɚˈsiv/ | perceber, entender |
| solitary adjetivo | /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/ | solitário, só |
| notorious adjetivo | /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/ | notório, famigerado |
| consume verbo | /kənˈsum/ | consumir |
| mainland substantivo | /ˈmeɪnlənd/ | continente |
| socially advérbio | /ˈsoʊʃəli/ | socialmente |
| considerably advérbio | /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/ | consideravelmente |
| abandon verbo | /əˈbæn.dən/ | abandonar, desistir |
| threshold substantivo | /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/ | umbral, soleira |
| bout substantivo | /ˈbaʊt/ | ataque |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| come around verbo | /kʌ.məˈɹaʊnd/ | mudar de ideia |
| grow up verbo | crescer |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | we've come · has come · have risen |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | was estimated · aren't left |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 12 contrações e formas reduzidas, como aren't, I'm, isn't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: nutshell /ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/, socially /ˈsoʊʃəli/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: solitary /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/, notorious /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, mainland /ˈmeɪnlənd/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/, bout /ˈbaʊt/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como binge, drinker, depend.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.