跟读练习: Alcohol abuse. | British Council-Learn English. - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Hello and welcome to this Learn English Professionals recording, brought to you by the British Council.
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Alcohol abuse.
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Thanks for coming along to the studio today, Damien.
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We're going to talk about alcohol, and more to the point, alcohol abuse, what we've come to know as binge drinking.
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Yes, thanks for inviting me, Anne.
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We keep hearing about cases of binge drinking in the newspapers, on television, in magazines and on radio chat shows like this one.
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But what exactly is binge drinking?
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What does the term mean?
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Is there a difference between binge drinking and just plain old getting drunk?
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Well, the British Medical Association states that there is no consensus on the definition of binge drinking.
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In the past, we used the term binge drinking to refer to an extended period of time—a couple of days,
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for example—when a person would continue to drink alcohol to such an extent that he or she would abandon their usual activities,
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such as work, or, in the case of younger drinkers, classes.
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In medical terms, we usually agree that binge drinking refers to the thresholds that we have for holding our drink.
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Ah.
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But isn't binge drinking all about drinking lots of alcohol in a short space of time?
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And don't we usually think of young people when we hear the term used?
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People who shouldn't really be drinking alcohol in the first place.
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Well, you are right about the first point.
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In common usage, probably because of all the recent media coverage,
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binge drinking has come to mean a heavy bout of drinking in just one evening, or a similar time span.
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Another factor is the intention.
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The intention?
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Yes.
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The fact that binge drinkers actually set out to get drunk.
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That's their goal, what they're trying to do.
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Binge drinkers aren't usually solitary drinkers.
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They drink in groups, sometimes very large groups, especially in the case of teenagers.
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And binge drinkers are getting younger and younger, if you believe what you read in the press.
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So, let's get this clear.
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Large groups of kids get together with the sole intention of getting drunk?
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In a nutshell, yes.
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Ah.
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And is binge drinking a particularly British problem?
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Surely young people drink in other countries too?
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Yes, you're right.
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Lots of countries have problems with youngsters drinking.
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But it does seem as though the UK is taking a particular interest in the problem.
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Let's say that here, In Britain, we see binge drinking as a huge social problem.
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In other countries, it's perceived as less of a problem.
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And should we be worried?
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Is it a problem?
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Well, that depends.
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I certainly think so, yes.
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In 2003, the cost of binge drinking was estimated as £20 billion.
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The figure will have risen considerably since then, I'm sure.
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In 2005, the government released figures from the Health Service
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that suggested that a million accident and emergency admissions each year are a direct result of alcohol consumption.
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And the emergency services report that Friday and Saturday nights they can hardly cope with the demand for attention.
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So why are the British so notorious when it comes to binge drinking?
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Are we worse than other European countries?
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The culture of drinking in the UK is very different from other countries like France, Spain or Italy.
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In most mainland European countries, children grow up seeing alcohol consumed slowly, a drop of wine with a meal,
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the odd beer on a sunny afternoon.
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In the UK, we go out to the pubs and up until recently, the pubs all closed at 11 on the dot.
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So, what happens?
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Well, you drink as fast as you can, so that by the time eleven comes around you aren't left feeling like another drink.
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Do you think we are used to seeing people drunk in Britain, or do we still get shocked?
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It depends, really.
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But being drunk isn't socially acceptable in most European countries, whereas in the UK, well,
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in some social circles quite the reverse is true.
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I'm afraid that's all we have time for.
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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“Alcohol abuse”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：drinking, binge, alcohol, countries, drink。 这段视频共有 62 个句子、676 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 4:33。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 149 个词，很适合跟读。 86% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。 全部 62 个句子中有 15 个是问句，适合练习疑问语调和简短回答。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：

单词发音释义
drinker 名词/ˈdɹɪŋkɚ/酒徒, 酒鬼
depend 动词/dɪˈpɛnd/信任, 信賴 /信赖
nutshell 名词/ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/堅果殼 /坚果壳
youngster 名词/ˈjʌŋstɚ/小孩, 年輕人 /年轻人
perceive 动词/pɚˈsiv/察覺 /察觉, 感知
solitary 形容词/ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/獨居 /独居
notorious 形容词/nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/臭名昭著, 惡名昭彰 /恶名昭彰
consume 动词/kənˈsum/耗費 /耗费, 消耗
mainland 名词/ˈmeɪnlənd/大陸 /大陆, 內地 /内地
considerably 副词/kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/大大, 相當 /相当
abandon 动词/əˈbæn.dən/放棄 /放弃
threshold 名词/ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/門檻 /门槛, 門限 /门限
sunny 形容词/ˈsʌni/晴朗
teenager 名词/ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/少年, 青少年
consensus 名词/kənˈsɛnsəs/共識 /共识

视频中出现的短语动词

单词释义
grow up 动词長大 /长大

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构视频中的用法
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事we've come · has come · have risen
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的was estimated · aren't left

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 12 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 aren't, I'm, isn't。请按听到的简短形式来说。

  • “sh” 和 “zh” 音: nutshell /ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/, socially /ˈsoʊʃəli/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
  • 长单词——注意重音位置: solitary /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/, notorious /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

  • /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: perceive /pɚˈsiv/, eleven /əˈlɛv.ən/
  • 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: binge /bɪnd͡ʒ/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, perceive /pɚˈsiv/, notorious /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/, mainland /ˈmeɪnlənd/
  • /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: solitary /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/

如何用这段视频练习

  1. 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
  2. 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
  3. 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 drinker, depend, nutshell 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →