Pratique du Shadowing: This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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40 phrases
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1
This video is in 3D.
2
Really, it is.
3
If you get a pair of sunglasses and you just cover your right eye, you should see a 3D effect.
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I mean, assuming both your eyes work, obviously.
5
Sorry, if they don't.
6
The effect will work best on a big, bright screen, in a bright room, wearing dark sunglasses, and if your device is playing this at a high frame rate.
7
If you're just kind of lying in bed, squinting and holding your phone out, it probably won't work.
8
Also, you'd look ridiculous.
9
Normal 3D video works by sending a different picture to each eye.
10
Those two simultaneous images, one for the left eye, one for the right, are called a stereo pair, and they simulate what you would see with two eyes.
11
So, you display two images on the same screen at the same time, and then you use filters to show only one to each eye.
12
And that might be using a red and blue image in coloured filters, or weird tech glasses where each lens goes opaque 60 times a second, or, in a modern cinema,
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glasses that filter using polarized light.
14
But because there have to be two separate images on the same screen at the same time, for anyone not wearing those glasses, it's a confusing mess.
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But this video here works as a normal 2D video as well, at the same time, and the reason is something called the Pulfric effect,
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named after Karl Pulfric, the German optometrist who first documented it in the early 20th century.
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Your eyes and brain take a little bit longer to process dark images than light ones.
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Now exactly how long depends on the relative brightness of the images, but usually roughly around the length of one frame of video,
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which is pretty useful for something first noted nearly a century ago.
20
If you put dark sunglasses over your right eye, then the image from that eye will get delayed by about one frame on its way through your brain.
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So you end up seeing two different images, one frame apart, in time.
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But that's not enough to create a stereo pair on its own.
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The other ingredient is the bizarre, nausea -inducing, moving camera.
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Because that camera has constantly been in motion, your right eye has been lagging behind by about one frame, just as if there was a second camera just to the right of that one,
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giving you a separate stereo image to your right eye.
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Now, that's a stereo pair, so if we stop the camera rotating, the effect disappears and everyone can take a breath.
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That also works by moving the objects in the frame.
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That's why, earlier, the cutaways I used had constantly moving backgrounds.
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And sure, it's not perfect 3D, but your brain fills in the gaps.
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The Pulp Rik effect works well enough that it's been used for TV shows occasionally and for a couple of video games.
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In the 90s, the BBC had a special series of 3D shows for a charity telethon, including one of the worst Doctor Who productions ever made.
32
Who's that terrible woman?
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But if you look at it, in every shot, something in the foreground moves left to right, and something in the background moves right to left, constantly.
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So because every camera shot has to be carefully planned, and in constant motion, you won't see Pulp Frick Effect videos in the cinema any time soon,
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it isn't practical for anything more than quick, short gimmicks.
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Gimmicks like this video.
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You can take the sunglasses off.
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One take!
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One take!
40
Wait, did I go the right way there?
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : eye, image, frame, effect, camera. Cette vidéo contient 40 phrases et 611 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 3:29. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 175 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. 85 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| sunglasses nom | lunettes de soleil | |
| stereo nom | /ˈstɛəɹ.i.oʊ/ | chaîne hi-fi |
| gimmick nom | /ˈɡɪm.ɪk/ | truc, gadget |
| cinema nom | /ˈsɪn.ə.mə/ | cinéma |
| cutaway nom | /ˈkʌtəweɪ/ | queue-de-pie |
| foreground nom | /ˈfɔː(ɹ)ˌɡɹaʊnd/ | premier plan, avant-plan |
| opaque adjectif | /əʊˈpeɪk/ | opaque |
| optometrist nom | /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/ | optométriste |
| simulate verbe | /ˈsɪm.jə.lət/ | simuler |
| squint verbe | /skwɪnt/ | plisser les yeux |
| telethon nom | /ˈtɛl.əˌθɒn/ | téléthon |
| simultaneous adjectif | /ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/ | simultané |
| nausea nom | /ˈnɔzi.ə/ | nausée |
| induce verbe | /ɪnˈduːs/ | induire |
| brightness nom | /ˈbɹaɪtnəs/ | brillance |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| end up verbe | se terminer, se finir |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | are called · been used · be carefully planned |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | has constantly been · it's been |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 6 contractions et formes réduites, comme won't, don't, isn't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: optometrist /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/, simultaneous /ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: stereo /ˈstɛəɹ.i.oʊ/, foreground /ˈfɔː(ɹ)ˌɡɹaʊnd/, optometrist /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/, polarize /ˈpəʊ.lə.ɹaɪz/, brightness /ˈbɹaɪtnəs/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme sunglasses, stereo, gimmick.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.