تدريب Shadowing: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Hurricanes - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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79 جمل
إذا كانت الجمل قصيرة أو طويلة جدًا، انقر على Edit لتعديلها.
1
few events can rival the power of a hurricane
2
we only have to look back at the devastation wreaked by Hurricane Katrina in August 2005 to realize this.
3
While hurricanes are a natural phenomenon, some experts believe human activity may actually be impacting on their development.
4
Tom Parker reports.
5
Each year in the tropical regions surrounding the equator, hundreds of storms form at sea, some of which will intensify to hurricane level.
6
Research suggests that the strength and duration of these storms is on the increase.
7
Global warming could well be behind this shift.
8
Hurricane expert Julia James explains how hurricanes form and talks about the possible influence of climate change on hurricanes.
9
Hurricanes develop in warm tropical regions, both north and south of the equator.
10
One prerequisite for hurricane formation is a warm ocean surface, at least 27 degrees Celsius.
11
When equatorial winds pass over the sea, they suck up the warm, moist air.
12
As the air is forced upwards, it gets cooler and condenses into clouds.
13
This can result in the formation of cloud clusters and thunderstorms, known as tropical disturbances.
14
The majority of these die out, but some go on to develop into full -blown hurricanes.
15
This happens when converging equatorial winds set off a chain reaction of rising and sinking air.
16
As wind speeds increase, cool air is sucked underneath the rising warm air and the storm begins to rotate.
17
It will only be given hurricane status if wind speeds reach 74 miles per hour.
18
and it's only when it hits land
19
and is cut off from its supply of heat
20
that it loses momentum
21
but not without first unleashing winds of up to 185 miles per hour on coastal areas
22
so a warm ocean surface is a key ingredient in hurricane development
23
some experts have theorized that
24
because global warming is heating up our oceans it is also boosting hurricane formation carbon dioxide and other man -made greenhouse gases
25
Raise the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere.
26
This leads to warmer sea surface temperatures, and a warm ocean will produce higher levels of water vapor than a cool one.
27
This water vapor plays an important role in fueling hurricanes and keeping them spinning.
28
It also increases precipitation when the storm reaches land.
29
During Hurricane Katrina, rainfall exceeded 12 inches near New Orleans.
30
Evidence that hurricanes are becoming more severe is quite compelling.
31
What we've seen in recent years is an increase in both the strength and duration of storms, with a higher percentage of devastating
32
Category 4 and 5 hurricanes hitting land annually.
33
Between 1970 and 2005, this figure doubled worldwide.
34
But whether this trend can be attributed to human activity has yet to be scientifically established.
35
Similarly, some experts have hypothesized that the violent storms we are seeing can actually be attributed to natural fluctuations in ocean currents.
36
Whatever the case, if our seas continue to get warmer, hurricane -related losses in the 21st century may be devastating,
37
especially given the fact that coastal populations are becoming denser and denser all the time.
38
Number 1.
39
How does a hurricane begin?
40
Number 2.
41
When is a hurricane at its most powerful?
42
Number 3.
43
According to Julia James, what can increased amounts of carbon dioxide lead to?
44
Thank you.
45
Number four.
46
What happened globally between 1970 and 2005?
47
Number 5.
48
What disturbing assumption does the speaker arrive at?
49
Number 1.
50
How does a hurricane begin?
51
Hurricanes develop in warm tropical regions, both north and south of the equator.
52
One prerequisite for hurricane formation is a warm ocean surface, at least 27 degrees Celsius.
53
When equatorial winds pass over the sea, they suck up the warm, moist air.
54
As the air is forced upwards, it gets cooler and condenses into clouds.
55
This can result in the formation of cloud clusters and thunderstorms, known as tropical disturbances.
56
Number 2.
57
When is a hurricane at its most powerful?
58
it will only be given hurricane status
59
if wind speeds reach 74 miles per hour and it's only
60
when it hits land and is cut off from its supply of heat
61
that it loses momentum
62
but not without first unleashing winds of up to 185 miles per hour on coastal areas number three according to julia James,
63
what can increased amounts of carbon dioxide lead to?
64
Carbon dioxide and other man -made greenhouse gases raise the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere.
65
This leads to warmer sea surface temperatures, and a warm ocean will produce higher levels of water vapor than a cool one.
66
This water vapor plays an important role in fueling hurricanes and keeping them spinning.
67
It also increases precipitation when the storm reaches land.
68
Number four.
69
What happened globally between 1970 and 2005?
70
Evidence that hurricanes are becoming more severe is quite compelling.
71
What we've seen in recent years is an increase in both the strength
72
and duration of storms with a higher percentage of devastating
73
Category 4 and 5 hurricanes hitting land annually.
74
Between 1970 and 2005, this figure doubled worldwide.
75
Number 5.
76
What disturbing assumption does the speaker arrive at?
77
Whatever the case, if our seas continue to get warmer, hurricane -related losses in the 21st century may be devastating,
78
especially given the fact that coastal populations are becoming denser and denser all the time.
79
Thank you.

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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

هذا الدرس في المحادثة مبني على الفيديو “TOEFL Listening Practice”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: hurricane, warm, storm, wind, ocean. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 79 جملة و852 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 8:26. يتكلم المتحدث ببطء، بمعدل 101 كلمة في الدقيقة تقريبًا، فيكون لديك وقت لتقليد كل صوت. 75% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:

الكلمةالنطقالمعنى
hurricane اسم/ˈhʌɹɪkeɪn/زَوْبَعَة شَدِيدَة, إِعْصَار
tropical صفة/ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/مَدَارِيّ
cloud اسم/ˈklaʊ̯d/سَحَاب, غَيْم
dense صفة/ˈdɛns/كَثِيف, غَلِيظ
vapor اسم/ˈveɪpɚ/بُخَار
suck فعل/sʌk/مَصَّ, رَشَفَ
duration اسم/dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/مُدَّة
percentage اسم/pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/النِّسْبَة الْمِئَوِيَّة
atmosphere اسم/ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/جَو, غِلَاف جَوِّيّ
arrive فعل/əˈɹaɪv/وَصَلَ
momentum اسم/ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/زَخَم حَرَكَة
cluster اسم/ˈklʌstɚ/عُنْقُود, عُنْقُود نَجْمِيّ
greenhouse اسم/ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/دَفِيئَة زِرَاعِيّة, دَفِيئَة
attribute اسم/ˈæt.ɹɪˌbjut/صِفَة, خُصُوصِيَّة
moist صفة/mɔɪst/رَطِب, بَلّ

الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها

الكلمةالمعنى
die out فعلاِنْقَرَضَ
heat up فعلسَخَّنَ

القواعد في هذا الفيديو

أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:

التركيبفي الفيديو
المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعلهis forced · is sucked · be given
المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآنhave theorized · we've seen · have hypothesized

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

  • أصوات “th”: underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/, thunderstorm /ˈθʌn.dɚˌstɔɹm/, hypothesize /haɪˈpɑ.θəˌsaɪz/, theorize /ˈθɪɹ.aɪz/
  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: duration /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, unleash /ʌnˈliʃ/
  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: momentum /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, similarly /ˈsɪm.ə.lə.li/, phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/

أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:

  • /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: tropical /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/, vapor /ˈveɪpɚ/, percentage /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/, spin /spɪn/, assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/
  • /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: vapor /ˈveɪpɚ/, arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, violent /ˈvaɪ.ə.lənt/, rival /ˈɹaɪvəl/, devastate /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/
  • تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: tropical /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/, cloud /ˈklaʊ̯d/, dense /ˈdɛns/, spin /spɪn/, assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل hurricane, tropical, cloud.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تقنية الشادوينغ: اقرأ الدليل الكامل خطوة بخطوة →