Shadowing Practice: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Thrill-Seeking Gene - Learn English Speaking with Video

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no guts no glory
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it's the battle cry of thrill seekers everywhere as they dive off cliffs jump out of planes
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and ski down avalanche chutes and they do it all just for the rush.
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But where do these daredevils get the guts to risk their lives over and over again?
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Some scientists believe there's something about adventure junkies that's different from the rest of us, something they're born with.
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Could it be that thrill -seeking is literally in their blood?
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Dr. Julia Farnsworth is here to explore the latest research with us.
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Dr. Farsworth, welcome to the show.
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What does the latest research show?
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Is thrill -seeking really inborn?
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Thanks, Larry.
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Yes, there is no evidence that thrill -seeking has a strong genetic component.
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Researchers have identified at least two distinct genes that they believe are responsible for thrill -seeking behavior.
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Both of these genes have to do with the brain chemical called dopamine, the brain's pleasure chemical.
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Dopamine is the substance that makes your brain feel all warm and wonderful inside.
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What researchers have found is that the brains of thrill -seekers don't produce and absorb enough dopamine.
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This prompts them to go the extra mile to get a dopamine fix, and that means charging into high -sensation activities,
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ones that really make palms sweat and heart rates soar.
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That's fascinating.
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Are there any figures about how many people may actually have these genes?
21
Researchers believe that at least 30 % of us carry the thrill -seeking genes, but not everyone who has them,
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they say, feels the need to jump out of airplanes.
23
For some people, intellectual challenges can provide the same satisfaction,
24
and just having the genes doesn't mean that you will necessarily crave new sensations all the time,
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which leads critics to argue that the researchers genetic theory is a little too simplistic.
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But whether flirting with danger is nature, nurture, or a combination of both, there's no question that it can quickly become a deadly habit.
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Hundreds of thrill -seekers a year are killed pursuing a rush.
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Researchers are also exploring whether
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or not the same genes may play a role in self -destructive adventure -seeking such as drug and alcohol abuse.
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So where to from here?
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What will scientists do with their newfound knowledge?
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Well, it's still rather unclear.
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When I asked one researcher if he thought scientists should come up with a cure for self -destructive adventure -seeking,
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he replied, without thrill -seekers in the world, we wouldn't have any
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United States of America because Columbus never would have taken off.
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We never would have put a man on the moon, and we wouldn't have Wall Street.
37
I don't think we want to get into the business of treating core personality traits unless they're really harmful to the person.
38
So, at least for the moment, listeners, it appears that there's no new wonder drug on the way to take away the urge for adventure,
39
nor will a blood test be available anytime soon to find out whether you have the thrill -seeker genes.
40
But there is good news in store for those of you who are couch potatoes.
41
Scientists say they may also have discovered the gene for laziness.
42
What is the main idea of the segment?
43
What is true of thrill -seekers and the levels of dopamine in their brains?
44
According to scientists, how many people carry the genes for thrill -seeking?
45
What is true about people who have the thrill -seeking genes?
46
Why does the speaker mention
47
Columbus, Wall Street, and putting a man on the moon?
48
no guts no glory
49
it's the battle cry of thrill seekers everywhere as they dive off cliffs jump out of planes and ski down avalanche chutes.
50
And they do it all just for the rush.
51
But where do these daredevils get the guts to risk their lives over and over again?
52
Some scientists believe there's something about adventure junkies that's different from the rest of us, something they're born with.
53
Could it be that thrill -seeking is literally in their blood?
54
Dr. Julia Farnsworth is here to explore the latest research with us.
55
Dr. Farsworth, welcome to the show.
56
What does the latest research show?
57
Is thrill -seeking really inborn?
58
Thanks, Larry.
59
Yes, there is no evidence that thrill -seeking has a strong genetic component.
60
Researchers have identified at least two distinct genes that they believe are responsible for thrill -seeking behavior.
61
Both of these genes have to do with the brain chemical called dopamine, the brain's pleasure chemical.
62
Dopamine is the substance that makes your brain feel all warm and wonderful inside.
63
What researchers have found is that the brains of thrill -seekers don't produce and absorb enough dopamine.
64
This prompts them to go the extra mile to get a dopamine fix, and that means charging into high -sensation activities,
65
ones that really make palms sweat and heart rates soar.
66
That's fascinating.
67
Are there any figures about how many people may actually have these genes?
68
Researchers believe that at least 30 % of us carry the thrill -seeking genes, but not everyone who has them,
69
they say, feels the need to jump out of airplanes.
70
For some people, intellectual challenges can provide the same satisfaction
71
and just having the genes doesn't mean
72
that you will necessarily crave new sensations all the time
73
which leads critics to argue that the researcher's genetic theory is a little too simplistic
74
but whether flirting with danger is nature nurture
75
or a combination of both there's no question
76
that it can quickly become a deadly habit hundreds of thrill seekers a year are killed pursuing a rush
77
Researchers are also exploring whether or not the same genes may play a role in self -destructive adventure -seeking, such as drug and alcohol abuse.
78
So where to from here?
79
What will scientists do with their newfound knowledge?
80
Well, it's still rather unclear.
81
When I asked one researcher if he thought scientists should come up with a cure for self -destructive adventure -seeking,
82
he replied, Without thrill -seekers in the world, we wouldn't have any
83
United States of America, because Columbus never would have taken off.
84
We never would have put a man on the moon, and we wouldn't have Wall Street.
85
I don't think we want to get into the business of treating core personality traits unless they're really harmful to the person.
86
So, at least for the moment, listeners, it appears
87
that there's no new wonder drug on the way to take
88
away the urge for adventure nor will a blood test be
89
available anytime soon to find out whether you have the thrill -seeker genes.
90
But there is good news in store for those of you who are couch potatoes.
91
Scientists say they may also have discovered the gene for laziness.
92
What is the main idea of the segment?
93
What is true of thrill -seekers and the levels of dopamine in their brains?
94
According to scientists, how many people carry the genes for thrill -seeking?
95
What is true about people who have the thrill -seeking genes?
96
Why does the speaker mention
97
Columbus, Wall Street, and putting a man on the moon?
98
Thank you.

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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les

Deze spreekles is gebaseerd op de video “TOEFL Listening Practice”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: thrill, gene, seeking, seeker, researcher. Deze video bevat 98 zinnen en 1192 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 9:23. De spreker praat in een gelijkmatig tempo van ongeveer 127 woorden per minuut, prettig om te shadowen. Slechts 79% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden, dus de woordenschat is pittig. 24 van de 98 zinnen zijn vragen, dus het is goede oefening voor vraagintonatie en korte antwoorden.

Belangrijke woorden in deze video

15 woorden uit de video die het leren waard zijn, met uitspraak en betekenis:

WoordUitspraakBetekenis
thrill werkwoord/θɹɪl/opwinden
gene zelfstandig naamwoord/d͡ʒiːn/gen
researcher zelfstandig naamwoord/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/onderzoeker
scientist zelfstandig naamwoord/ˈsaɪəntəst/wetenschapper, wetenschapster
adventure zelfstandig naamwoord/ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/avontuur
rush werkwoord/ɹʌʃ/afraffelen
genetic bijvoeglijk naamwoord/d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/genetisch
explore werkwoord/ɪkˈsploɹ/onderzoeken, bestuderen
sensation zelfstandig naamwoord/sɛnˈseɪʃən/gevoel
destructive bijvoeglijk naamwoord/dɪˈstɹʌktɪv/destructief, destructieve
guts zelfstandig naamwoord/ɡʌts/ingewanden
necessarily bijwoord/ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/nodig, noodzakelijk
argue werkwoord/ˈɑɹ.ɡju/redetwisten
discover werkwoord/dɪˈskʌvə/ontdekken
glory zelfstandig naamwoord/ˈɡlɔːɹi/glorie, luister

Phrasal verbs die je zult horen

WoordBetekenis
come up with werkwoordbedenken, verzinnen
find out werkwoordontdekken, onderzoeken
take off werkwoorduittrekken, afzetten

Grammatica in deze video

De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:

StructuurIn de video
Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telthave identified · have found
Betrekkelijke bijzinnen who / which + zin — extra informatie over een persoon of dingeveryone who has · people who have
Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doetare killed

Uitspraak om op te letten

De spreker gebruikt 14 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals don't, they're, wouldn't. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.

  • De klanken “sh” en “zh”: rush /ɹʌʃ/, sensation /sɛnˈseɪʃən/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/, avalanche /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/, chute /ʃut/
  • Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/

Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:

  • Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: destructive /dɪˈstɹʌktɪv/, dive /daɪv/, urge /ɜːd͡ʒ/, absorb /æbˈsɔɹb/, crave /kɹeɪv/
  • /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: habit /ˈhæb.ɪt/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/, absorb /æbˈsɔɹb/, avalanche /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/, fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt/
  • /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: guts /ɡʌts/, argue /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/, glory /ˈɡlɔːɹi/, segment /ˈsɛɡmɛnt/

Zo oefen je met deze video

  1. Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
  2. Spreek zin voor zin na op normale snelheid en herhaal elke zin tot je ritme gelijk is aan dat van de spreker.
  3. Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als thrill, gene, researcher.

Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?

Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.

Shadowing-techniek: lees de volledige stap-voor-stap-gids →