Shadowing Practice: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Hurricanes - Learn English Speaking with Video

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79 cümleler
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1
few events can rival the power of a hurricane
2
we only have to look back at the devastation wreaked by Hurricane Katrina in August 2005 to realize this.
3
While hurricanes are a natural phenomenon, some experts believe human activity may actually be impacting on their development.
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Tom Parker reports.
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Each year in the tropical regions surrounding the equator, hundreds of storms form at sea, some of which will intensify to hurricane level.
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Research suggests that the strength and duration of these storms is on the increase.
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Global warming could well be behind this shift.
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Hurricane expert Julia James explains how hurricanes form and talks about the possible influence of climate change on hurricanes.
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Hurricanes develop in warm tropical regions, both north and south of the equator.
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One prerequisite for hurricane formation is a warm ocean surface, at least 27 degrees Celsius.
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When equatorial winds pass over the sea, they suck up the warm, moist air.
12
As the air is forced upwards, it gets cooler and condenses into clouds.
13
This can result in the formation of cloud clusters and thunderstorms, known as tropical disturbances.
14
The majority of these die out, but some go on to develop into full -blown hurricanes.
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This happens when converging equatorial winds set off a chain reaction of rising and sinking air.
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As wind speeds increase, cool air is sucked underneath the rising warm air and the storm begins to rotate.
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It will only be given hurricane status if wind speeds reach 74 miles per hour.
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and it's only when it hits land
19
and is cut off from its supply of heat
20
that it loses momentum
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but not without first unleashing winds of up to 185 miles per hour on coastal areas
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so a warm ocean surface is a key ingredient in hurricane development
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some experts have theorized that
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because global warming is heating up our oceans it is also boosting hurricane formation carbon dioxide and other man -made greenhouse gases
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Raise the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere.
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This leads to warmer sea surface temperatures, and a warm ocean will produce higher levels of water vapor than a cool one.
27
This water vapor plays an important role in fueling hurricanes and keeping them spinning.
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It also increases precipitation when the storm reaches land.
29
During Hurricane Katrina, rainfall exceeded 12 inches near New Orleans.
30
Evidence that hurricanes are becoming more severe is quite compelling.
31
What we've seen in recent years is an increase in both the strength and duration of storms, with a higher percentage of devastating
32
Category 4 and 5 hurricanes hitting land annually.
33
Between 1970 and 2005, this figure doubled worldwide.
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But whether this trend can be attributed to human activity has yet to be scientifically established.
35
Similarly, some experts have hypothesized that the violent storms we are seeing can actually be attributed to natural fluctuations in ocean currents.
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Whatever the case, if our seas continue to get warmer, hurricane -related losses in the 21st century may be devastating,
37
especially given the fact that coastal populations are becoming denser and denser all the time.
38
Number 1.
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How does a hurricane begin?
40
Number 2.
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When is a hurricane at its most powerful?
42
Number 3.
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According to Julia James, what can increased amounts of carbon dioxide lead to?
44
Thank you.
45
Number four.
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What happened globally between 1970 and 2005?
47
Number 5.
48
What disturbing assumption does the speaker arrive at?
49
Number 1.
50
How does a hurricane begin?
51
Hurricanes develop in warm tropical regions, both north and south of the equator.
52
One prerequisite for hurricane formation is a warm ocean surface, at least 27 degrees Celsius.
53
When equatorial winds pass over the sea, they suck up the warm, moist air.
54
As the air is forced upwards, it gets cooler and condenses into clouds.
55
This can result in the formation of cloud clusters and thunderstorms, known as tropical disturbances.
56
Number 2.
57
When is a hurricane at its most powerful?
58
it will only be given hurricane status
59
if wind speeds reach 74 miles per hour and it's only
60
when it hits land and is cut off from its supply of heat
61
that it loses momentum
62
but not without first unleashing winds of up to 185 miles per hour on coastal areas number three according to julia James,
63
what can increased amounts of carbon dioxide lead to?
64
Carbon dioxide and other man -made greenhouse gases raise the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere.
65
This leads to warmer sea surface temperatures, and a warm ocean will produce higher levels of water vapor than a cool one.
66
This water vapor plays an important role in fueling hurricanes and keeping them spinning.
67
It also increases precipitation when the storm reaches land.
68
Number four.
69
What happened globally between 1970 and 2005?
70
Evidence that hurricanes are becoming more severe is quite compelling.
71
What we've seen in recent years is an increase in both the strength
72
and duration of storms with a higher percentage of devastating
73
Category 4 and 5 hurricanes hitting land annually.
74
Between 1970 and 2005, this figure doubled worldwide.
75
Number 5.
76
What disturbing assumption does the speaker arrive at?
77
Whatever the case, if our seas continue to get warmer, hurricane -related losses in the 21st century may be devastating,
78
especially given the fact that coastal populations are becoming denser and denser all the time.
79
Thank you.

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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları

Bu konuşma dersi “TOEFL Listening Practice” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: hurricane, warm, storm, wind, ocean. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 79 cümle ve 852 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 8:26 sürüyor. Konuşmacı yavaş konuşuyor, dakikada yaklaşık 101 kelime; her sesi taklit etmek için zamanınız var. Kelimelerin yalnızca %75’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı.

Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler

Videodan öğrenmeye değer 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:

KelimeTelaffuzAnlam
hurricane isim/ˈhʌɹɪkeɪn/kasırga, urağan
tropical sıfat/ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/tropikal
cloud isim/ˈklaʊ̯d/bulut
coastal sıfat/ˈkoʊstəl/kıyısal, sahilsel
dense sıfat/ˈdɛns/yoğun, sık
vapor isim/ˈveɪpɚ/buhar
suck fiil/sʌk/emmek
duration isim/dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/süre
atmosphere isim/ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/atmosfer, havaküre
arrive fiil/əˈɹaɪv/varmak
spin fiil/spɪn/dolanmak, dönmek
assumption isim/əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/varsayım
momentum isim/ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/itki, momentum
cluster isim/ˈklʌstɚ/salkım
greenhouse isim/ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/sera, limonluk

Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller

KelimeAnlam
die out fiilsoyu tükenmek
heat up fiilısınmak, ısıtmak

Bu videodaki dil bilgisi

Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:

YapıVideoda
Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemliis forced · is sucked · be given
Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylemhave theorized · we've seen · have hypothesized

Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar

  • “th” sesleri: underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/, thunderstorm /ˈθʌn.dɚˌstɔɹm/, hypothesize /haɪˈpɑ.θəˌsaɪz/, theorize /ˈθɪɹ.aɪz/
  • “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: duration /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, unleash /ʌnˈliʃ/
  • Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: momentum /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, similarly /ˈsɪm.ə.lə.li/, phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/

Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:

  • /w/ — dudaklar yuvarlak, /v/ değil: upwards /ˈʌpwɚdz/, equator /ɪˈkweɪ.tɚ/, equatorial /ˌɛkwəˈtɔːɹiəl/, prerequisite /pɹiˈɹɛkwəzət/
  • Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: tropical /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/, cloud /ˈklaʊ̯d/, spin /spɪn/, cluster /ˈklʌstɚ/, globally /ˈɡloʊbəli/
  • /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: atmosphere /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/, annually /ˈæn.jʊə.li/, attribute /ˈæt.ɹɪˌbjut/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/

Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır

  1. Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
  2. Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
  3. Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; hurricane, tropical, cloud gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.

Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?

Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.

Shadowing tekniği: adım adım eksiksiz rehberi okuyun →