Pratique du Shadowing: Alcohol abuse. | British Council-Learn English. - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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Hello and welcome to this Learn English Professionals recording, brought to you by the British Council.
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Alcohol abuse.
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Thanks for coming along to the studio today, Damien.
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We're going to talk about alcohol, and more to the point, alcohol abuse, what we've come to know as binge drinking.
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Yes, thanks for inviting me, Anne.
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We keep hearing about cases of binge drinking in the newspapers, on television, in magazines and on radio chat shows like this one.
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But what exactly is binge drinking?
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What does the term mean?
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Is there a difference between binge drinking and just plain old getting drunk?
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Well, the British Medical Association states that there is no consensus on the definition of binge drinking.
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In the past, we used the term binge drinking to refer to an extended period of time—a couple of days,
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for example—when a person would continue to drink alcohol to such an extent that he or she would abandon their usual activities,
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such as work, or, in the case of younger drinkers, classes.
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In medical terms, we usually agree that binge drinking refers to the thresholds that we have for holding our drink.
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Ah.
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But isn't binge drinking all about drinking lots of alcohol in a short space of time?
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And don't we usually think of young people when we hear the term used?
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People who shouldn't really be drinking alcohol in the first place.
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Well, you are right about the first point.
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In common usage, probably because of all the recent media coverage,
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binge drinking has come to mean a heavy bout of drinking in just one evening, or a similar time span.
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Another factor is the intention.
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The intention?
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Yes.
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The fact that binge drinkers actually set out to get drunk.
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That's their goal, what they're trying to do.
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Binge drinkers aren't usually solitary drinkers.
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They drink in groups, sometimes very large groups, especially in the case of teenagers.
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And binge drinkers are getting younger and younger, if you believe what you read in the press.
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So, let's get this clear.
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Large groups of kids get together with the sole intention of getting drunk?
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In a nutshell, yes.
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Ah.
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And is binge drinking a particularly British problem?
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Surely young people drink in other countries too?
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Yes, you're right.
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Lots of countries have problems with youngsters drinking.
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But it does seem as though the UK is taking a particular interest in the problem.
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Let's say that here, In Britain, we see binge drinking as a huge social problem.
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In other countries, it's perceived as less of a problem.
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And should we be worried?
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Is it a problem?
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Well, that depends.
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I certainly think so, yes.
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In 2003, the cost of binge drinking was estimated as £20 billion.
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The figure will have risen considerably since then, I'm sure.
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In 2005, the government released figures from the Health Service
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that suggested that a million accident and emergency admissions each year are a direct result of alcohol consumption.
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And the emergency services report that Friday and Saturday nights they can hardly cope with the demand for attention.
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So why are the British so notorious when it comes to binge drinking?
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Are we worse than other European countries?
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The culture of drinking in the UK is very different from other countries like France, Spain or Italy.
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In most mainland European countries, children grow up seeing alcohol consumed slowly, a drop of wine with a meal,
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the odd beer on a sunny afternoon.
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In the UK, we go out to the pubs and up until recently, the pubs all closed at 11 on the dot.
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So, what happens?
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Well, you drink as fast as you can, so that by the time eleven comes around you aren't left feeling like another drink.
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Do you think we are used to seeing people drunk in Britain, or do we still get shocked?
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It depends, really.
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But being drunk isn't socially acceptable in most European countries, whereas in the UK, well,
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in some social circles quite the reverse is true.
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I'm afraid that's all we have time for.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Alcohol abuse ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : drinking, binge, alcohol, countries, drink. Cette vidéo contient 62 phrases et 676 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 4:33. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 149 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 86 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer. 15 de ses 62 phrases sont des questions : un bon entraînement pour l’intonation interrogative et les réponses courtes.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| drinker nom | /ˈdɹɪŋkɚ/ | buveur, buveuse |
| depend verbe | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | dépendre |
| nutshell nom | /ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/ | coque, coquille |
| youngster nom | /ˈjʌŋstɚ/ | ado, enfant |
| perceive verbe | /pɚˈsiv/ | percevoir |
| solitary adjectif | /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/ | solitaire, seul |
| notorious adjectif | /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/ | notoire |
| consume verbe | /kənˈsum/ | consommer |
| mainland nom | /ˈmeɪnlənd/ | continent |
| socially adverbe | /ˈsoʊʃəli/ | socialement |
| considerably adverbe | /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/ | considérablement, largement |
| abandon verbe | /əˈbæn.dən/ | abandonner |
| threshold nom | /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/ | seuil |
| sunny adjectif | /ˈsʌni/ | ensoleillé |
| teenager nom | /ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/ | adolescent, adolescente |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| grow up verbe | grandir |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | we've come · has come · have risen |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | was estimated · aren't left |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 12 contractions et formes réduites, comme aren't, I'm, isn't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: nutshell /ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/, socially /ˈsoʊʃəli/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: solitary /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/, notorious /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: binge /bɪnd͡ʒ/, teenager /ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: drinker /ˈdɹɪŋkɚ/, solitary /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/, notorious /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme drinker, depend, nutshell.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.