跟讀練習: This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect - 通過影片學習英語口語

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This video is in 3D.

Really, it is.

If you get a pair of sunglasses and you just cover your right eye, you should see a 3D effect.

I mean, assuming both your eyes work, obviously.

Sorry, if they don't.

The effect will work best on a big, bright screen, in a bright room, wearing dark sunglasses, and if your device is playing this at a high frame rate.

If you're just kind of lying in bed, squinting and holding your phone out, it probably won't work.

Also, you'd look ridiculous.

Normal 3D video works by sending a different picture to each eye.

Those two simultaneous images, one for the left eye, one for the right, are called a stereo pair, and they simulate what you would see with two eyes.

So, you display two images on the same screen at the same time, and then you use filters to show only one to each eye.

And that might be using a red and blue image in coloured filters, or weird tech glasses where each lens goes opaque 60 times a second, or, in a modern cinema,

glasses that filter using polarized light.

But because there have to be two separate images on the same screen at the same time, for anyone not wearing those glasses, it's a confusing mess.

But this video here works as a normal 2D video as well, at the same time, and the reason is something called the Pulfric effect,

named after Karl Pulfric, the German optometrist who first documented it in the early 20th century.

Your eyes and brain take a little bit longer to process dark images than light ones.

Now exactly how long depends on the relative brightness of the images, but usually roughly around the length of one frame of video,

which is pretty useful for something first noted nearly a century ago.

If you put dark sunglasses over your right eye, then the image from that eye will get delayed by about one frame on its way through your brain.

So you end up seeing two different images, one frame apart, in time.

But that's not enough to create a stereo pair on its own.

The other ingredient is the bizarre, nausea -inducing, moving camera.

Because that camera has constantly been in motion, your right eye has been lagging behind by about one frame, just as if there was a second camera just to the right of that one,

giving you a separate stereo image to your right eye.

Now, that's a stereo pair, so if we stop the camera rotating, the effect disappears and everyone can take a breath.

That also works by moving the objects in the frame.

That's why, earlier, the cutaways I used had constantly moving backgrounds.

And sure, it's not perfect 3D, but your brain fills in the gaps.

The Pulp Rik effect works well enough that it's been used for TV shows occasionally and for a couple of video games.

In the 90s, the BBC had a special series of 3D shows for a charity telethon, including one of the worst Doctor Who productions ever made.

Who's that terrible woman?

But if you look at it, in every shot, something in the foreground moves left to right, and something in the background moves right to left, constantly.

So because every camera shot has to be carefully planned, and in constant motion, you won't see Pulp Frick Effect videos in the cinema any time soon,

it isn't practical for anything more than quick, short gimmicks.

Gimmicks like this video.

You can take the sunglasses off.

One take!

Wait, did I go the right way there?

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節 B2 級別的口語課以影片“This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：eye, image, frame, effect, camera。這段影片共有 40 個句子、611 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 3:29。說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 175 個詞，接近日常對話。 85% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
sunglasses 名詞		太陽眼鏡 /太陽眼鏡, 太陽鏡 /太陽鏡
stereo 名詞	/ˈstɛəɹ.i.oʊ/	立體聲 /立體聲
gimmick 名詞	/ˈɡɪm.ɪk/	噱頭 /噱頭
cinema 名詞	/ˈsɪn.ə.mə/	電影院 /電影院, 影院
foreground 名詞	/ˈfɔː(ɹ)ˌɡɹaʊnd/	前景
opaque 形容詞	/əʊˈpeɪk/	不透明
optometrist 名詞	/ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/	驗光師 /驗光師
simulate 動詞	/ˈsɪm.jə.lət/	模擬
squint 動詞	/skwɪnt/	眯, 眯縫
simultaneous 形容詞	/ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/	同時 /同時
nausea 名詞	/ˈnɔzi.ə/	噁心 /噁心
brightness 名詞	/ˈbɹaɪtnəs/	明亮
rotate 動詞	/ˈɹoʊ.teɪt/	旋轉, 轉動
lag 動詞	/læɡ/	落後 /落後, 跟不上
confuse 動詞	/kənˈfjuːz/	讓……困惑 /讓……困惑

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	釋義
end up 動詞	到達

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 6 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 won't, don't, isn't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

長單詞——注意重音位置: optometrist /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/, simultaneous /ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: gimmick /ˈɡɪm.ɪk/, foreground /ˈfɔː(ɹ)ˌɡɹaʊnd/, opaque /əʊˈpeɪk/, optometrist /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/, polarize /ˈpəʊ.lə.ɹaɪz/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 sunglasses, stereo, gimmick 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect - 通過影片學習英語口語

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