쉐도잉 연습: Walls and Moats Won't Save You. Innovation Will. - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

연습 모드 선택

각 모드는 전체 화면 연습실로 열립니다.

56 문장

문장이 너무 짧거나 길면 Edit를 눌러 조정하세요.

1453. An army approaches Constantinople.

If you're inside the walls of Constantinople, you probably feel okay, because after all, those walls had stood for more than a thousand years.

There's a literal moat that goes around the city.

Once you get past the moat, you get to two sets of walls, each 18 feet thick.

Those walls were impenetrable before.

Saltpeter, sulfur, charcoal, Three ingredients that, when combined in the right way, created gunpowder.

First identified in about 142.

1 ,300 years later, a mysterious figure named Orban appears.

He goes to the people inside the walls, the Byzantine Empire, and says, I can sell you something that will protect your city.

The Byzantine Empire passes.

Orban goes to the Ottoman Empire that is seeking to sack the city and makes the same proposition they say yes.

Imagine how it felt.

Walls

that had stood for a thousand years faced the onslaught of a half -ton cannonball flung over the distance of a mile.

The wall shattered.

The city fell in 47 days.

Disruption changes everything.

The question you have to ask in modern times is what is the moat

that we have that we built yesterday that might protect us today but will be powerless against the disruptions in the future.

Why is it that market leaders pass on disruptive innovations?

Well, when you first see a disruptive innovation, it looks really different.

It looks unfamiliar and therefore it's pretty easy to discount it.

If you're inside walls that had stood for a thousand years and you see this unproven cannon present in front of you,

you don't fully understand it.

You don't fully see its use.

You're used to horses.

You're used to cavalry.

You're used to arrows.

Those are things that had worked for a very long period of time.

It's only once you see the full demonstration of the power of the disruption that you really, truly get it.

Why historically have disruptive innovations tended to start with upstarts?

Well, Bob Dylan put it pretty well, when you ain't got nothing, you got nothing to lose.

A market leader sees downside.

They see risks.

They see threats.

Somebody who is an upstart sees nothing but gain and possibility.

So therefore, it's pretty natural that an upstart will go and gravitate to following a new disruptive approach.

And the research shows that's a smart thing to do.

If you try to take on the incumbent in a battle

that they are used to playing and you try to do it better, they're going to beat you most of the time.

Clay Christensen called that a sustaining innovation battle.

If you try to take them on with a very different form of battle, you've got a much greater chance of winning.

So it's natural that if you don't go and counteract these forces, the upstart's going to see it and jump all over it.

The incumbent's going to hesitate and pause.

When you look at a new innovation, it always feels like there's risk involved.

So you have to make a decision.

Am I going to put a dollar, euro, rupee, whatever, into this innovation or that innovation?

One of the big challenges a market leader has is a comparison.

Should I spend that unit of resource making today better or should I spend it making tomorrow different?

If you're a company that's got nothing, you only think about what do I do that's going to have the maximum impact.

You look for the most exciting things, the things with the most potential.

Your resources naturally allocate towards the disruption.

This is the rational part of the innovator's dilemma.

Left unchecked, the resource allocation process inside an organization will direct everything to the known,

to the proven, to the things that appear to be safe, not recognizing that you're actually taking a risk by not taking a risk,

by leaving yourself susceptible to somebody who comes at you with a disruptive innovation.

앱 다운로드

유창하게 말하는 데 필요한 모든 것

AI 발음 평가문장마다 점수 확인

IPA 발음 연습모든 소리 마스터

단어 학습나만의 단어장 만들기

단어 게임놀면서 외우기

QR 스캔

Download on theApp Store Get it onGoogle Play

같은 채널

FOR YOU

이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “Walls and Moats Won't Save You. Innovation Will”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: innovation, walls, disruptive, disruption, risk. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 51개와 단어 656개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 4:12입니다. 화자는 분당 약 156단어로, 일상 대화에 가까운 자연스러운 속도로 말합니다. 단어의 82%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
innovation 명사	/ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/	혁신
resource 명사	/ɹɪˈzɔːs/	자원
thick 형용사	/θɪk/	두껍다
discount 명사	/ˈdɪskaʊnt/	할인
clay 명사	/kleɪ/	찰흙, 점토
mysterious 형용사	/mɪˈstɪɹi.əs/	신비(神秘)하다
arrow 명사	/ˈæɹəʊ/	화살
combine 동사	/kəmˈbaɪn/	조합하다, 결합하다
canon 명사	/ˈkæn.ən/	캐논
euro 명사	/ˈjʊɹoʊ/	유로
demonstration 명사	/dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/	논증, 론증
rational 형용사	/ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/	합리적
pause 명사	/pɔːz/	멈춤, 휴지
sack 명사	/sæk/	자루
proposition 명사	/ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/	제안

주의할 발음

화자는 you're, don't, ain't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 13번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

“sh”와 “zh” 소리: innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, disruption /dɪsˈɹʌpʃən/, demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/, rational /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/, proposition /ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, mysterious /mɪˈstɪɹi.əs/, historically /hɪˈstɔɹɪkli/, demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

/f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: unfamiliar /ˌʌnfəˈmɪli.ə(ɹ)/, fling /ˈflɪŋ/, sulfur /ˈsʌl.fə/
/v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, cavalry /ˈkæ.vəl.ɹi/, disruptive /dɪsˈɹʌptɪv/, gravitate /ˈɡɹævɪteɪt/
/z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/, pause /pɔːz/, proposition /ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/, hesitate /ˈhɛz.ə.teɪt/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, innovation, resource, thick 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →

쉐도잉 연습: Walls and Moats Won't Save You. Innovation Will. - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

연습 모드 선택

앱 다운로드

같은 채널

Leading with Courage in an Age of Uncertainty

Fighting Workaholism: You Are Not a Success Machine

Deliver Hard News with Compassion

You Need to Be Bored. Here's Why.

Leisure's Not a Luxury. It's a Requirement for Top Leaders

How to Find a Mentor Who Can Accelerate Your Career | Christine vs. Work

Turn Anxiety into Action

Stand Out in a Job Interview | The Harvard Business Review Guide

How to Be Creative on Demand

Commander's Intent Enables Great Leadership

The Five Competitive Forces That Shape Strategy

What Makes a Great Leader?

If Your Team Never Fails, It Isn’t Learning

Can Work Make You Happy? Should It?

Use Strategic Thinking to Create the Life You Want

How AI Is Changing Strategy—and 4 Skills Leaders Need Next

A Smarter Way to Delegate: What to Keep vs. What to Hand Off

Identity Crisis: Why Defining Yourself by Your Career Is a Problem

Lean Into Imposter Syndrome, Don't Give In to It

A Plan Is Not a Strategy

추천 영상

“Optimization” Is Destroying Humanity

The Intelligent Investor in 31 Minutes | Animated Book Summary

The Only SaaS Moats Left in 2026

Stop Playing Small. Go All In.

ZERO TO ONE by Peter Thiel | Core Message

Why you can't quit social media (and the Romans knew it)

This 19th Century Cure For Brain Rot Will Make You Unstoppable

Reinventing construction: Seven ways forward

Seinfeld's Genius Advice for Success in the AI Age

Bill Ackman: Is Permanent Capital an Investor’s Biggest Edge? | Podcast | In Good Company

이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

주의할 발음

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법