Pratique du Shadowing: How to Survive a Grenade Blast - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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(water splashing) - So I'm here today in Florida filming with Kevin, more commonly known as The Backyard Scientist.
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- That's right.
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- And today we're gonna take these two live grenades, and we're gonna be dipping 'em in this tub of liquid nitrogen.
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So go ahead and hand 'em to me.
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And then dude, baby alligator.
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(grenades bouncing) (water splashes) (classical uplifting music) So now we're both about 15 feet away, except I'm on land with a grenade on land, and Kevin is in the water with a grenade in the water.
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So the question is, which one of us has a better chance of survival?
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Take a moment to decide, do you dive on the pool deck or jump in the pool?
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We both had very different theories for survival.
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So as firm believers in the scientific method, we decided to test out our hypotheses.
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So we devised some experiments.
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But before I get to those, I think it's important to understand how a grenade actually works.
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So once you pull the pin, as long as you keep this handle pushed down, you're perfectly safe.
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But as soon as you let go of the grenade, this handle springs off which releases a spring loaded striker that hits a percussion cap that starts a five second fuse that you can't do anything to stop.
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And I never really thought about it until I made this video but the reason you see a waffle pattern in grenades is to create weak points in the shell.
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So that's where it's going to break first.
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And since there are 40 bumps, this grenade is basically an explosion that shoots 40 bullets in all directions.
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In warfare, that's what makes them lethal.
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So the best strategy is to get as far as possible in a few seconds, and then hit the deck with your feet facing towards the grenade.
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This presents the smallest possible target for a flying grenade chunk to hit.
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So 15 feet away.
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Mathematically, that puts my chances of getting hit at less than 1%.
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But things are even better for Kevin in the pool.
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It's been well documented that bullets do not travel far in water at all.
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The drag force is so high, they just disintegrate after a few feet.
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So he has a 0% chance of getting injured by a grenade fragment in the water.
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But we are thorough men of science and we wanted more information.
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So we designed an experiment where we filled three balloons, half with water and half with air to roughly mimic the human body, which is mostly water, but we have pockets of air in our lungs, intestines, in our sinuses, in our ears, and then we subjected them to identical explosions, identical distances apart in both air (shot fires) and water.
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(shot fires) As you can see, there isn't much effect on land, because air is compressible, which helps dissipate energy, plus the blast wave reflects around objects.
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But in water, the story is different.
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Water is incompressible, which means not only is the blast wave not dissipated, but it passes right through your mostly water body.
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So the air in these balloons represents the air in your body, like your lungs and your sinuses.
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So basically what's happening is the blast wave is pushing in on you, but the air cavities can't push back with the same force, since they're filled with compressible air, that means they move a lot really quickly, which causes permanent damage.
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As a control, you could see this balloon that is filled with just water.
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It is perfectly fine.
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That would be like your arms and legs, which have no air in them, and they are basically incompressible like water, and would be fine.
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An explosion underwater is sort of like the silver ball things.
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So this represents the initial energy of the blast, which then comes down and passes through the incompressible water, and then comes out without losing any energy at the water surface.
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But now your squishable lungs are surrounded by incompressible water in the path of the blast wave.
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And so when the blast happens, there's a lot of relative motion, which is bad if you like your lungs the way they are right now.
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And sadly, our experiment is verified in real life.
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So these jerks throw an M80 into the water, and you can see the devastating effect it has.
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On land, if a bird were that close to an M80, it would be startled, but it would be perfectly fine.
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So now that you know, think back, which did you choose?
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While it's true, there is a small chance you would get unlucky with the grenade chunk if you chose to dive next to me.
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If you chose to join Kevin, you will be in that pool for the rest of your life.
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(upbeat video game music) So huge thanks to the backyard scientist for dying in the name of science.
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If you've never seen his stuff, you just have to check it out.
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Here's a video we just finished filming.
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- It's a bunch of which is a non-Newtonian fluid, and we destroyed it in every way imaginable.
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- It's incredible footage.
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His channel is full of this type of junk.
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So check it out, subscribe, and as always, thanks for watching.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « How to Survive a Grenade Blast ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : grenade, blast, incompressible, lungs, Kevin. Cette vidéo contient 53 phrases et 886 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 4:55. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 180 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. 82 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| grenade nom | /ɡɹəˈneɪd/ | grenade |
| incompressible adjectif | incompressible | |
| lung nom | /ˈlʌŋ/ | poumon |
| balloon nom | /bəˈlun/ | ballon |
| compressible adjectif | compressible | |
| sinus nom | /ˈsaɪ.nəs/ | sinus |
| chunk nom | /t͡ʃʌŋk/ | pièce, morceau |
| splash verbe | /splæʃ/ | asperger, éclabousser |
| backyard nom | /bækˈjɑːd/ | arrière-cour |
| dive verbe | /daɪv/ | nager, plonger |
| alligator nom | /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɚ/ | alligator, caïman |
| devastate verbe | /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/ | dévaster |
| devise verbe | /dɪˈvaɪz/ | concevoir, élaborer |
| disintegrate verbe | /dɪsˈɪntɪɡɹeɪt/ | désintégrer |
| imaginable adjectif | /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnəbəl/ | imaginable |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| come down verbe | descendre, tomber | |
| come out verbe | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | sortir |
| go ahead verbe | /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ | vas-y, allez-y |
| pass through verbe | traverser |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | is filled · are surrounded · is verified |
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | body, which is · incompressible, which means · legs, which have |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 13 contractions et formes réduites, comme we're, can't, gonna. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: lethal /ˈliː.θəl/, hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/, thorough /ˈθʌɹoʊ/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: splash /splæʃ/, percussion /pɚˈkʌʃən/, squishable /ˈskwɪʃəbəl/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: alligator /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɚ/, disintegrate /dɪsˈɪntɪɡɹeɪt/, imaginable /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnəbəl/, hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/, underwater /ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: chunk /t͡ʃʌŋk/, imaginable /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnəbəl/, injure /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ/, nitrogen /ˈnaɪ.tɹə.d͡ʒən/, junk /d͡ʒʌŋk/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: grenade /ɡɹəˈneɪd/, disintegrate /dɪsˈɪntɪɡɹeɪt/, startle /ˈstɑɹt(ə)l/, fragment /ˈfɹæɡmənt/, nitrogen /ˈnaɪ.tɹə.d͡ʒən/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme grenade, incompressible, lung.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.