Shadowing Practice: This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect - Learn English Speaking with Video
Les maken...
1
This video is in 3D.
2
Really, it is.
3
If you get a pair of sunglasses and you just cover your right eye, you should see a 3D effect.
4
I mean, assuming both your eyes work, obviously.
5
Sorry, if they don't.
6
The effect will work best on a big, bright screen, in a bright room, wearing dark sunglasses, and if your device is playing this at a high frame rate.
7
If you're just kind of lying in bed, squinting and holding your phone out, it probably won't work.
8
Also, you'd look ridiculous.
9
Normal 3D video works by sending a different picture to each eye.
10
Those two simultaneous images, one for the left eye, one for the right, are called a stereo pair, and they simulate what you would see with two eyes.
11
So, you display two images on the same screen at the same time, and then you use filters to show only one to each eye.
12
And that might be using a red and blue image in coloured filters, or weird tech glasses where each lens goes opaque 60 times a second, or, in a modern cinema,
13
glasses that filter using polarized light.
14
But because there have to be two separate images on the same screen at the same time, for anyone not wearing those glasses, it's a confusing mess.
15
But this video here works as a normal 2D video as well, at the same time, and the reason is something called the Pulfric effect,
16
named after Karl Pulfric, the German optometrist who first documented it in the early 20th century.
17
Your eyes and brain take a little bit longer to process dark images than light ones.
18
Now exactly how long depends on the relative brightness of the images, but usually roughly around the length of one frame of video,
19
which is pretty useful for something first noted nearly a century ago.
20
If you put dark sunglasses over your right eye, then the image from that eye will get delayed by about one frame on its way through your brain.
21
So you end up seeing two different images, one frame apart, in time.
22
But that's not enough to create a stereo pair on its own.
23
The other ingredient is the bizarre, nausea -inducing, moving camera.
24
Because that camera has constantly been in motion, your right eye has been lagging behind by about one frame, just as if there was a second camera just to the right of that one,
25
giving you a separate stereo image to your right eye.
26
Now, that's a stereo pair, so if we stop the camera rotating, the effect disappears and everyone can take a breath.
27
That also works by moving the objects in the frame.
28
That's why, earlier, the cutaways I used had constantly moving backgrounds.
29
And sure, it's not perfect 3D, but your brain fills in the gaps.
30
The Pulp Rik effect works well enough that it's been used for TV shows occasionally and for a couple of video games.
31
In the 90s, the BBC had a special series of 3D shows for a charity telethon, including one of the worst Doctor Who productions ever made.
32
Who's that terrible woman?
33
But if you look at it, in every shot, something in the foreground moves left to right, and something in the background moves right to left, constantly.
34
So because every camera shot has to be carefully planned, and in constant motion, you won't see Pulp Frick Effect videos in the cinema any time soon,
35
it isn't practical for anything more than quick, short gimmicks.
36
Gimmicks like this video.
37
You can take the sunglasses off.
38
One take!
39
One take!
40
Wait, did I go the right way there?
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles op niveau B2 is gebaseerd op de video “This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: eye, image, frame, effect, camera. Deze video bevat 40 zinnen en 611 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 3:29. De spreker praat in een natuurlijk tempo van ongeveer 175 woorden per minuut, dicht bij een alledaags gesprek. 85% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden; de rest kun je beter vooraf bekijken.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
De 15 moeilijkste woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| sunglasses zelfstandig naamwoord | zonnebril | |
| cinema zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈsɪn.ə.mə/ | bioscoop, cinema |
| foreground zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈfɔː(ɹ)ˌɡɹaʊnd/ | voorgrond |
| opaque bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /əʊˈpeɪk/ | opaak, ondoorschijnend |
| optometrist zelfstandig naamwoord | /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/ | oogarts, optometrist |
| squint werkwoord | /skwɪnt/ | loensen |
| simultaneous bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/ | gelijktijdig, simultaan |
| nausea zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈnɔzi.ə/ | misselijkheid |
| induce werkwoord | /ɪnˈduːs/ | opwekken, veroorzaken |
| brightness zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈbɹaɪtnəs/ | glans, helderheid |
| rotate werkwoord | /ˈɹoʊ.teɪt/ | roteren, ronddraaien |
| confuse werkwoord | /kənˈfjuːz/ | verwarren, in de war brengen |
| ingredient zelfstandig naamwoord | /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ | ingrediënt |
| bizarre bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /bɪˈzɑː(ɹ)/ | bizar |
| disappear werkwoord | /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/ | verdwijnen, verzwinden |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Betekenis |
|---|---|
| end up werkwoord | belanden, terechtkomen |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 6 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals won't, don't, isn't. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: optometrist /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/, simultaneous /ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: foreground /ˈfɔː(ɹ)ˌɡɹaʊnd/, polarize /ˈpəʊ.lə.ɹaɪz/, lag /læɡ/, confuse /kənˈfjuːz/, lens /lɛnz/
- /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: gimmick /ˈɡɪm.ɪk/, foreground /ˈfɔː(ɹ)ˌɡɹaʊnd/, lag /læɡ/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/
- /w/ — met ronde lippen: cutaway /ˈkʌtəweɪ/, squint /skwɪnt/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Begin op 0,75× snelheid, spreek zin voor zin na en ga terug naar normale snelheid zodra het makkelijk gaat.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als sunglasses, cinema, foreground.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.