Pratica di Shadowing: This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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1
This video is in 3D.
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Really, it is.
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If you get a pair of sunglasses and you just cover your right eye, you should see a 3D effect.
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I mean, assuming both your eyes work, obviously.
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Sorry, if they don't.
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The effect will work best on a big, bright screen, in a bright room, wearing dark sunglasses, and if your device is playing this at a high frame rate.
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If you're just kind of lying in bed, squinting and holding your phone out, it probably won't work.
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Also, you'd look ridiculous.
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Normal 3D video works by sending a different picture to each eye.
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Those two simultaneous images, one for the left eye, one for the right, are called a stereo pair, and they simulate what you would see with two eyes.
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So, you display two images on the same screen at the same time, and then you use filters to show only one to each eye.
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And that might be using a red and blue image in coloured filters, or weird tech glasses where each lens goes opaque 60 times a second, or, in a modern cinema,
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glasses that filter using polarized light.
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But because there have to be two separate images on the same screen at the same time, for anyone not wearing those glasses, it's a confusing mess.
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But this video here works as a normal 2D video as well, at the same time, and the reason is something called the Pulfric effect,
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named after Karl Pulfric, the German optometrist who first documented it in the early 20th century.
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Your eyes and brain take a little bit longer to process dark images than light ones.
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Now exactly how long depends on the relative brightness of the images, but usually roughly around the length of one frame of video,
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which is pretty useful for something first noted nearly a century ago.
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If you put dark sunglasses over your right eye, then the image from that eye will get delayed by about one frame on its way through your brain.
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So you end up seeing two different images, one frame apart, in time.
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But that's not enough to create a stereo pair on its own.
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The other ingredient is the bizarre, nausea -inducing, moving camera.
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Because that camera has constantly been in motion, your right eye has been lagging behind by about one frame, just as if there was a second camera just to the right of that one,
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giving you a separate stereo image to your right eye.
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Now, that's a stereo pair, so if we stop the camera rotating, the effect disappears and everyone can take a breath.
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That also works by moving the objects in the frame.
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That's why, earlier, the cutaways I used had constantly moving backgrounds.
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And sure, it's not perfect 3D, but your brain fills in the gaps.
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The Pulp Rik effect works well enough that it's been used for TV shows occasionally and for a couple of video games.
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In the 90s, the BBC had a special series of 3D shows for a charity telethon, including one of the worst Doctor Who productions ever made.
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Who's that terrible woman?
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But if you look at it, in every shot, something in the foreground moves left to right, and something in the background moves right to left, constantly.
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So because every camera shot has to be carefully planned, and in constant motion, you won't see Pulp Frick Effect videos in the cinema any time soon,
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it isn't practical for anything more than quick, short gimmicks.
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Gimmicks like this video.
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You can take the sunglasses off.
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One take!
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One take!
40
Wait, did I go the right way there?
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione di livello B2 si basa sul video “This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: eye, image, frame, effect, camera. Questo video contiene 40 frasi e 611 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 3:29. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 175 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Il 85% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese; conviene studiare le altre prima di iniziare.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
Le 15 parole più avanzate del video, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| sunglasses sostantivo | occhiali da sole | |
| gimmick sostantivo | /ˈɡɪm.ɪk/ | trucco |
| cinema sostantivo | /ˈsɪn.ə.mə/ | cinema |
| cutaway sostantivo | /ˈkʌtəweɪ/ | spaccato |
| foreground sostantivo | /ˈfɔː(ɹ)ˌɡɹaʊnd/ | primo piano |
| opaque aggettivo | /əʊˈpeɪk/ | opaco |
| optometrist sostantivo | /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/ | optometrista |
| squint verbo | /skwɪnt/ | socchiudere gli occhi |
| simultaneous aggettivo | /ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/ | simultaneo, concomitante |
| nausea sostantivo | /ˈnɔzi.ə/ | nausea |
| induce verbo | /ɪnˈduːs/ | persuadere, incitare |
| rotate verbo | /ˈɹoʊ.teɪt/ | ruotare |
| lag verbo | /læɡ/ | rimanere indietro |
| confuse verbo | /kənˈfjuːz/ | confondere |
| ingredient sostantivo | /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ | ingrediente |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Significato |
|---|---|
| end up verbo | andare a finire, finire |
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | are called · been used · be carefully planned |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | has constantly been · it's been |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 6 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come won't, don't, isn't. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: optometrist /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/, simultaneous /ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: gimmick /ˈɡɪm.ɪk/, foreground /ˈfɔː(ɹ)ˌɡɹaʊnd/, opaque /əʊˈpeɪk/, optometrist /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/, polarize /ˈpəʊ.lə.ɹaɪz/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come sunglasses, gimmick, cinema.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.