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Cashews grow in select tropical climates around the world, from the bottom of a hanging fruit like this.
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Just one kilogram of cashews can cost $10 wholesale.
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That's over seven times as much as peanuts.
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And in the U .S., retail prices for whole cashews can reach $15 per pound.
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But without intensive, precise processing, these nuts wouldn't be edible at all.
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So how exactly are cashews processed?
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And is this what makes them so expensive?
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In 2017, the world ate 770 ,000 metric tons of cashews.
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They're one of the most popular and valuable nuts in the world, worth over $6 billion today.
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Cashews grow in tropical locations like India, Vietnam, Ivory Coast, and here in Sri Lanka.
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The trees are a member of the same family as poison ivy.
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And like poison ivy, cashew plants contain a toxin called urushiol.
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It's found in the plant itself and the brown oil inside a nut's shell.
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It can cause burns, itches, and blisters, which is why unprocessed cashews are considered dangerous to eat or touch.
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It's also why they require more rigorous processing than other nuts.
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Each fruit grows just one shelled nut, called a droop, which workers separate by hand.
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The nuts must then dry under the sun to help draw out some of the shell's caustic liquid.
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The most difficult and dangerous step is splitting open the nut, since toxic oil still coats the droops.
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Cashews are brittle, so factories used to do this step manually to ensure machines wouldn't break the nuts.
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But doing this by hand has frequently raised issues within the industry.
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NGOs have called out some factories for overworking employees
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and putting workers at risk of burning themselves if they can't afford to buy gloves for protection.
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Today machines are advanced enough to crack the shells cleanly, keeping the majority of nuts intact and helping minimize risks to workers.
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After a machine splits open the shells, the next two crucial stages totally depend on workers, who have to do them by hand.
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The nuts are roasted to ensure, again, that the toxic liquid inside is destroyed.
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The next stage is particularly tedious, as it relies entirely on handiwork.
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workers must peel off the husk or the dry outer covering
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that surrounds each nut because it's high in tannins
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and could irritate your throat removing
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it is a skill one masters with practice experienced workers de -skin only about two
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and a half kilograms of cashews each night this step is not only difficult
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but also has the biggest impact on price
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Cashews are graded by several features, like color, weight, and condition.
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Large whole nuts are most valuable.
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If you have a lot of cashews, you can get a lot of cashews.
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Because cashews can only be harvested once a year, growers like Laharu save a portion of the nuts in stock
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so that they can continue making a profit in the months ahead.
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But it comes at a steep cost.
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Just stocking the nuts costs Laharu more than $65 ,000 each year.
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It was a long time ago.
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It was a long time ago.
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It was a long time ago.
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It was a long time ago.
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It was a long time ago.
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It was a long time ago.
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It was a long time ago.
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It was a long time ago.
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It was a long time ago.
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If you buy some of the cashews, you can buy some of the cashews.
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If you buy some of the cashews, you can buy some of the cashews.
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This causes prices to fluctuate a bit year -round.
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In December, Laharu's supply has decreased, so prices typically increase.
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But it also depends on each country's supply chain.
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While Sri Lanka processes and sells many of its own cashews domestically, other countries export much of what they grow.
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It's likely that many of the cashews you buy in the U .S or Europe were grown in Africa, processed in Vietnam or India,
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and finally exported to the Western market.
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Africa produces half of the world's supply of cashews.
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Ivory Coast, for example, produced about 730 ,000 metric tons of raw cashews in 2019.
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But it exported over 90 % of that.
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This is because Ivory Coast and other African countries still don't have a robust processing industry.
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Ivory Coast plans to expand domestic processing by 2024, but without it, cashews are significantly less valuable. In 2018,
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the export price of cashews processed in India
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and exported to Europe was 250 % higher than the price paid to Ivory Coast farmers customers.
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Vietnam, on the other hand, was one of the first countries to invest in automation, making it a key location for processing cashews.
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Today Vietnam is the largest cashew exporter in the world.
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In just the first three months of 2021, the country exported over 108 ,000 tons of cashews.
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Automation has also lessened the need to hire workers, which is a reason many factories in India and Sri Lanka still process manually.
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By hand or machine, processing cashews is no easy task.
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And the world's climate crisis could make it even harder.
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A 2013 report on the climate's impact on cashews shows unseasonal rains
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and heavy dew can impact the quality and quantity of the nuts.
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Just this year, Lahiru's harvest came late because of it.
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We're going to eat the nut and the nut.
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Amidst climate challenges, cashews continue to be popular.
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Healthy eating trends are key to driving demand, along with the versatility of the cashew itself, another reason the nut remains so valuable.
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Whether used as a snack, cooking paste, or an alternative to milk or butter, cashews have many applications around the world.
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researchers predict the market will grow to $7 billion by 2025.
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And although cashews are currently cheaper than they've been in recent years, demand is likely to drive prices higher in the future.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione si basa sul video “Why Cashew Nuts Are So Expensive”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: cashew, nut, workers, price, processing. Questo video contiene 78 frasi e 960 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 8:20. Chi parla mantiene un ritmo costante di circa 115 parole al minuto, comodo per lo shadowing. Solo il 76% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è impegnativo.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| worker sostantivo | /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ | lavoratore, operaio |
| export sostantivo | /ˈɛks.pɔɹt/ | esportazione |
| shell sostantivo | /ʃɛl/ | conchiglia |
| ton sostantivo | /tʌn/ | tonnellata |
| liquid sostantivo | /ˈlɪk.wɪd/ | liquido |
| toxic aggettivo | /ˈtɒk.sɪk/ | tossico |
| depend verbo | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | dipendere |
| tropical aggettivo | /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/ | tropicale |
| poison sostantivo | /ˈpɔɪ.zən/ | veleno |
| harvest sostantivo | /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/ | mietitura, messe |
| metric aggettivo | /ˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ | metrico |
| automation sostantivo | /ˌɔ.təˈmeɪ.ʃən/ | automazione, automatizzazione |
| manually avverbio | /ˈmænj(u)əliː/ | manualmente |
| select verbo | /sɪˈlɛkt/ | scegliere, selezionare |
| skill sostantivo | /skɪl/ | abilità, capacità |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Significato |
|---|---|
| draw out verbo | prolungare |
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | are considered · are roasted · are graded |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | have called · has decreased · has also lessened |
| Frasi relative who / which + frase — un’informazione in più su una persona o una cosa | blisters, which is · workers, which is |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 7 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come wouldn't, can't, don't. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: shell /ʃɛl/, automation /ˌɔ.təˈmeɪ.ʃən/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, cashew /ˈkæʃuː/, urushiol /ʊˈɹuːʃiˌɔl/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: automation /ˌɔ.təˈmeɪ.ʃən/, manually /ˈmænj(u)əliː/, urushiol /ʊˈɹuːʃiˌɔl/, versatility /ˌvɜː.səˈtɪl.ɪ.tiː/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- /h/ — va soffiata, non è muta: harvest /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/, hire /ˈhaɪɹ/, wholesale /ˈhoʊlseɪl/, handiwork /ˈhændiˌwɝk/, husk /hʌsk/
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: export /ˈɛks.pɔɹt/, liquid /ˈlɪk.wɪd/, toxic /ˈtɒk.sɪk/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, harvest /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/
- /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: manually /ˈmænj(u)əliː/, crack /kɹæk/, expand /ɪkˈspænd/, intact /ɪnˈtækt/, snack /snæk/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Fai shadowing frase per frase a velocità normale, ripetendo ognuna finché il tuo ritmo coincide con quello di chi parla.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come worker, export, shell.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.