跟讀練習: Alcohol abuse. | British Council-Learn English. - 通過影片學習英語口語
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1
Hello and welcome to this Learn English Professionals recording, brought to you by the British Council.
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Alcohol abuse.
3
Thanks for coming along to the studio today, Damien.
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We're going to talk about alcohol, and more to the point, alcohol abuse, what we've come to know as binge drinking.
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Yes, thanks for inviting me, Anne.
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We keep hearing about cases of binge drinking in the newspapers, on television, in magazines and on radio chat shows like this one.
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But what exactly is binge drinking?
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What does the term mean?
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Is there a difference between binge drinking and just plain old getting drunk?
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Well, the British Medical Association states that there is no consensus on the definition of binge drinking.
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In the past, we used the term binge drinking to refer to an extended period of time—a couple of days,
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for example—when a person would continue to drink alcohol to such an extent that he or she would abandon their usual activities,
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such as work, or, in the case of younger drinkers, classes.
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In medical terms, we usually agree that binge drinking refers to the thresholds that we have for holding our drink.
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Ah.
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But isn't binge drinking all about drinking lots of alcohol in a short space of time?
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And don't we usually think of young people when we hear the term used?
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People who shouldn't really be drinking alcohol in the first place.
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Well, you are right about the first point.
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In common usage, probably because of all the recent media coverage,
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binge drinking has come to mean a heavy bout of drinking in just one evening, or a similar time span.
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Another factor is the intention.
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The intention?
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Yes.
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The fact that binge drinkers actually set out to get drunk.
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That's their goal, what they're trying to do.
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Binge drinkers aren't usually solitary drinkers.
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They drink in groups, sometimes very large groups, especially in the case of teenagers.
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And binge drinkers are getting younger and younger, if you believe what you read in the press.
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So, let's get this clear.
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Large groups of kids get together with the sole intention of getting drunk?
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In a nutshell, yes.
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Ah.
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And is binge drinking a particularly British problem?
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Surely young people drink in other countries too?
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Yes, you're right.
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Lots of countries have problems with youngsters drinking.
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But it does seem as though the UK is taking a particular interest in the problem.
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Let's say that here, In Britain, we see binge drinking as a huge social problem.
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In other countries, it's perceived as less of a problem.
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And should we be worried?
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Is it a problem?
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Well, that depends.
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I certainly think so, yes.
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In 2003, the cost of binge drinking was estimated as £20 billion.
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The figure will have risen considerably since then, I'm sure.
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In 2005, the government released figures from the Health Service
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that suggested that a million accident and emergency admissions each year are a direct result of alcohol consumption.
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And the emergency services report that Friday and Saturday nights they can hardly cope with the demand for attention.
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So why are the British so notorious when it comes to binge drinking?
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Are we worse than other European countries?
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The culture of drinking in the UK is very different from other countries like France, Spain or Italy.
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In most mainland European countries, children grow up seeing alcohol consumed slowly, a drop of wine with a meal,
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the odd beer on a sunny afternoon.
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In the UK, we go out to the pubs and up until recently, the pubs all closed at 11 on the dot.
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So, what happens?
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Well, you drink as fast as you can, so that by the time eleven comes around you aren't left feeling like another drink.
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Do you think we are used to seeing people drunk in Britain, or do we still get shocked?
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It depends, really.
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But being drunk isn't socially acceptable in most European countries, whereas in the UK, well,
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in some social circles quite the reverse is true.
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I'm afraid that's all we have time for.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節 B2 級別的口語課以影片“Alcohol abuse”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：drinking, binge, alcohol, countries, drink。 這段影片共有 62 個句子、676 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 4:33。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 149 個詞，很適合跟讀。 86% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。 全部 62 個句子中有 15 個是問句，適合練習疑問語調和簡短回答。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| drinker 名詞 | /ˈdɹɪŋkɚ/ | 酒徒, 酒鬼 |
| depend 動詞 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 信任, 信賴 /信賴 |
| nutshell 名詞 | /ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/ | 堅果殼 /堅果殼 |
| youngster 名詞 | /ˈjʌŋstɚ/ | 小孩, 年輕人 /年輕人 |
| perceive 動詞 | /pɚˈsiv/ | 察覺 /察覺, 感知 |
| solitary 形容詞 | /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/ | 獨居 /獨居 |
| notorious 形容詞 | /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/ | 臭名昭著, 惡名昭彰 /惡名昭彰 |
| consume 動詞 | /kənˈsum/ | 耗費 /耗費, 消耗 |
| mainland 名詞 | /ˈmeɪnlənd/ | 大陸 /大陸, 內地 /內地 |
| considerably 副詞 | /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/ | 大大, 相當 /相當 |
| abandon 動詞 | /əˈbæn.dən/ | 放棄 /放棄 |
| threshold 名詞 | /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/ | 門檻 /門檻, 門限 /門限 |
| sunny 形容詞 | /ˈsʌni/ | 晴朗 |
| teenager 名詞 | /ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/ | 少年, 青少年 |
| consensus 名詞 | /kənˈsɛnsəs/ | 共識 /共識 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 釋義 |
|---|---|
| grow up 動詞 | 長大 /長大 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | was estimated · aren't left · being drunk |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | we've come · has come |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 12 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 aren't, I'm, isn't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: nutshell /ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/, socially /ˈsoʊʃəli/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: solitary /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/, notorious /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: perceive /pɚˈsiv/, eleven /əˈlɛv.ən/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: binge /bɪnd͡ʒ/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, perceive /pɚˈsiv/, notorious /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/, mainland /ˈmeɪnlənd/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: solitary /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 drinker, depend, nutshell 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。