Prática de Shadowing: How many robots does it take to run a grocery store? - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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This is a grocery packing warehouse in the south -east of London.
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Folks have ordered their groceries online, and instead of people walking up and down the aisles of a traditional grocery store to pick up items,
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these little devices move more than a million items every day between them.
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Instead of trying to build machines that fit into a world designed for humans, this entire facility, the size of seven football fields, is custom -built to make this as efficient as possible.
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I cannot get across on camera just how incredibly large this whole place is.
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The top speed of those boxes is about 14km an hour, and they pass within 5mm of each other when they move.
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So, how many robots are there in the hive?
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Well, that depends on how you count them.
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What you're looking at behind me is the hive.
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We've got the grid, which is the metal structure.
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It's filled with products, so that product is housed within what we call totes, or these open boxes that you can see at the top of the grid.
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We have around 2 ,300 bots and they move the stock around the warehouse
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so that we can pair it up with customer orders to be delivered.
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The bots will move in the X and Y direction.
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They can also move in the Z direction.
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So we have a cable poise system that means
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that they can lower down a gripper assembly and grab onto the stock that we have in the grid.
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In some areas we have as deep as 21 totes all in a line.
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We have sensors underneath the bot that mean
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that every time it passes over one of the squares on the grid it has a laser underneath it
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that can tell when it moves over that cell.
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So it will say I've passed a cell, I've passed a cell, I've passed a cell.
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We have around 58 ,000 different types of individual products within the grid.
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We'll use the huge amounts of data
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that we gather to understand what customers are most likely to order
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and place them in the easiest to reach locations for bots.
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All of that combined means that we can have stock into the warehouse
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and out again from our suppliers into a delivery van in just five hours.
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The robots deliver their crates over to the packing area.
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Some of that packing is done by humans, but there are mechanical arms as well.
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One of the big problems they've got to solve is
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that grocery packaging is designed for people and the interactions between all the objects they deal with can be complicated.
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Currently we're standing underneath the grid structure that we saw earlier.
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The robots that we saw are actually dropping off products to the station.
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Once they're dropped off they become in control of the robot
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and the robot decides how to pick them before the grid robot picks up the tote and takes it away again.
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There's two 3D cameras above the totes so it takes an image of the storage box before it picks from it.
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It decides on the best grasp point, confirm that the product is correct and then place it into the customer shopping
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and it's doing all of that on live customer orders.
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We make sure that we don't mix something that was heavy with something that's soft.
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There are things that the robot can't pack, things such as very, very heavy, very large, or very fragile items, but there's a lot of range in between that.
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It's fairly safe to call each individual packing arm a robot.
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Each one has a separate controller and it has to make a lot of decisions in real time, using cameras and sensors on each individual arm.
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But here in the Hive, it's not quite as simple.
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Controlling all of this is what we refer to as the Hive Mind, so this artificial intelligence system that controls everything.
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Once the stop comes in, from that exact point that it enters the system, the hive mind will track its every single movement.
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The hive mind will tell the bots exactly where they need to stop, but it is the bots control system
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that allows it to follow a movement profile and stop exactly as the hive mind expects it to.
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There's just a 5mm gap between bots, so that's both as they pass each other and if they stop next to a bot as well.
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This bot with the orange light may have experienced something within its sensors
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and all of those readings it's taking that when it feeds
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that back to the hive mind it's not quite what the hive mind was expecting
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so it just brings it to a safe stop for investigation.
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We do have a number of grid operators
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that sit at the edge of the grid
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and they're able to use our CCTV system
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that we have above the grid to look at exactly what's going on with
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that bot and they can try and fix that remotely and send commands to the bot wirelessly.
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The boundary between individual and group is a little blurry.
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Is a termite colony a collection of individuals working together, or one big super -organism?
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Is the microbiome in your gut part of you?
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Because in the last couple of decades, scientists have started to work out that the bacteria in your digestive system produce and consume neurotransmitters that affect how you think.
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But most people wouldn't consider their gut bacteria to be part of them.
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We tend to ascribe intelligence and identity to things that act at roughly our scale.
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It's easy to look at the hive, see the moving boxes, and go, OK, 2 ,000 robots.
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But with only one controller, and the boxes just following the paths they're given, I'd say there's a good argument that that is one robot with 2 ,000 ways to interact with the world.
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Thank you so much to everyone here at Ocado.
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There is a link to them and more about their technology in the description.
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Thank you.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B2 usa o vídeo “How many robots does it take to run a grocery store?”. As palavras que mais se repetem: bot, hive, grid, robot, product. Este vídeo tem 69 frases e 1015 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 5:07. O falante fala rápido, cerca de 198 palavras por minuto, então espere sons ligados e reduzidos. 83% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| grid substantivo | /ɡɹɪd/ | matriz, quadriculado |
| bot substantivo | /bɑt/ | bot |
| tote substantivo | /toʊt/ | sacola |
| sensor substantivo | /ˈsɛn.sɚ/ | sensor |
| warehouse substantivo | /ˈwɛə(ɹ)haʊs/ | armazém |
| underneath advérbio | /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/ | abaixo |
| bacterium substantivo | /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/ | bactéria |
| controller substantivo | /kənˈtɹoʊlɚ/ | auditor, tesoureiro |
| ascribe verbo | /əˈskɹaɪb/ | atribuir |
| blurry adjetivo | /ˈblɜːɹi/ | borrado, desfocado |
| digestive adjetivo | /daɪˈdʒɛstɪv/ | digestivo |
| microbiome substantivo | microbioma | |
| neurotransmitter substantivo | neurotransmissor | |
| termite substantivo | /ˈtɜː(ɹ).maɪt/ | térmite, térmita |
| organism substantivo | /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/ | organismo |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| drop off verbo | entregar | |
| pick up verbo | pegar | |
| get across verbo | evidenciar | |
| work out verbo | /ˌwɝk ˈaʊt/ | calcular |
Frases que vale a pena repetir
Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:
- What you're looking at behind me is the hive.
- We've got the grid, which is the metal structure.
- Is the microbiome in your gut part of you?
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | is housed · be delivered · is done |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have ordered · I've passed · have started |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 15 contrações e formas reduzidas, como I've, they're, can't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: grid /ɡɹɪd/, bot /bɑt/, tote /toʊt/, ascribe /əˈskɹaɪb/, termite /ˈtɜː(ɹ).maɪt/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: aisle /aɪ̯l/, fragile /ˈfɹæd͡ʒəl/
- /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: hive /haɪv/, warehouse /ˈwɛə(ɹ)haʊs/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como grid, bot, tote.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.