跟读练习: This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect - 通过视频学习英语口语

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This video is in 3D.

Really, it is.

If you get a pair of sunglasses and you just cover your right eye, you should see a 3D effect.

I mean, assuming both your eyes work, obviously.

Sorry, if they don't.

The effect will work best on a big, bright screen, in a bright room, wearing dark sunglasses, and if your device is playing this at a high frame rate.

If you're just kind of lying in bed, squinting and holding your phone out, it probably won't work.

Also, you'd look ridiculous.

Normal 3D video works by sending a different picture to each eye.

Those two simultaneous images, one for the left eye, one for the right, are called a stereo pair, and they simulate what you would see with two eyes.

So, you display two images on the same screen at the same time, and then you use filters to show only one to each eye.

And that might be using a red and blue image in coloured filters, or weird tech glasses where each lens goes opaque 60 times a second, or, in a modern cinema,

glasses that filter using polarized light.

But because there have to be two separate images on the same screen at the same time, for anyone not wearing those glasses, it's a confusing mess.

But this video here works as a normal 2D video as well, at the same time, and the reason is something called the Pulfric effect,

named after Karl Pulfric, the German optometrist who first documented it in the early 20th century.

Your eyes and brain take a little bit longer to process dark images than light ones.

Now exactly how long depends on the relative brightness of the images, but usually roughly around the length of one frame of video,

which is pretty useful for something first noted nearly a century ago.

If you put dark sunglasses over your right eye, then the image from that eye will get delayed by about one frame on its way through your brain.

So you end up seeing two different images, one frame apart, in time.

But that's not enough to create a stereo pair on its own.

The other ingredient is the bizarre, nausea -inducing, moving camera.

Because that camera has constantly been in motion, your right eye has been lagging behind by about one frame, just as if there was a second camera just to the right of that one,

giving you a separate stereo image to your right eye.

Now, that's a stereo pair, so if we stop the camera rotating, the effect disappears and everyone can take a breath.

That also works by moving the objects in the frame.

That's why, earlier, the cutaways I used had constantly moving backgrounds.

And sure, it's not perfect 3D, but your brain fills in the gaps.

The Pulp Rik effect works well enough that it's been used for TV shows occasionally and for a couple of video games.

In the 90s, the BBC had a special series of 3D shows for a charity telethon, including one of the worst Doctor Who productions ever made.

Who's that terrible woman?

But if you look at it, in every shot, something in the foreground moves left to right, and something in the background moves right to left, constantly.

So because every camera shot has to be carefully planned, and in constant motion, you won't see Pulp Frick Effect videos in the cinema any time soon,

it isn't practical for anything more than quick, short gimmicks.

Gimmicks like this video.

You can take the sunglasses off.

One take!

Wait, did I go the right way there?

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect”为素材。视频中反复出现的词有：eye, image, frame, effect, camera。这段视频共有 40 个句子、611 个单词可供跟读。讲话部分时长为 3:29。说话人语速自然，每分钟约 175 个词，接近日常对话。 85% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：

单词	发音	释义
sunglasses 名词		太陽眼鏡 /太阳眼镜, 太陽鏡 /太阳镜
stereo 名词	/ˈstɛəɹ.i.oʊ/	立體聲 /立体声
gimmick 名词	/ˈɡɪm.ɪk/	噱頭 /噱头
cinema 名词	/ˈsɪn.ə.mə/	電影院 /电影院, 影院
foreground 名词	/ˈfɔː(ɹ)ˌɡɹaʊnd/	前景
opaque 形容词	/əʊˈpeɪk/	不透明
optometrist 名词	/ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/	驗光師 /验光师
simulate 动词	/ˈsɪm.jə.lət/	模拟
squint 动词	/skwɪnt/	眯, 眯縫
simultaneous 形容词	/ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/	同時 /同时
nausea 名词	/ˈnɔzi.ə/	噁心 /恶心
brightness 名词	/ˈbɹaɪtnəs/	明亮
rotate 动词	/ˈɹoʊ.teɪt/	旋转, 转动
lag 动词	/læɡ/	落後 /落后, 跟不上
confuse 动词	/kənˈfjuːz/	讓……困惑 /让……困惑

视频中出现的短语动词

单词	释义
end up 动词	到达

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构	视频中的用法
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的	are called · been used · be carefully planned
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事	has constantly been · it's been

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 6 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 won't, don't, isn't。请按听到的简短形式来说。

长单词——注意重音位置: optometrist /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/, simultaneous /ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: gimmick /ˈɡɪm.ɪk/, foreground /ˈfɔː(ɹ)ˌɡɹaʊnd/, opaque /əʊˈpeɪk/, optometrist /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/, polarize /ˈpəʊ.lə.ɹaɪz/

如何用这段视频练习

先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 sunglasses, stereo, gimmick 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

跟读练习: This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect - 通过视频学习英语口语

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