쉐도잉 연습: The best thing to do for your brain | David Eagleman on The TED Interview - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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35 문장
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What advice would you give to someone who's, I don't know, in their 40s, 50s, 60s, 70s, 80s?
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Like how, what should we do to be the best stewards of our brains?
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I'll tell you, it's so easy.
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It's to seek novelty, it's to seek challenge.
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So the key is for most people as they get older, they, you know, whatever, their lives shrink,
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they watch Jerry Springer, they do whatever they do.
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But the key is challenging stuff.
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So there's this study that's been going on for decades.
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You may know about this called the Religious Orders Study, where a whole bunch of nuns in convents volunteered to give their brains upon their death.
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So what happened is the researchers started examining these histological samples
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and realized that some fraction of these nuns had Alzheimer's disease
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and their brains were physically getting chewed up with the Alzheimer's and yet nobody knew it when they were alive.
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They just weren't showing the cognitive deficits.
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Okay, so they do a big understanding that, What was going on was they lived in the convents till the day they died.
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They had social interaction.
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They had chores and responsibilities.
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They played games, they had conversations, they were doing all kinds of stuff.
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And as a result, even though their brain was physically degenerating with the ravages of the disease, they were building new bridges,
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new roadways all the time.
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And as a result, they were able to essentially fight back against the degeneration of the tissue.
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This is the important thing is to always seek challenges.
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Go ahead.
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I was going to say, is it challenges that themselves vary?
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So if someone finds doing a crossword challenging, but they do it every day and keep doing it, is that good or is that actually,
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or playing bridge every week or something like that, or is it actually much better to mix that up
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and actually know I'm going to travel to a new place and whatever.
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As soon as you get good at the crossword puzzles, you got to drop that and do something that's hard.
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The key is to be between the levels of frustrating but achievable.
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And that's where you always want to keep yourself in life.
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And as long as you're there, as long as you're there, you're doing the best thing you can do for your way.
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I mean, this is, I'm not- You're between frustrating and achievable.
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You're always frustrated and never achieving.
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That's to say.
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Yeah, it's funny because there's so much that we know, you know, so much stuff pouring out in neuroscience labs, but this is still the key,
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the single piece of advice really that we have for putting off dementia.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “The best thing to do for your brain”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: brain, key, seek, challenge, whatever. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 35개와 단어 457개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 2:27입니다. 화자는 분당 약 186단어로 빠르게 말하므로 연음과 약하게 발음되는 소리가 많습니다. 단어의 85%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| nun 명사 | /nʌn/ | 수녀, 비구니 |
| tissue 명사 | /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/ | 조직 |
| interaction 명사 | /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/ | 상호작용 |
| volunteer 명사 | /ˌvɑlənˈtɪɹ/ | 지원자, 볼런티어 |
| examine 동사 | /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ | 검사하다, 조사하다 |
| pour 동사 | /poɹ/ | 붓다 |
| deficit 명사 | /ˈdɛfəsɪt/ | 적자 |
| fraction 명사 | /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/ | 분수 |
| puzzle 명사 | /ˈpʌzəl/ | 난제, 난문 |
| researcher 명사 | /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ | 연구원, 연구자 |
| dementia 명사 | /dɪˈmɛnʃə/ | 치매 |
| chew 동사 | /tʃuː/ | 깨물다, 씹다 |
| novelty 명사 | /ˈnɑvəlti/ | 신기함 |
| crossword 명사 | /ˈkɹɒswɜː(ɹ)d/ | 십자말, 크로스워드 |
| chore 명사 | /t͡ʃoɹ/ | 가사, 허드렛일 |
따라 말해 볼 만한 문장
영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:
- I'll tell you, it's so easy.
- I was going to say, is it challenges that themselves vary?
- You're always frustrated and never achieving.
주의할 발음
화자는 you're, I'm, don't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 10번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, tissue /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/, dementia /dɪˈmɛnʃə/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, achievable /əˈt͡ʃivəbəl/, degenerate /dɪˈd͡ʒɛnəɹɪt/, degeneration /dɪˌdʒɛnəˈɹeɪʃən/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: physically /ˈfɪz.ɪ.kli/, deficit /ˈdɛfəsɪt/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/, frustrate /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/
- /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: volunteer /ˌvɑlənˈtɪɹ/, vary /ˈvɛəɹi/, cognitive /ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.tɪv/, novelty /ˈnɑvəlti/, achievable /əˈt͡ʃivəbəl/
- /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: physically /ˈfɪz.ɪ.kli/, examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/, puzzle /ˈpʌzəl/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, nun, tissue, interaction 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.