Практика Shadowing: How to Survive a Grenade Blast - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
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(water splashing) - So I'm here today in Florida filming with Kevin, more commonly known as The Backyard Scientist.
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- That's right.
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- And today we're gonna take these two live grenades, and we're gonna be dipping 'em in this tub of liquid nitrogen.
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So go ahead and hand 'em to me.
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And then dude, baby alligator.
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(grenades bouncing) (water splashes) (classical uplifting music) So now we're both about 15 feet away, except I'm on land with a grenade on land, and Kevin is in the water with a grenade in the water.
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So the question is, which one of us has a better chance of survival?
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Take a moment to decide, do you dive on the pool deck or jump in the pool?
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We both had very different theories for survival.
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So as firm believers in the scientific method, we decided to test out our hypotheses.
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So we devised some experiments.
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But before I get to those, I think it's important to understand how a grenade actually works.
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So once you pull the pin, as long as you keep this handle pushed down, you're perfectly safe.
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But as soon as you let go of the grenade, this handle springs off which releases a spring loaded striker that hits a percussion cap that starts a five second fuse that you can't do anything to stop.
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And I never really thought about it until I made this video but the reason you see a waffle pattern in grenades is to create weak points in the shell.
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So that's where it's going to break first.
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And since there are 40 bumps, this grenade is basically an explosion that shoots 40 bullets in all directions.
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In warfare, that's what makes them lethal.
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So the best strategy is to get as far as possible in a few seconds, and then hit the deck with your feet facing towards the grenade.
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This presents the smallest possible target for a flying grenade chunk to hit.
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So 15 feet away.
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Mathematically, that puts my chances of getting hit at less than 1%.
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But things are even better for Kevin in the pool.
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It's been well documented that bullets do not travel far in water at all.
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The drag force is so high, they just disintegrate after a few feet.
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So he has a 0% chance of getting injured by a grenade fragment in the water.
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But we are thorough men of science and we wanted more information.
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So we designed an experiment where we filled three balloons, half with water and half with air to roughly mimic the human body, which is mostly water, but we have pockets of air in our lungs, intestines, in our sinuses, in our ears, and then we subjected them to identical explosions, identical distances apart in both air (shot fires) and water.
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(shot fires) As you can see, there isn't much effect on land, because air is compressible, which helps dissipate energy, plus the blast wave reflects around objects.
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But in water, the story is different.
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Water is incompressible, which means not only is the blast wave not dissipated, but it passes right through your mostly water body.
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So the air in these balloons represents the air in your body, like your lungs and your sinuses.
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So basically what's happening is the blast wave is pushing in on you, but the air cavities can't push back with the same force, since they're filled with compressible air, that means they move a lot really quickly, which causes permanent damage.
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As a control, you could see this balloon that is filled with just water.
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It is perfectly fine.
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That would be like your arms and legs, which have no air in them, and they are basically incompressible like water, and would be fine.
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An explosion underwater is sort of like the silver ball things.
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So this represents the initial energy of the blast, which then comes down and passes through the incompressible water, and then comes out without losing any energy at the water surface.
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But now your squishable lungs are surrounded by incompressible water in the path of the blast wave.
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And so when the blast happens, there's a lot of relative motion, which is bad if you like your lungs the way they are right now.
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And sadly, our experiment is verified in real life.
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So these jerks throw an M80 into the water, and you can see the devastating effect it has.
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On land, if a bird were that close to an M80, it would be startled, but it would be perfectly fine.
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So now that you know, think back, which did you choose?
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While it's true, there is a small chance you would get unlucky with the grenade chunk if you chose to dive next to me.
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If you chose to join Kevin, you will be in that pool for the rest of your life.
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(upbeat video game music) So huge thanks to the backyard scientist for dying in the name of science.
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If you've never seen his stuff, you just have to check it out.
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Here's a video we just finished filming.
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- It's a bunch of which is a non-Newtonian fluid, and we destroyed it in every way imaginable.
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- It's incredible footage.
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His channel is full of this type of junk.
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So check it out, subscribe, and as always, thanks for watching.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики уровня B2 построен на видео «How to Survive a Grenade Blast». Чаще всего повторяются слова: grenade, blast, incompressible, lungs, Kevin. В этом видео 53 предложений и 886 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 4:55. Говорящий говорит быстро, около 180 слов в минуту, поэтому звуки часто сливаются и сокращаются. 82% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| grenade существительное | /ɡɹəˈneɪd/ | грана́та, лимо́нка |
| lung существительное | /ˈlʌŋ/ | лёгкое |
| balloon существительное | /bəˈlun/ | возду́шный шар |
| sinus существительное | /ˈsaɪ.nəs/ | па́зуха |
| chunk существительное | /t͡ʃʌŋk/ | кусо́к |
| splash глагол | /splæʃ/ | плеска́ться, бры́згаться |
| backyard существительное | /bækˈjɑːd/ | за́дний двор |
| dive глагол | /daɪv/ | ныря́ть, нырну́ть |
| alligator существительное | /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɚ/ | аллига́тор |
| devastate глагол | /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/ | опустоша́ть, опустоши́ть |
| devise глагол | /dɪˈvaɪz/ | разраба́тывать, разрабо́тать |
| disintegrate глагол | /dɪsˈɪntɪɡɹeɪt/ | разлага́ться, разложи́ться |
| imaginable прилагательное | /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnəbəl/ | вообрази́мый |
| injure глагол | /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ/ | ра́нить, пора́нить |
| intestine существительное | /ɪnˈtɛs.tɪn/ | кишка́, кише́чник |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| come down глагол | спуска́ться, спусти́ться | |
| come out глагол | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | выходи́ть, вы́йти |
| go ahead глагол | /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ | дава́й, приступа́йте |
| think back глагол | вспоминать |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | is filled · are surrounded · is verified |
| Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете | body, which is · incompressible, which means · legs, which have |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 13 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например we're, can't, gonna. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «th»: lethal /ˈliː.θəl/, hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/, thorough /ˈθʌɹoʊ/
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: splash /splæʃ/, percussion /pɚˈkʌʃən/, squishable /ˈskwɪʃəbəl/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: alligator /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɚ/, disintegrate /dɪsˈɪntɪɡɹeɪt/, imaginable /ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪnəbəl/, hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/, underwater /ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- /w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: squishable /ˈskwɪʃəbəl/, waffle /ˈwɑf.əl/, underwater /ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/, warfare /ˈwɔɹfɛɹ/
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: grenade /ɡɹəˈneɪd/, backyard /bækˈjɑːd/, dive /daɪv/, devise /dɪˈvaɪz/, fuse /fjuːz/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как grenade, lung, balloon.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.