تدريب Shadowing: This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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1
This video is in 3D.
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Really, it is.
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If you get a pair of sunglasses and you just cover your right eye, you should see a 3D effect.
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I mean, assuming both your eyes work, obviously.
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Sorry, if they don't.
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The effect will work best on a big, bright screen, in a bright room, wearing dark sunglasses, and if your device is playing this at a high frame rate.
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If you're just kind of lying in bed, squinting and holding your phone out, it probably won't work.
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Also, you'd look ridiculous.
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Normal 3D video works by sending a different picture to each eye.
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Those two simultaneous images, one for the left eye, one for the right, are called a stereo pair, and they simulate what you would see with two eyes.
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So, you display two images on the same screen at the same time, and then you use filters to show only one to each eye.
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And that might be using a red and blue image in coloured filters, or weird tech glasses where each lens goes opaque 60 times a second, or, in a modern cinema,
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glasses that filter using polarized light.
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But because there have to be two separate images on the same screen at the same time, for anyone not wearing those glasses, it's a confusing mess.
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But this video here works as a normal 2D video as well, at the same time, and the reason is something called the Pulfric effect,
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named after Karl Pulfric, the German optometrist who first documented it in the early 20th century.
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Your eyes and brain take a little bit longer to process dark images than light ones.
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Now exactly how long depends on the relative brightness of the images, but usually roughly around the length of one frame of video,
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which is pretty useful for something first noted nearly a century ago.
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If you put dark sunglasses over your right eye, then the image from that eye will get delayed by about one frame on its way through your brain.
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So you end up seeing two different images, one frame apart, in time.
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But that's not enough to create a stereo pair on its own.
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The other ingredient is the bizarre, nausea -inducing, moving camera.
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Because that camera has constantly been in motion, your right eye has been lagging behind by about one frame, just as if there was a second camera just to the right of that one,
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giving you a separate stereo image to your right eye.
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Now, that's a stereo pair, so if we stop the camera rotating, the effect disappears and everyone can take a breath.
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That also works by moving the objects in the frame.
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That's why, earlier, the cutaways I used had constantly moving backgrounds.
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And sure, it's not perfect 3D, but your brain fills in the gaps.
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The Pulp Rik effect works well enough that it's been used for TV shows occasionally and for a couple of video games.
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In the 90s, the BBC had a special series of 3D shows for a charity telethon, including one of the worst Doctor Who productions ever made.
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Who's that terrible woman?
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But if you look at it, in every shot, something in the foreground moves left to right, and something in the background moves right to left, constantly.
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So because every camera shot has to be carefully planned, and in constant motion, you won't see Pulp Frick Effect videos in the cinema any time soon,
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it isn't practical for anything more than quick, short gimmicks.
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Gimmicks like this video.
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You can take the sunglasses off.
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One take!
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One take!
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Wait, did I go the right way there?

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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

هذا الدرس في المحادثة بمستوى B2 مبني على الفيديو “This Video Is 2D And 3D Simultaneously: the Pulfrich Effect”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: eye, image, frame, effect, camera. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 40 جملة و611 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 3:29. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة طبيعية، نحو 175 كلمة في الدقيقة، قريبة من المحادثة اليومية. 85% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

أصعب 11 كلمة في الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:

الكلمةالنطقالمعنى
sunglasses اسمنَظَّارَة شَمْسِيَّة, نَظَّارَة شَمْس
cinema اسم/ˈsɪn.ə.mə/سِينَمَا
opaque صفة/əʊˈpeɪk/أَكْمَد
simulate فعل/ˈsɪm.jə.lət/قَلَّدَ
simultaneous صفة/ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/مُتَزَامِن
nausea اسم/ˈnɔzi.ə/غَثْيَان
brightness اسم/ˈbɹaɪtnəs/سُطُوع
confuse فعل/kənˈfjuːz/أَرْبَكَ, حَيَّرَ
ingredient اسم/ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/مُقَوِّم
disappear فعل/dɪsəˈpɪɹ/اِخْتَفَى
lens اسم/lɛnz/عَدَسَة

القواعد في هذا الفيديو

أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:

التركيبفي الفيديو
المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعلهare called · been used · be carefully planned
المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآنhas constantly been · it's been

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

يستخدم المتحدث 6 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل won't, don't, isn't. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.

  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: optometrist /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/, simultaneous /ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/

أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:

  • /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: opaque /əʊˈpeɪk/, optometrist /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/, polarize /ˈpəʊ.lə.ɹaɪz/, disappear /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/
  • تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: stereo /ˈstɛəɹ.i.oʊ/, foreground /ˈfɔː(ɹ)ˌɡɹaʊnd/, optometrist /ɑpˈtɑmətɹɪst/, squint /skwɪnt/, brightness /ˈbɹaɪtnəs/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل sunglasses, cinema, opaque.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تقنية الشادوينغ: اقرأ الدليل الكامل خطوة بخطوة →