쉐도잉 연습: How to Survive a Grenade Blast - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
레슨 만드는 중...
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(water splashing) - So I'm here today in Florida filming with Kevin, more commonly known as The Backyard Scientist.
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- That's right.
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- And today we're gonna take these two live grenades, and we're gonna be dipping 'em in this tub of liquid nitrogen.
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So go ahead and hand 'em to me.
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And then dude, baby alligator.
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(grenades bouncing) (water splashes) (classical uplifting music) So now we're both about 15 feet away, except I'm on land with a grenade on land, and Kevin is in the water with a grenade in the water.
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So the question is, which one of us has a better chance of survival?
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Take a moment to decide, do you dive on the pool deck or jump in the pool?
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We both had very different theories for survival.
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So as firm believers in the scientific method, we decided to test out our hypotheses.
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So we devised some experiments.
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But before I get to those, I think it's important to understand how a grenade actually works.
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So once you pull the pin, as long as you keep this handle pushed down, you're perfectly safe.
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But as soon as you let go of the grenade, this handle springs off which releases a spring loaded striker that hits a percussion cap that starts a five second fuse that you can't do anything to stop.
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And I never really thought about it until I made this video but the reason you see a waffle pattern in grenades is to create weak points in the shell.
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So that's where it's going to break first.
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And since there are 40 bumps, this grenade is basically an explosion that shoots 40 bullets in all directions.
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In warfare, that's what makes them lethal.
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So the best strategy is to get as far as possible in a few seconds, and then hit the deck with your feet facing towards the grenade.
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This presents the smallest possible target for a flying grenade chunk to hit.
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So 15 feet away.
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Mathematically, that puts my chances of getting hit at less than 1%.
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But things are even better for Kevin in the pool.
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It's been well documented that bullets do not travel far in water at all.
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The drag force is so high, they just disintegrate after a few feet.
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So he has a 0% chance of getting injured by a grenade fragment in the water.
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But we are thorough men of science and we wanted more information.
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So we designed an experiment where we filled three balloons, half with water and half with air to roughly mimic the human body, which is mostly water, but we have pockets of air in our lungs, intestines, in our sinuses, in our ears, and then we subjected them to identical explosions, identical distances apart in both air (shot fires) and water.
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(shot fires) As you can see, there isn't much effect on land, because air is compressible, which helps dissipate energy, plus the blast wave reflects around objects.
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But in water, the story is different.
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Water is incompressible, which means not only is the blast wave not dissipated, but it passes right through your mostly water body.
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So the air in these balloons represents the air in your body, like your lungs and your sinuses.
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So basically what's happening is the blast wave is pushing in on you, but the air cavities can't push back with the same force, since they're filled with compressible air, that means they move a lot really quickly, which causes permanent damage.
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As a control, you could see this balloon that is filled with just water.
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It is perfectly fine.
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That would be like your arms and legs, which have no air in them, and they are basically incompressible like water, and would be fine.
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An explosion underwater is sort of like the silver ball things.
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So this represents the initial energy of the blast, which then comes down and passes through the incompressible water, and then comes out without losing any energy at the water surface.
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But now your squishable lungs are surrounded by incompressible water in the path of the blast wave.
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And so when the blast happens, there's a lot of relative motion, which is bad if you like your lungs the way they are right now.
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And sadly, our experiment is verified in real life.
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So these jerks throw an M80 into the water, and you can see the devastating effect it has.
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On land, if a bird were that close to an M80, it would be startled, but it would be perfectly fine.
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So now that you know, think back, which did you choose?
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While it's true, there is a small chance you would get unlucky with the grenade chunk if you chose to dive next to me.
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If you chose to join Kevin, you will be in that pool for the rest of your life.
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(upbeat video game music) So huge thanks to the backyard scientist for dying in the name of science.
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If you've never seen his stuff, you just have to check it out.
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Here's a video we just finished filming.
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- It's a bunch of which is a non-Newtonian fluid, and we destroyed it in every way imaginable.
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- It's incredible footage.
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His channel is full of this type of junk.
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So check it out, subscribe, and as always, thanks for watching.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 B2 수준 말하기 레슨은 영상 “How to Survive a Grenade Blast”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: grenade, blast, incompressible, lungs, Kevin. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 53개와 단어 886개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 4:55입니다. 화자는 분당 약 180단어로 빠르게 말하므로 연음과 약하게 발음되는 소리가 많습니다. 단어의 82%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에서 가장 어려운 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| grenade 명사 | /ɡɹəˈneɪd/ | 수류탄 |
| lung 명사 | /ˈlʌŋ/ | 허파, 폐 |
| balloon 명사 | /bəˈlun/ | 기구, 풍선 |
| chunk 명사 | /t͡ʃʌŋk/ | 조각 |
| backyard 명사 | /bækˈjɑːd/ | 뒤뜰 |
| dive 동사 | /daɪv/ | 잠수하다 |
| alligator 명사 | /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɚ/ | 악어, 앨리게이터 |
| devise 동사 | /dɪˈvaɪz/ | 고안하다 |
| injure 동사 | /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ/ | 해치다 |
| intestine 명사 | /ɪnˈtɛs.tɪn/ | 창자, 창 |
| waffle 명사 | /ˈwɑf.əl/ | 와플 |
| fragment 명사 | /ˈfɹæɡmənt/ | 조각, 파편 |
| cavity 명사 | /ˈkæv.ɪt.i/ | 강, 공동 |
| fuse 명사 | /fjuːz/ | 도화선 |
| believer 명사 | /bɪˈlivɚ/ | 신도, 신자 |
영상에 나오는 구동사
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| come down 동사 | 내려오다 | |
| come out 동사 | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | 나오다 |
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | is filled · are surrounded · is verified |
| 관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보 | body, which is · incompressible, which means · legs, which have |
주의할 발음
화자는 we're, can't, gonna 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 13번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “th” 소리: lethal /ˈliː.θəl/, hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/, thorough /ˈθʌɹoʊ/
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: splash /splæʃ/, percussion /pɚˈkʌʃən/, squishable /ˈskwɪʃəbəl/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: alligator /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɚ/, disintegrate /dɪsˈɪntɪɡɹeɪt/, imaginable /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnəbəl/, hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/, underwater /ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: waffle /ˈwɑf.əl/, fragment /ˈfɹæɡmənt/, fuse /fjuːz/, verify /ˈvɛɹɪfaɪ/, warfare /ˈwɔɹfɛɹ/
- /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: dive /daɪv/, devastate /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/, devise /dɪˈvaɪz/, cavity /ˈkæv.ɪt.i/, believer /bɪˈlivɚ/
- /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: devise /dɪˈvaɪz/, fuse /fjuːz/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, grenade, lung, balloon 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.