跟读练习: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Hurricanes - 通过视频学习英语口语
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79 句
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1
few events can rival the power of a hurricane
2
we only have to look back at the devastation wreaked by Hurricane Katrina in August 2005 to realize this.
3
While hurricanes are a natural phenomenon, some experts believe human activity may actually be impacting on their development.
4
Tom Parker reports.
5
Each year in the tropical regions surrounding the equator, hundreds of storms form at sea, some of which will intensify to hurricane level.
6
Research suggests that the strength and duration of these storms is on the increase.
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Global warming could well be behind this shift.
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Hurricane expert Julia James explains how hurricanes form and talks about the possible influence of climate change on hurricanes.
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Hurricanes develop in warm tropical regions, both north and south of the equator.
10
One prerequisite for hurricane formation is a warm ocean surface, at least 27 degrees Celsius.
11
When equatorial winds pass over the sea, they suck up the warm, moist air.
12
As the air is forced upwards, it gets cooler and condenses into clouds.
13
This can result in the formation of cloud clusters and thunderstorms, known as tropical disturbances.
14
The majority of these die out, but some go on to develop into full -blown hurricanes.
15
This happens when converging equatorial winds set off a chain reaction of rising and sinking air.
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As wind speeds increase, cool air is sucked underneath the rising warm air and the storm begins to rotate.
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It will only be given hurricane status if wind speeds reach 74 miles per hour.
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and it's only when it hits land
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and is cut off from its supply of heat
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that it loses momentum
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but not without first unleashing winds of up to 185 miles per hour on coastal areas
22
so a warm ocean surface is a key ingredient in hurricane development
23
some experts have theorized that
24
because global warming is heating up our oceans it is also boosting hurricane formation carbon dioxide and other man -made greenhouse gases
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Raise the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere.
26
This leads to warmer sea surface temperatures, and a warm ocean will produce higher levels of water vapor than a cool one.
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This water vapor plays an important role in fueling hurricanes and keeping them spinning.
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It also increases precipitation when the storm reaches land.
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During Hurricane Katrina, rainfall exceeded 12 inches near New Orleans.
30
Evidence that hurricanes are becoming more severe is quite compelling.
31
What we've seen in recent years is an increase in both the strength and duration of storms, with a higher percentage of devastating
32
Category 4 and 5 hurricanes hitting land annually.
33
Between 1970 and 2005, this figure doubled worldwide.
34
But whether this trend can be attributed to human activity has yet to be scientifically established.
35
Similarly, some experts have hypothesized that the violent storms we are seeing can actually be attributed to natural fluctuations in ocean currents.
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Whatever the case, if our seas continue to get warmer, hurricane -related losses in the 21st century may be devastating,
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especially given the fact that coastal populations are becoming denser and denser all the time.
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Number 1.
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How does a hurricane begin?
40
Number 2.
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When is a hurricane at its most powerful?
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Number 3.
43
According to Julia James, what can increased amounts of carbon dioxide lead to?
44
Thank you.
45
Number four.
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What happened globally between 1970 and 2005?
47
Number 5.
48
What disturbing assumption does the speaker arrive at?
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Number 1.
50
How does a hurricane begin?
51
Hurricanes develop in warm tropical regions, both north and south of the equator.
52
One prerequisite for hurricane formation is a warm ocean surface, at least 27 degrees Celsius.
53
When equatorial winds pass over the sea, they suck up the warm, moist air.
54
As the air is forced upwards, it gets cooler and condenses into clouds.
55
This can result in the formation of cloud clusters and thunderstorms, known as tropical disturbances.
56
Number 2.
57
When is a hurricane at its most powerful?
58
it will only be given hurricane status
59
if wind speeds reach 74 miles per hour and it's only
60
when it hits land and is cut off from its supply of heat
61
that it loses momentum
62
but not without first unleashing winds of up to 185 miles per hour on coastal areas number three according to julia James,
63
what can increased amounts of carbon dioxide lead to?
64
Carbon dioxide and other man -made greenhouse gases raise the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere.
65
This leads to warmer sea surface temperatures, and a warm ocean will produce higher levels of water vapor than a cool one.
66
This water vapor plays an important role in fueling hurricanes and keeping them spinning.
67
It also increases precipitation when the storm reaches land.
68
Number four.
69
What happened globally between 1970 and 2005?
70
Evidence that hurricanes are becoming more severe is quite compelling.
71
What we've seen in recent years is an increase in both the strength
72
and duration of storms with a higher percentage of devastating
73
Category 4 and 5 hurricanes hitting land annually.
74
Between 1970 and 2005, this figure doubled worldwide.
75
Number 5.
76
What disturbing assumption does the speaker arrive at?
77
Whatever the case, if our seas continue to get warmer, hurricane -related losses in the 21st century may be devastating,
78
especially given the fact that coastal populations are becoming denser and denser all the time.
79
Thank you.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“TOEFL Listening Practice”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：hurricane, warm, storm, wind, ocean。 这段视频共有 79 个句子、852 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 8:26。 说话人语速较慢，每分钟约 101 个词，你有足够的时间模仿每一个音。 只有 75% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| hurricane 名词 | /ˈhʌɹɪkeɪn/ | 颶風 /飓风 |
| tropical 形容词 | /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/ | 熱帶 /热带, 回歸線 /回归线 |
| cloud 名词 | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | йүн, 雲 /云 |
| dense 形容词 | /ˈdɛns/ | 密, 稠密 |
| dioxide 名词 | /daɪˈɑksaɪd/ | 二氧化物 |
| vapor 名词 | /ˈveɪpɚ/ | 蒸氣 /蒸气 |
| suck 动词 | /sʌk/ | 吸吮, 咂 |
| duration 名词 | /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ | 時間 /时间, 長短 /长短 |
| percentage 名词 | /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/ | 百分率, 百分比 |
| atmosphere 名词 | /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ | 大氣 /大气, 氣圈 /气圈 |
| arrive 动词 | /əˈɹaɪv/ | 到達 /到达, 到 |
| spin 动词 | /spɪn/ | 轉動 /转动, 自轉 /自转 |
| assumption 名词 | /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/ | 假設 /假设 |
| momentum 名词 | /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/ | 動量 /动量 |
| cluster 名词 | /ˈklʌstɚ/ | 串, 叢 /丛 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| heat up 动词 | 加熱 /加热 |
| set off 动词 | 出發 /出发 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | is forced · is sucked · be given |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have theorized · we've seen · have hypothesized |
需要注意的发音
- “th” 音: underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/, thunderstorm /ˈθʌn.dɚˌstɔɹm/, hypothesize /haɪˈpɑ.θəˌsaɪz/, theorize /ˈθɪɹ.aɪz/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: duration /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, unleash /ʌnˈliʃ/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: momentum /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, similarly /ˈsɪm.ə.lə.li/, phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: vapor /ˈveɪpɚ/, arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, violent /ˈvaɪ.ə.lənt/, rival /ˈɹaɪvəl/, devastate /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: cloud /ˈklaʊ̯d/, dense /ˈdɛns/, dioxide /daɪˈɑksaɪd/, suck /sʌk/, percentage /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: tropical /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/, rival /ˈɹaɪvəl/, equatorial /ˌɛkwəˈtɔːɹiəl/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 hurricane, tropical, cloud 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。