Prática de Shadowing: How to Survive a Grenade Blast - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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(water splashing) - So I'm here today in Florida filming with Kevin, more commonly known as The Backyard Scientist.
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- That's right.
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- And today we're gonna take these two live grenades, and we're gonna be dipping 'em in this tub of liquid nitrogen.
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So go ahead and hand 'em to me.
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And then dude, baby alligator.
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(grenades bouncing) (water splashes) (classical uplifting music) So now we're both about 15 feet away, except I'm on land with a grenade on land, and Kevin is in the water with a grenade in the water.
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So the question is, which one of us has a better chance of survival?
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Take a moment to decide, do you dive on the pool deck or jump in the pool?
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We both had very different theories for survival.
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So as firm believers in the scientific method, we decided to test out our hypotheses.
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So we devised some experiments.
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But before I get to those, I think it's important to understand how a grenade actually works.
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So once you pull the pin, as long as you keep this handle pushed down, you're perfectly safe.
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But as soon as you let go of the grenade, this handle springs off which releases a spring loaded striker that hits a percussion cap that starts a five second fuse that you can't do anything to stop.
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And I never really thought about it until I made this video but the reason you see a waffle pattern in grenades is to create weak points in the shell.
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So that's where it's going to break first.
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And since there are 40 bumps, this grenade is basically an explosion that shoots 40 bullets in all directions.
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In warfare, that's what makes them lethal.
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So the best strategy is to get as far as possible in a few seconds, and then hit the deck with your feet facing towards the grenade.
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This presents the smallest possible target for a flying grenade chunk to hit.
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So 15 feet away.
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Mathematically, that puts my chances of getting hit at less than 1%.
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But things are even better for Kevin in the pool.
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It's been well documented that bullets do not travel far in water at all.
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The drag force is so high, they just disintegrate after a few feet.
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So he has a 0% chance of getting injured by a grenade fragment in the water.
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But we are thorough men of science and we wanted more information.
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So we designed an experiment where we filled three balloons, half with water and half with air to roughly mimic the human body, which is mostly water, but we have pockets of air in our lungs, intestines, in our sinuses, in our ears, and then we subjected them to identical explosions, identical distances apart in both air (shot fires) and water.
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(shot fires) As you can see, there isn't much effect on land, because air is compressible, which helps dissipate energy, plus the blast wave reflects around objects.
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But in water, the story is different.
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Water is incompressible, which means not only is the blast wave not dissipated, but it passes right through your mostly water body.
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So the air in these balloons represents the air in your body, like your lungs and your sinuses.
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So basically what's happening is the blast wave is pushing in on you, but the air cavities can't push back with the same force, since they're filled with compressible air, that means they move a lot really quickly, which causes permanent damage.
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As a control, you could see this balloon that is filled with just water.
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It is perfectly fine.
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That would be like your arms and legs, which have no air in them, and they are basically incompressible like water, and would be fine.
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An explosion underwater is sort of like the silver ball things.
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So this represents the initial energy of the blast, which then comes down and passes through the incompressible water, and then comes out without losing any energy at the water surface.
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But now your squishable lungs are surrounded by incompressible water in the path of the blast wave.
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And so when the blast happens, there's a lot of relative motion, which is bad if you like your lungs the way they are right now.
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And sadly, our experiment is verified in real life.
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So these jerks throw an M80 into the water, and you can see the devastating effect it has.
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On land, if a bird were that close to an M80, it would be startled, but it would be perfectly fine.
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So now that you know, think back, which did you choose?
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While it's true, there is a small chance you would get unlucky with the grenade chunk if you chose to dive next to me.
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If you chose to join Kevin, you will be in that pool for the rest of your life.
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(upbeat video game music) So huge thanks to the backyard scientist for dying in the name of science.
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If you've never seen his stuff, you just have to check it out.
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Here's a video we just finished filming.
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- It's a bunch of which is a non-Newtonian fluid, and we destroyed it in every way imaginable.
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- It's incredible footage.
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His channel is full of this type of junk.
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So check it out, subscribe, and as always, thanks for watching.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B2 usa o vídeo “How to Survive a Grenade Blast”. As palavras que mais se repetem: grenade, blast, incompressible, lungs, Kevin. Este vídeo tem 53 frases e 886 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 4:55. O falante fala rápido, cerca de 180 palavras por minuto, então espere sons ligados e reduzidos. 82% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| grenade substantivo | /ɡɹəˈneɪd/ | granada |
| lung substantivo | /ˈlʌŋ/ | pulmão |
| balloon substantivo | /bəˈlun/ | balão, bexiga |
| compressible adjetivo | compressível | |
| sinus substantivo | /ˈsaɪ.nəs/ | seio |
| chunk substantivo | /t͡ʃʌŋk/ | pedaço |
| splash verbo | /splæʃ/ | chapinhar |
| backyard substantivo | /bækˈjɑːd/ | quintal |
| dive verbo | /daɪv/ | mergulhar |
| alligator substantivo | /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɚ/ | aligátor, jacaré |
| devastate verbo | /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/ | devastar |
| devise verbo | /dɪˈvaɪz/ | inventar, tramar |
| disintegrate verbo | /dɪsˈɪntɪɡɹeɪt/ | desintegrar |
| imaginable adjetivo | /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnəbəl/ | imaginável, concebível |
| injure verbo | /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ/ | ferir, machucar |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| come out verbo | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | sair, partir |
| go ahead verbo | /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ | vai em frente |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | is filled · are surrounded · is verified |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | body, which is · incompressible, which means · legs, which have |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | It's been · you've never seen |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 13 contrações e formas reduzidas, como we're, can't, gonna. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: lethal /ˈliː.θəl/, hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/, thorough /ˈθʌɹoʊ/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: splash /splæʃ/, percussion /pɚˈkʌʃən/, squishable /ˈskwɪʃəbəl/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: alligator /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɚ/, disintegrate /dɪsˈɪntɪɡɹeɪt/, imaginable /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnəbəl/, hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/, underwater /ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: grenade /ɡɹəˈneɪd/, dissipate /ˈdɪsɪpeɪt/, chunk /t͡ʃʌŋk/, backyard /bækˈjɑːd/, devastate /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: imaginable /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnəbəl/, squishable /ˈskwɪʃəbəl/, startle /ˈstɑɹt(ə)l/, waffle /ˈwɑf.əl/, lethal /ˈliː.θəl/
- s + consoante no início — sem um “i” antes: splash /splæʃ/, squishable /ˈskwɪʃəbəl/, startle /ˈstɑɹt(ə)l/, striker /ˈstɹaɪkɚ/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como grenade, lung, balloon.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.