쉐도잉 연습: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Dome Structures - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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In 2005, Hurricane Katrina devastated the city of New Orleans, destroying over a million buildings.

In 2008, a gigantic earthquake measuring 8 .0 on the Richter scale struck Sichuan in China,

leaving close to 5 million people homeless.

But had the structures in either location been built differently, much of the damage might have been prevented, Jim Carter reports.

According to a United Nations report, the number of severe natural disasters has been steadily increasing, along with the number of people affected by them.

Growing urbanization worldwide has brought with it an urgent demand for quickly built,

affordable housing, and building standards have suffered as a result.

But poor construction is only one of the reasons that so many homes are lost in such disasters.

Apparently, the square or rectangular shape of most buildings is far from ideal in areas prone to earthquakes, hurricanes, or tornadoes.

Here to tell us why is architect Francis Newberry.

The square and the rectangle are in no way as stable as the dome in terms of construction.

In fact, if more structures in earthquake zones were dome -shaped, billions of dollars could be saved, not to mention countless lives.

And this has been borne out by numerous examples over time.

For centuries, indigenous peoples in Mongolia have lived in yurts, dome -shaped structures which can withstand the earthquakes,

severe blizzards, and dust storms of Central Asia.

Perhaps a more familiar example is the Pantheon in Rome,

which was built around 126 AD in one of the most seismically active regions of Europe.

It has proved remarkably resilient during the earthquakes and tremors that have rocked the region for centuries, making it the best -preserved building from ancient Rome.

Yet, despite such examples, it was only in the second half of the 20th century that dome -shaped homes,

schools, and even churches began to appear sporadically in America.

especially in the infamous

Tornado Alley area of the central

United States, where more and more inhabitants are switching to dome architecture for increased security.

You mentioned that a dome can withstand extreme weather conditions and even earthquakes.

But what is it about this particular shape that makes it inherently stable?

Well, one factor that makes it especially stable compared to a conventional building is that any pressure, such as ground movement from an earthquake,

is absorbed equally by all points of the structure.

Another factor is the physical geometry of a building, which determines how resistant it is to high winds.

Picture a dome.

It has a perfectly curved surface, so wind flows smoothly around it rather than getting caught on angled walls

and corners as it does on a square building, for example.

Consequently, domes have been built to house and protect radar towers in Antarctica, where winds can reach speeds of over 185 miles an hour.

And the same things that make a dome safe also make it cost -effective in terms of building.

A sphere has less surface area than a rectangle, which reduces material and construction costs considerably.

Furthermore, all that freely circulating air in the open space interior makes heating and cooling an easier proposition, requiring less fuel.

Thus, domes are more economical and better for the environment, too.

So it's virtually indestructible, cost -effective, and eco -friendly.

With benefits like these, it's surprising that the dome is still not the prototypical housing structure, especially in areas of extreme weather.

But as energy costs soar and natural disasters begin to occur with greater frequency, the dome home may yet become a familiar sight.

Number 1.

What has contributed to the large numbers of homeless people following natural disasters?

Number two.

Why does Frances Newberry mention structures called yurts?

Number three.

Where are domes being built to protect local residents?

Number 4.

What is one reason for the dome's stability?

Number 5.

What could cause an increase in the construction of domes?

Number one, what has contributed to the large numbers of homeless people following natural disasters?

Growing urbanization worldwide has brought with it an urgent demand for quickly built,

affordable housing, and building standards have suffered as a result.

But poor construction is only one of the reasons that so many homes are lost in such disasters.

Number 2.

Why does Francis Newberry mention structures called yurts?

For centuries, indigenous peoples in Mongolia have lived in yurts, dome -shaped structures which can withstand the earthquakes,

severe blizzards, and dust storms of Central Asia.

Number 3.

Where are domes being built to protect local residents?

Yet, despite such examples, it was only in the second half of the 20th century that dome -shaped homes,

schools, and even churches began to appear sporadically in America, especially in the infamous

Tornado Alley area of the central

United States, where more and more inhabitants are switching to dome architecture for increased security.

number four what is one reason for the dome's stability

well one factor that makes it especially stable compared to a conventional building is

that any pressure such as ground movement from an earthquake is absorbed equally by all points of the structure and the same things

that make a dome safe number five also make

it cost effective in terms of A sphere has less surface area than a rectangle, which reduces material and construction costs considerably.

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같은 채널

FOR YOU

이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “TOEFL Listening Practice”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: dome, earthquake, structure, built, disasters. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 68개와 단어 873개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 7:53입니다. 화자는 분당 약 111단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속하는 단어가 76%뿐이라 어휘가 어려운 편입니다.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
dome 명사	/dəʊm/	돔
earthquake 명사	/ˈɝθkweɪk/	지진
disaster 명사	/dɪˈzɑːs.təː/	재난, 재앙
stable 명사	/ˈsteɪ.bəl/	마구간, 축사
tornado 명사	/tɔɹˈneɪ.doʊ/	폭풍, 토네이도
withstand 동사	/wɪðˈstænd/	맞서다, 버티다
compare 동사	/kəmˈpɛɚ/	비교하다, 비유하다
suffer 동사	/ˈsʌfɚ/	괴로와하다, 시달리다
architecture 명사	/ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/	건축, 건축학
dust 명사	/dʌst/	먼지, 흙
resident 명사	/ˈɹɛzɪdənt/	주민, 거주자
affordable 형용사	/əˈfɔɹ.də.bəl/	알맞은, 적당한
urgent 형용사	/ˈɜː.d͡ʒənt/	긴급한
sphere 명사	/sfɪɚ/	구체
infamous 형용사	/ˈɪn.fə.məs/	악명 높은

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	has been · has brought · have suffered
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	been built · are lost · could be saved
관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보	structures which can

주의할 발음

“th” 소리: earthquake /ˈɝθkweɪk/, withstand /wɪðˈstænd/, furthermore /ˈfɜː(ɹ).ðə(ɹ)ˌmɔː(ɹ)/, smoothly /ˈsmuːðli/
“sh”와 “zh” 소리: conventional /kənˈvɛnʃənl̩/, proposition /ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: architecture /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/, stability /stəˈbɪlɪti/, affordable /əˈfɔɹ.də.bəl/, indigenous /ɪnˈdɪd͡ʒənəs/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

/f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: suffer /ˈsʌfɚ/, affordable /əˈfɔɹ.də.bəl/, sphere /sfɪɚ/, infamous /ˈɪn.fə.məs/, frequency /ˈfɹiːkwənsi/
/v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: conventional /kənˈvɛnʃənl̩/, virtually /ˈvɚ.t͡ʃə.wə.li/, preserve /pɹəˈzɝv/, curve /kɚv/, devastated /ˈdɛv.əˌsteɪ.təd/
/z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: disaster /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/, resident /ˈɹɛzɪdənt/, blizzard /ˈblɪz.ɚd/, preserve /pɹəˈzɝv/, resistant /ɹəˈzɪstənt/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, dome, earthquake, disaster 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

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쉐도잉 연습: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Dome Structures - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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