Pratique du Shadowing: How many robots does it take to run a grocery store? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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This is a grocery packing warehouse in the south -east of London.
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Folks have ordered their groceries online, and instead of people walking up and down the aisles of a traditional grocery store to pick up items,
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these little devices move more than a million items every day between them.
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Instead of trying to build machines that fit into a world designed for humans, this entire facility, the size of seven football fields, is custom -built to make this as efficient as possible.
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I cannot get across on camera just how incredibly large this whole place is.
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The top speed of those boxes is about 14km an hour, and they pass within 5mm of each other when they move.
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So, how many robots are there in the hive?
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Well, that depends on how you count them.
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What you're looking at behind me is the hive.
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We've got the grid, which is the metal structure.
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It's filled with products, so that product is housed within what we call totes, or these open boxes that you can see at the top of the grid.
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We have around 2 ,300 bots and they move the stock around the warehouse
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so that we can pair it up with customer orders to be delivered.
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The bots will move in the X and Y direction.
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They can also move in the Z direction.
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So we have a cable poise system that means
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that they can lower down a gripper assembly and grab onto the stock that we have in the grid.
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In some areas we have as deep as 21 totes all in a line.
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We have sensors underneath the bot that mean
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that every time it passes over one of the squares on the grid it has a laser underneath it
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that can tell when it moves over that cell.
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So it will say I've passed a cell, I've passed a cell, I've passed a cell.
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We have around 58 ,000 different types of individual products within the grid.
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We'll use the huge amounts of data
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that we gather to understand what customers are most likely to order
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and place them in the easiest to reach locations for bots.
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All of that combined means that we can have stock into the warehouse
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and out again from our suppliers into a delivery van in just five hours.
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The robots deliver their crates over to the packing area.
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Some of that packing is done by humans, but there are mechanical arms as well.
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One of the big problems they've got to solve is
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that grocery packaging is designed for people and the interactions between all the objects they deal with can be complicated.
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Currently we're standing underneath the grid structure that we saw earlier.
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The robots that we saw are actually dropping off products to the station.
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Once they're dropped off they become in control of the robot
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and the robot decides how to pick them before the grid robot picks up the tote and takes it away again.
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There's two 3D cameras above the totes so it takes an image of the storage box before it picks from it.
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It decides on the best grasp point, confirm that the product is correct and then place it into the customer shopping
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and it's doing all of that on live customer orders.
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We make sure that we don't mix something that was heavy with something that's soft.
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There are things that the robot can't pack, things such as very, very heavy, very large, or very fragile items, but there's a lot of range in between that.
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It's fairly safe to call each individual packing arm a robot.
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Each one has a separate controller and it has to make a lot of decisions in real time, using cameras and sensors on each individual arm.
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But here in the Hive, it's not quite as simple.
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Controlling all of this is what we refer to as the Hive Mind, so this artificial intelligence system that controls everything.
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Once the stop comes in, from that exact point that it enters the system, the hive mind will track its every single movement.
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The hive mind will tell the bots exactly where they need to stop, but it is the bots control system
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that allows it to follow a movement profile and stop exactly as the hive mind expects it to.
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There's just a 5mm gap between bots, so that's both as they pass each other and if they stop next to a bot as well.
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This bot with the orange light may have experienced something within its sensors
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and all of those readings it's taking that when it feeds
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that back to the hive mind it's not quite what the hive mind was expecting
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so it just brings it to a safe stop for investigation.
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We do have a number of grid operators
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that sit at the edge of the grid
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and they're able to use our CCTV system
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that we have above the grid to look at exactly what's going on with
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that bot and they can try and fix that remotely and send commands to the bot wirelessly.
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The boundary between individual and group is a little blurry.
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Is a termite colony a collection of individuals working together, or one big super -organism?
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Is the microbiome in your gut part of you?
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Because in the last couple of decades, scientists have started to work out that the bacteria in your digestive system produce and consume neurotransmitters that affect how you think.
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But most people wouldn't consider their gut bacteria to be part of them.
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We tend to ascribe intelligence and identity to things that act at roughly our scale.
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It's easy to look at the hive, see the moving boxes, and go, OK, 2 ,000 robots.
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But with only one controller, and the boxes just following the paths they're given, I'd say there's a good argument that that is one robot with 2 ,000 ways to interact with the world.
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Thank you so much to everyone here at Ocado.
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There is a link to them and more about their technology in the description.
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Thank you.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « How many robots does it take to run a grocery store? ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : bot, hive, grid, robot, product. Cette vidéo contient 69 phrases et 1015 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 5:07. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 198 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. 83 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| grid nom | /ɡɹɪd/ | grille |
| bot nom | /bɑt/ | robot, bot |
| tote nom | /toʊt/ | tote bag |
| sensor nom | /ˈsɛn.sɚ/ | détecteur, capteur |
| warehouse nom | /ˈwɛə(ɹ)haʊs/ | entrepôt, dépôt |
| underneath adverbe | /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/ | dessous |
| bacterium nom | /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/ | bactérie |
| controller nom | /kənˈtɹoʊlɚ/ | contrôleur, manette |
| ascribe verbe | /əˈskɹaɪb/ | imputer, attribuer |
| blurry adjectif | /ˈblɜːɹi/ | flou |
| microbiome nom | microbiome | |
| neurotransmitter nom | neurotransmetteur | |
| termite nom | /ˈtɜː(ɹ).maɪt/ | termite |
| organism nom | /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/ | organisme |
| groceries nom | /ˈɡɹoʊ.s(ə.)ɹiz/ | courses, provisions |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| drop off verbe | s’endormir, tomber | |
| pick up verbe | soulever | |
| get across verbe | traverser | |
| work out verbe | /ˌwɝk ˈaʊt/ | calculer |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- What you're looking at behind me is the hive.
- We've got the grid, which is the metal structure.
- Is the microbiome in your gut part of you?
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | is housed · be delivered · is done |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | have ordered · I've passed · have started |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 15 contractions et formes réduites, comme I've, they're, can't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: hive /haɪv/, warehouse /ˈwɛə(ɹ)haʊs/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: digestive /daɪˈdʒɛstɪv/, fragile /ˈfɹæd͡ʒəl/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: grid /ɡɹɪd/, grocery /ˈɡɹəʊ.s(ə.)ɹi/, warehouse /ˈwɛə(ɹ)haʊs/, bacterium /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/, controller /kənˈtɹoʊlɚ/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme grid, bot, tote.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.