Практика Shadowing: Is the internet good or bad? | 6 Minute English. - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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Hello, welcome to 6 Minute English.

I'm Rob.

And I'm Neil.

Now Neil, can you remember the first time you ever used the World Wide Web, or as we often call it, the internet?

And what you used it for?

Oh, that's a good question.

I do remember.

and, well, nothing really changes, does it?

Because I looked up pictures of cats.

Cats.

Very useful.

Anyway, do you think the internet has generally been positive or negative for the world?

Wow.

Now that is a big question.

A huge question.

I don't know if I can answer that.

Well, one person who perhaps can answer it is the man who invented it, British computer scientist Tim Berners -Lee.

We'll find out what he thinks has become of his child shortly.

But before that, a question for you all.

When did Berners -Lee first suggest the idea for what would become the World Wide Web?

Was it a.

1985, b.

1989 or c.

1991?

Tricky, but I think it's earlier than people think, so I'm going to go for 1985.

Well, that was a long time ago, but we'll reveal the answer a little later in the programme.

I think it's true to say that the internet has been one of, if not the most important, technological developments, perhaps, of all time.

Would you agree, Neil?

Well, it's hard to imagine living without it.

Not impossible, but not nearly as convenient.

These days, we take the internet for granted.

We share our lives on social media and not just with friends and family.

And that isn't always a positive thing, according to the father of the internet, Tim Berners -Lee.

In a recent BBC Tech Tent programme, he talked about his concerns with the internet and particularly the companies that control its information,

companies which he calls internet giants.

What does he say he thought these companies had to do?

Initially, I felt the main thing that an internet giant had to do was just to be neutral, just be a platform.

And humanity, once connected by technology, will do wonderful things.

And clearly it doesn't work like that.

If you connect humanity via Wikipedia, then they do produce, in general, wonderful things.

If you connect people by a social network where they have anonymity, then it can bring out the very nastiest of people.

So, what did he say he thought these internet giants had to do?

He said that he thought initially that they just had to be neutral.

Initially means at first, in the beginning, and it also suggests that later he changed his mind.

Anyway, he said that he thought they just had to be neutral.

Neutral here means that they didn't need to do anything.

They didn't need to control the internet or information.

He thought it would be a tool to connect people and ideas and information and it would be wonderful.

But it's not all good, is it?

No. He does say that giving people access to sources of information is generally a good thing, but that when it comes to social networks,

social media, people have anonymity.

Anonymity.

Yes.

It means that on the internet, people can hide their true identity or personality.

Some people write things that they would never say to someone in person because they think there will be no consequences.

Berners -Lee says anonymity can bring out the nastiest side of people, people saying horrible and terrible things to each other.

Berners -Lee does have some suggestions for how this could be changed and it's based on the idea of likes and shares, which he calls kudos.

What's his suggestion?

The different social networks, the different platforms are in different situations.

In some cases, they have acknowledged that there's an issue.

I think they realise that the issue could perhaps be hugely ameliorated by tweaking the way the thing works,

by changing the way retweets or propagate it, or changing the way people get kudos – give them all kudos for being constructive, for example.

So how does he think companies could address the problem?

Well, he says that some of the social networks have agreed

that there is a problem and they know what could improve it.

He didn't use the word improve though, did he?

No, he actually used the rather formal verb ameliorate, which means to improve or make something better.

So how does he suggest the problem could be ameliorated?

By tweaking the way in which people give or receive kudos.

Tweaking means making a small change to the way something works.

Much of what happens on the internet is driven by our desire to get likes and shares.

This is the kudos that Berners -Lee talks about.

He feels that tweaking this could lead to a better experience.

For example, getting more kudos for constructive or positive actions.

Interesting.

But I wonder who would decide if something is constructive?

Well, that's another big question.

For another day, I guess.

For now, though, let's have the answer to our small question.

In what year did Berners -Lee present the idea for what would become the World Wide Web?

The options were a.

1985, b.

1989 or c.

1991. It was, in fact, 1989.

Now, before we go, let's have a quick recap of today's vocabulary.

Initially means at first, in the beginning.

And then we had neutral.

In this case, it meant not controlling or not taking any action to control.

Then there was the noun anonymity, which is the state of having a hidden identity or personality.

Next, to ameliorate a situation is to make it better.

To tweak something is to make a small change to the way something works.

And then we have, of course, kudos.

Kudos is praise and appreciation for something you've done.

Well, kudos to you, Rob, for today's programme.

Thank you very much.

Well, thank you, Neil, and thank you everyone for listening.

That's all we have time for today but you can find us on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube and of course our website bbclearningenglish .com.

100

Bye for now.

101

Thanks for joining us and goodbye.

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FOR YOU

Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

Этот урок разговорной практики построен на видео «Is the internet good or bad?». Чаще всего повторяются слова: internet, kudos, Berners, Lee, anonymity. В этом видео 100 предложений и 1034 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 6:11. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 167 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. 87% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика простая. Вопросов здесь 15 из 100 предложений, так что это хорошая тренировка вопросительной интонации и коротких ответов.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:

Слово	Произношение	Значение
neutral прилагательное	/ˈnuː.tɹəl/	нейтра́льный
connect глагол	/kəˈnɛkt/	свя́зывать, связа́ть
constructive прилагательное	/kənˈstɹʌktɪv/	строи́тельный
humanity существительное	/hjuˈmænɪti/	челове́чество
suggestion существительное	/səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/	предложе́ние
nasty прилагательное	/ˈnæs.ti/	ме́рзкий, отврати́тельный
shortly наречие	/ˈʃɔɹtli/	кра́тко, недо́лго
formal прилагательное	/ˈfɔɹməl/	форма́льный
horrible прилагательное	/ˈhɔɹ.ɪ.bəl/	ужа́сный, стра́шный
reveal глагол	/ɹɪˈviːl/	выявля́ть, раскрыва́ть
praise глагол	/pɹeɪz/	хвали́ть, похвали́ть
goodbye	/ɡʊdˈbaɪ/	проща́й, проща́йте
scientist существительное	/ˈsaɪəntəst/	учёный, учёная
acknowledge глагол	/əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/	признава́ть, призна́ть
convenient прилагательное	/kənˈviː.niənt/	удо́бный

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Слово	Произношение	Значение
find out глагол		узнава́ть, узна́ть
look up глагол	/ˌlʊk ˈʌp/	улучша́ться

Фразы, которые стоит повторять

Короткие законченные фразы из видео, которые пригодятся в повседневном разговоре:

I don't know if I can answer that.
He didn't use the word improve though, did he?
Kudos is praise and appreciation for something you've done.

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

Конструкция	В видео
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас	has generally been · has become · has been
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает	could be changed · be hugely ameliorated · could be ameliorated
Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете	person who perhaps · ameliorate, which means · anonymity, which is
Превосходная степень the -est / the most … — самое большое или малое в группе	the most important · the nastiest

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 12 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например didn't, I'm, we'll. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

Звуки «sh» и «zh»: suggestion /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/, shortly /ˈʃɔɹtli/, appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/
Длинные слова — следите за ударением: humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/, appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/, technological /ˌtɛk.nəˈlɑ.dʒɪ.kəl/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, anonymity /ænəˈnɪmɪti/

Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:

/w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: consequence /ˈkɑn.sɪ.kwəns/, tweak /twiːk/
/h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/, horrible /ˈhɔɹ.ɪ.bəl/, hugely /ˈhjuːd͡ʒli/
Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: constructive /kənˈstɹʌktɪv/, praise /pɹeɪz/, acknowledge /əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/, verb /vɝb/, kudos /ˈkuˌdoʊz/

Как заниматься с этим видео

Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как neutral, connect, constructive.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →

Практика Shadowing: Is the internet good or bad? | 6 Minute English. - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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