シャドーイング練習: Alcohol abuse. | British Council-Learn English. - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

レッスンを作成中...
1
Hello and welcome to this Learn English Professionals recording, brought to you by the British Council.
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Alcohol abuse.
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Thanks for coming along to the studio today, Damien.
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We're going to talk about alcohol, and more to the point, alcohol abuse, what we've come to know as binge drinking.
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Yes, thanks for inviting me, Anne.
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We keep hearing about cases of binge drinking in the newspapers, on television, in magazines and on radio chat shows like this one.
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But what exactly is binge drinking?
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What does the term mean?
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Is there a difference between binge drinking and just plain old getting drunk?
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Well, the British Medical Association states that there is no consensus on the definition of binge drinking.
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In the past, we used the term binge drinking to refer to an extended period of time—a couple of days,
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for example—when a person would continue to drink alcohol to such an extent that he or she would abandon their usual activities,
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such as work, or, in the case of younger drinkers, classes.
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In medical terms, we usually agree that binge drinking refers to the thresholds that we have for holding our drink.
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Ah.
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But isn't binge drinking all about drinking lots of alcohol in a short space of time?
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And don't we usually think of young people when we hear the term used?
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People who shouldn't really be drinking alcohol in the first place.
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Well, you are right about the first point.
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In common usage, probably because of all the recent media coverage,
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binge drinking has come to mean a heavy bout of drinking in just one evening, or a similar time span.
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Another factor is the intention.
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The intention?
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Yes.
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The fact that binge drinkers actually set out to get drunk.
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That's their goal, what they're trying to do.
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Binge drinkers aren't usually solitary drinkers.
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They drink in groups, sometimes very large groups, especially in the case of teenagers.
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And binge drinkers are getting younger and younger, if you believe what you read in the press.
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So, let's get this clear.
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Large groups of kids get together with the sole intention of getting drunk?
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In a nutshell, yes.
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Ah.
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And is binge drinking a particularly British problem?
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Surely young people drink in other countries too?
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Yes, you're right.
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Lots of countries have problems with youngsters drinking.
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But it does seem as though the UK is taking a particular interest in the problem.
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Let's say that here, In Britain, we see binge drinking as a huge social problem.
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In other countries, it's perceived as less of a problem.
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And should we be worried?
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Is it a problem?
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Well, that depends.
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I certainly think so, yes.
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In 2003, the cost of binge drinking was estimated as £20 billion.
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The figure will have risen considerably since then, I'm sure.
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In 2005, the government released figures from the Health Service
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that suggested that a million accident and emergency admissions each year are a direct result of alcohol consumption.
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And the emergency services report that Friday and Saturday nights they can hardly cope with the demand for attention.
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So why are the British so notorious when it comes to binge drinking?
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Are we worse than other European countries?
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The culture of drinking in the UK is very different from other countries like France, Spain or Italy.
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In most mainland European countries, children grow up seeing alcohol consumed slowly, a drop of wine with a meal,
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the odd beer on a sunny afternoon.
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In the UK, we go out to the pubs and up until recently, the pubs all closed at 11 on the dot.
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So, what happens?
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Well, you drink as fast as you can, so that by the time eleven comes around you aren't left feeling like another drink.
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Do you think we are used to seeing people drunk in Britain, or do we still get shocked?
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It depends, really.
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But being drunk isn't socially acceptable in most European countries, whereas in the UK, well,
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in some social circles quite the reverse is true.
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I'm afraid that's all we have time for.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このB2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Alcohol abuse」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：drinking, binge, alcohol, countries, drink。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が62文、単語が676語あります。 音声の長さは4:33です。 話す速さは1分あたり約149語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 単語の86%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。 全62文のうち15文が疑問文なので、疑問文のイントネーションや短い受け答えの練習に向いています。

この動画の重要語彙

動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語発音意味
drinker 名詞/ˈdɹɪŋkɚ/酒飲み, 酒好き
depend 動詞/dɪˈpɛnd/依存する
nutshell 名詞/ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/木の実の殻
youngster 名詞/ˈjʌŋstɚ/若者, 小僧
perceive 動詞/pɚˈsiv/知覚する, 認める
solitary 形容詞/ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/独居の
notorious 形容詞/nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/悪名高い
consume 動詞/kənˈsum/消費する, 消耗する
mainland 名詞/ˈmeɪnlənd/本土, 内地
considerably 副詞/kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/ずいぶん, かなり
abandon 動詞/əˈbæn.dən/放棄する, 断念する
threshold 名詞/ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/敷居
sunny 形容詞/ˈsʌni/晴れた
teenager 名詞/ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/ティーネージャー, ティーンエイジャー
consensus 名詞/kənˈsɛnsəs/総意, 協心

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語意味
grow up 動詞成長する, 大人に成る

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型動画での表現
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係しているwe've come · has come · have risen
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てるwas estimated · aren't left

注意したい発音

話し手はaren't, I'm, isn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を12回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

  • 「sh」と「zh」の音: nutshell /ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/, socially /ˈsoʊʃəli/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
  • 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: solitary /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/, notorious /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

  • /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: solitary /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
  • /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: perceive /pɚˈsiv/, eleven /əˈlɛv.ən/
  • 子音の連続 — 間に母音を入れない: binge /bɪnd͡ʒ/, drinker /ˈdɹɪŋkɚ/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, youngster /ˈjʌŋstɚ/, mainland /ˈmeɪnlənd/

この動画での練習方法

  1. まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
  2. 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
  3. 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。drinker, depend, nutshellなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →