跟读练习: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Thrill-Seeking Gene - 通过视频学习英语口语

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98 句
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1
no guts no glory
2
it's the battle cry of thrill seekers everywhere as they dive off cliffs jump out of planes
3
and ski down avalanche chutes and they do it all just for the rush.
4
But where do these daredevils get the guts to risk their lives over and over again?
5
Some scientists believe there's something about adventure junkies that's different from the rest of us, something they're born with.
6
Could it be that thrill -seeking is literally in their blood?
7
Dr. Julia Farnsworth is here to explore the latest research with us.
8
Dr. Farsworth, welcome to the show.
9
What does the latest research show?
10
Is thrill -seeking really inborn?
11
Thanks, Larry.
12
Yes, there is no evidence that thrill -seeking has a strong genetic component.
13
Researchers have identified at least two distinct genes that they believe are responsible for thrill -seeking behavior.
14
Both of these genes have to do with the brain chemical called dopamine, the brain's pleasure chemical.
15
Dopamine is the substance that makes your brain feel all warm and wonderful inside.
16
What researchers have found is that the brains of thrill -seekers don't produce and absorb enough dopamine.
17
This prompts them to go the extra mile to get a dopamine fix, and that means charging into high -sensation activities,
18
ones that really make palms sweat and heart rates soar.
19
That's fascinating.
20
Are there any figures about how many people may actually have these genes?
21
Researchers believe that at least 30 % of us carry the thrill -seeking genes, but not everyone who has them,
22
they say, feels the need to jump out of airplanes.
23
For some people, intellectual challenges can provide the same satisfaction,
24
and just having the genes doesn't mean that you will necessarily crave new sensations all the time,
25
which leads critics to argue that the researchers genetic theory is a little too simplistic.
26
But whether flirting with danger is nature, nurture, or a combination of both, there's no question that it can quickly become a deadly habit.
27
Hundreds of thrill -seekers a year are killed pursuing a rush.
28
Researchers are also exploring whether
29
or not the same genes may play a role in self -destructive adventure -seeking such as drug and alcohol abuse.
30
So where to from here?
31
What will scientists do with their newfound knowledge?
32
Well, it's still rather unclear.
33
When I asked one researcher if he thought scientists should come up with a cure for self -destructive adventure -seeking,
34
he replied, without thrill -seekers in the world, we wouldn't have any
35
United States of America because Columbus never would have taken off.
36
We never would have put a man on the moon, and we wouldn't have Wall Street.
37
I don't think we want to get into the business of treating core personality traits unless they're really harmful to the person.
38
So, at least for the moment, listeners, it appears that there's no new wonder drug on the way to take away the urge for adventure,
39
nor will a blood test be available anytime soon to find out whether you have the thrill -seeker genes.
40
But there is good news in store for those of you who are couch potatoes.
41
Scientists say they may also have discovered the gene for laziness.
42
What is the main idea of the segment?
43
What is true of thrill -seekers and the levels of dopamine in their brains?
44
According to scientists, how many people carry the genes for thrill -seeking?
45
What is true about people who have the thrill -seeking genes?
46
Why does the speaker mention
47
Columbus, Wall Street, and putting a man on the moon?
48
no guts no glory
49
it's the battle cry of thrill seekers everywhere as they dive off cliffs jump out of planes and ski down avalanche chutes.
50
And they do it all just for the rush.
51
But where do these daredevils get the guts to risk their lives over and over again?
52
Some scientists believe there's something about adventure junkies that's different from the rest of us, something they're born with.
53
Could it be that thrill -seeking is literally in their blood?
54
Dr. Julia Farnsworth is here to explore the latest research with us.
55
Dr. Farsworth, welcome to the show.
56
What does the latest research show?
57
Is thrill -seeking really inborn?
58
Thanks, Larry.
59
Yes, there is no evidence that thrill -seeking has a strong genetic component.
60
Researchers have identified at least two distinct genes that they believe are responsible for thrill -seeking behavior.
61
Both of these genes have to do with the brain chemical called dopamine, the brain's pleasure chemical.
62
Dopamine is the substance that makes your brain feel all warm and wonderful inside.
63
What researchers have found is that the brains of thrill -seekers don't produce and absorb enough dopamine.
64
This prompts them to go the extra mile to get a dopamine fix, and that means charging into high -sensation activities,
65
ones that really make palms sweat and heart rates soar.
66
That's fascinating.
67
Are there any figures about how many people may actually have these genes?
68
Researchers believe that at least 30 % of us carry the thrill -seeking genes, but not everyone who has them,
69
they say, feels the need to jump out of airplanes.
70
For some people, intellectual challenges can provide the same satisfaction
71
and just having the genes doesn't mean
72
that you will necessarily crave new sensations all the time
73
which leads critics to argue that the researcher's genetic theory is a little too simplistic
74
but whether flirting with danger is nature nurture
75
or a combination of both there's no question
76
that it can quickly become a deadly habit hundreds of thrill seekers a year are killed pursuing a rush
77
Researchers are also exploring whether or not the same genes may play a role in self -destructive adventure -seeking, such as drug and alcohol abuse.
78
So where to from here?
79
What will scientists do with their newfound knowledge?
80
Well, it's still rather unclear.
81
When I asked one researcher if he thought scientists should come up with a cure for self -destructive adventure -seeking,
82
he replied, Without thrill -seekers in the world, we wouldn't have any
83
United States of America, because Columbus never would have taken off.
84
We never would have put a man on the moon, and we wouldn't have Wall Street.
85
I don't think we want to get into the business of treating core personality traits unless they're really harmful to the person.
86
So, at least for the moment, listeners, it appears
87
that there's no new wonder drug on the way to take
88
away the urge for adventure nor will a blood test be
89
available anytime soon to find out whether you have the thrill -seeker genes.
90
But there is good news in store for those of you who are couch potatoes.
91
Scientists say they may also have discovered the gene for laziness.
92
What is the main idea of the segment?
93
What is true of thrill -seekers and the levels of dopamine in their brains?
94
According to scientists, how many people carry the genes for thrill -seeking?
95
What is true about people who have the thrill -seeking genes?
96
Why does the speaker mention
97
Columbus, Wall Street, and putting a man on the moon?
98
Thank you.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节口语课以视频“TOEFL Listening Practice”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：thrill, gene, seeking, seeker, researcher。 这段视频共有 98 个句子、1192 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 9:23。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 127 个词，很适合跟读。 只有 79% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。 全部 98 个句子中有 24 个是问句，适合练习疑问语调和简短回答。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：

单词发音释义
gene 名词/d͡ʒiːn/基因
researcher 名词/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/研究員 /研究员, 研究者
scientist 名词/ˈsaɪəntəst/科學家 /科学家
adventure 名词/ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/奇遇, 冒險 /冒险
rush 动词/ɹʌʃ/急速去, 急速做
explore 动词/ɪkˈsploɹ/探索, 探險 /探险
sensation 名词/sɛnˈseɪʃən/感覺 /感觉, 知覺 /知觉
destructive 形容词/dɪˈstɹʌktɪv/破壞性的 /破坏性的
guts 名词/ɡʌts/內臟 /内脏
necessarily 副词/ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/必然地, 必定地
argue 动词/ˈɑɹ.ɡju/辯論 /辩论, 爭辯 /争辩
discover 动词/dɪˈskʌvə/發現 /发现, 發覺 /发觉
glory 名词/ˈɡlɔːɹi/絕妙 /绝妙, 精巧
component 名词/kəmˈpoʊ.nənt/元件, 部件
cure 动词/kjɔː/治療 /治疗

视频中出现的短语动词

单词释义
come up with 动词想出, 提出
find out 动词找出, 查明
take off 动词脫 /脱

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构视频中的用法
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事have identified · have found
定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物everyone who has · people who have
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的are killed

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 14 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, they're, wouldn't。请按听到的简短形式来说。

  • “sh” 和 “zh” 音: rush /ɹʌʃ/, sensation /sɛnˈseɪʃən/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/, avalanche /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/, chute /ʃut/
  • 长单词——注意重音位置: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

  • /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: adventure /ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/, destructive /dɪˈstɹʌktɪv/, discover /dɪˈskʌvə/, dive /daɪv/, avalanche /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/
  • 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, rush /ɹʌʃ/, genetic /d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/, destructive /dɪˈstɹʌktɪv/, guts /ɡʌts/
  • /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: thrill /θɹɪl/, explore /ɪkˈsploɹ/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, glory /ˈɡlɔːɹi/, harmful /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/

如何用这段视频练习

  1. 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
  2. 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
  3. 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 gene, researcher, scientist 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →