Практика Shadowing: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Hurricanes - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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79 предложений
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1
few events can rival the power of a hurricane
2
we only have to look back at the devastation wreaked by Hurricane Katrina in August 2005 to realize this.
3
While hurricanes are a natural phenomenon, some experts believe human activity may actually be impacting on their development.
4
Tom Parker reports.
5
Each year in the tropical regions surrounding the equator, hundreds of storms form at sea, some of which will intensify to hurricane level.
6
Research suggests that the strength and duration of these storms is on the increase.
7
Global warming could well be behind this shift.
8
Hurricane expert Julia James explains how hurricanes form and talks about the possible influence of climate change on hurricanes.
9
Hurricanes develop in warm tropical regions, both north and south of the equator.
10
One prerequisite for hurricane formation is a warm ocean surface, at least 27 degrees Celsius.
11
When equatorial winds pass over the sea, they suck up the warm, moist air.
12
As the air is forced upwards, it gets cooler and condenses into clouds.
13
This can result in the formation of cloud clusters and thunderstorms, known as tropical disturbances.
14
The majority of these die out, but some go on to develop into full -blown hurricanes.
15
This happens when converging equatorial winds set off a chain reaction of rising and sinking air.
16
As wind speeds increase, cool air is sucked underneath the rising warm air and the storm begins to rotate.
17
It will only be given hurricane status if wind speeds reach 74 miles per hour.
18
and it's only when it hits land
19
and is cut off from its supply of heat
20
that it loses momentum
21
but not without first unleashing winds of up to 185 miles per hour on coastal areas
22
so a warm ocean surface is a key ingredient in hurricane development
23
some experts have theorized that
24
because global warming is heating up our oceans it is also boosting hurricane formation carbon dioxide and other man -made greenhouse gases
25
Raise the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere.
26
This leads to warmer sea surface temperatures, and a warm ocean will produce higher levels of water vapor than a cool one.
27
This water vapor plays an important role in fueling hurricanes and keeping them spinning.
28
It also increases precipitation when the storm reaches land.
29
During Hurricane Katrina, rainfall exceeded 12 inches near New Orleans.
30
Evidence that hurricanes are becoming more severe is quite compelling.
31
What we've seen in recent years is an increase in both the strength and duration of storms, with a higher percentage of devastating
32
Category 4 and 5 hurricanes hitting land annually.
33
Between 1970 and 2005, this figure doubled worldwide.
34
But whether this trend can be attributed to human activity has yet to be scientifically established.
35
Similarly, some experts have hypothesized that the violent storms we are seeing can actually be attributed to natural fluctuations in ocean currents.
36
Whatever the case, if our seas continue to get warmer, hurricane -related losses in the 21st century may be devastating,
37
especially given the fact that coastal populations are becoming denser and denser all the time.
38
Number 1.
39
How does a hurricane begin?
40
Number 2.
41
When is a hurricane at its most powerful?
42
Number 3.
43
According to Julia James, what can increased amounts of carbon dioxide lead to?
44
Thank you.
45
Number four.
46
What happened globally between 1970 and 2005?
47
Number 5.
48
What disturbing assumption does the speaker arrive at?
49
Number 1.
50
How does a hurricane begin?
51
Hurricanes develop in warm tropical regions, both north and south of the equator.
52
One prerequisite for hurricane formation is a warm ocean surface, at least 27 degrees Celsius.
53
When equatorial winds pass over the sea, they suck up the warm, moist air.
54
As the air is forced upwards, it gets cooler and condenses into clouds.
55
This can result in the formation of cloud clusters and thunderstorms, known as tropical disturbances.
56
Number 2.
57
When is a hurricane at its most powerful?
58
it will only be given hurricane status
59
if wind speeds reach 74 miles per hour and it's only
60
when it hits land and is cut off from its supply of heat
61
that it loses momentum
62
but not without first unleashing winds of up to 185 miles per hour on coastal areas number three according to julia James,
63
what can increased amounts of carbon dioxide lead to?
64
Carbon dioxide and other man -made greenhouse gases raise the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere.
65
This leads to warmer sea surface temperatures, and a warm ocean will produce higher levels of water vapor than a cool one.
66
This water vapor plays an important role in fueling hurricanes and keeping them spinning.
67
It also increases precipitation when the storm reaches land.
68
Number four.
69
What happened globally between 1970 and 2005?
70
Evidence that hurricanes are becoming more severe is quite compelling.
71
What we've seen in recent years is an increase in both the strength
72
and duration of storms with a higher percentage of devastating
73
Category 4 and 5 hurricanes hitting land annually.
74
Between 1970 and 2005, this figure doubled worldwide.
75
Number 5.
76
What disturbing assumption does the speaker arrive at?
77
Whatever the case, if our seas continue to get warmer, hurricane -related losses in the 21st century may be devastating,
78
especially given the fact that coastal populations are becoming denser and denser all the time.
79
Thank you.

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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

Этот урок разговорной практики построен на видео «TOEFL Listening Practice». Чаще всего повторяются слова: hurricane, warm, storm, wind, ocean. В этом видео 79 предложений и 852 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 8:26. Говорящий говорит медленно, около 101 слов в минуту, поэтому есть время повторить каждый звук. Только 75% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:

СловоПроизношениеЗначение
hurricane существительное/ˈhʌɹɪkeɪn/урага́н
tropical прилагательное/ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/тропи́ческий
cloud существительное/ˈklaʊ̯d/о́блако, ту́ча
coastal прилагательное/ˈkoʊstəl/берегово́й, прибре́жный
dense прилагательное/ˈdɛns/густо́й, пло́тный
dioxide существительное/daɪˈɑksaɪd/диокси́д, двуо́кись
vapor существительное/ˈveɪpɚ/пар, газ
suck глагол/sʌk/соса́ть, вса́сывать
duration существительное/dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/продолжи́тельность, дли́тельность
percentage существительное/pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/проце́нт, проце́нтное отноше́ние
atmosphere существительное/ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/атмосфе́ра
arrive глагол/əˈɹaɪv/прибыва́ть, прибы́ть
spin глагол/spɪn/верте́ться, крути́ться
annually наречие/ˈæn.jʊə.li/ежего́дно
assumption существительное/əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/приня́тие на себя́

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

СловоЗначение
die out глаголвымира́ть, вы́мереть
heat up глаголразогрева́ть, разогре́ть
set off глаголотправля́ться, отпра́виться

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

КонструкцияВ видео
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делаетis forced · is sucked · be given
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчасhave theorized · we've seen · have hypothesized

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

  • Звуки «th»: underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/, thunderstorm /ˈθʌn.dɚˌstɔɹm/, hypothesize /haɪˈpɑ.θəˌsaɪz/, theorize /ˈθɪɹ.aɪz/
  • Звуки «sh» и «zh»: duration /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, unleash /ʌnˈliʃ/
  • Длинные слова — следите за ударением: momentum /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, similarly /ˈsɪm.ə.lə.li/, phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/

Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:

  • /w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: upwards /ˈʌpwɚdz/, equator /ɪˈkweɪ.tɚ/, equatorial /ˌɛkwəˈtɔːɹiəl/, prerequisite /pɹiˈɹɛkwəzət/
  • /h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: hurricane /ˈhʌɹɪkeɪn/, greenhouse /ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/, hypothesize /haɪˈpɑ.θəˌsaɪz/
  • Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: cloud /ˈklaʊ̯d/, dioxide /daɪˈɑksaɪd/, percentage /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/, arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, upwards /ˈʌpwɚdz/

Как заниматься с этим видео

  1. Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
  2. Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
  3. Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как hurricane, tropical, cloud.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →