跟讀練習: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Hurricanes - 通過影片學習英語口語
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79 句
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1
few events can rival the power of a hurricane
2
we only have to look back at the devastation wreaked by Hurricane Katrina in August 2005 to realize this.
3
While hurricanes are a natural phenomenon, some experts believe human activity may actually be impacting on their development.
4
Tom Parker reports.
5
Each year in the tropical regions surrounding the equator, hundreds of storms form at sea, some of which will intensify to hurricane level.
6
Research suggests that the strength and duration of these storms is on the increase.
7
Global warming could well be behind this shift.
8
Hurricane expert Julia James explains how hurricanes form and talks about the possible influence of climate change on hurricanes.
9
Hurricanes develop in warm tropical regions, both north and south of the equator.
10
One prerequisite for hurricane formation is a warm ocean surface, at least 27 degrees Celsius.
11
When equatorial winds pass over the sea, they suck up the warm, moist air.
12
As the air is forced upwards, it gets cooler and condenses into clouds.
13
This can result in the formation of cloud clusters and thunderstorms, known as tropical disturbances.
14
The majority of these die out, but some go on to develop into full -blown hurricanes.
15
This happens when converging equatorial winds set off a chain reaction of rising and sinking air.
16
As wind speeds increase, cool air is sucked underneath the rising warm air and the storm begins to rotate.
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It will only be given hurricane status if wind speeds reach 74 miles per hour.
18
and it's only when it hits land
19
and is cut off from its supply of heat
20
that it loses momentum
21
but not without first unleashing winds of up to 185 miles per hour on coastal areas
22
so a warm ocean surface is a key ingredient in hurricane development
23
some experts have theorized that
24
because global warming is heating up our oceans it is also boosting hurricane formation carbon dioxide and other man -made greenhouse gases
25
Raise the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere.
26
This leads to warmer sea surface temperatures, and a warm ocean will produce higher levels of water vapor than a cool one.
27
This water vapor plays an important role in fueling hurricanes and keeping them spinning.
28
It also increases precipitation when the storm reaches land.
29
During Hurricane Katrina, rainfall exceeded 12 inches near New Orleans.
30
Evidence that hurricanes are becoming more severe is quite compelling.
31
What we've seen in recent years is an increase in both the strength and duration of storms, with a higher percentage of devastating
32
Category 4 and 5 hurricanes hitting land annually.
33
Between 1970 and 2005, this figure doubled worldwide.
34
But whether this trend can be attributed to human activity has yet to be scientifically established.
35
Similarly, some experts have hypothesized that the violent storms we are seeing can actually be attributed to natural fluctuations in ocean currents.
36
Whatever the case, if our seas continue to get warmer, hurricane -related losses in the 21st century may be devastating,
37
especially given the fact that coastal populations are becoming denser and denser all the time.
38
Number 1.
39
How does a hurricane begin?
40
Number 2.
41
When is a hurricane at its most powerful?
42
Number 3.
43
According to Julia James, what can increased amounts of carbon dioxide lead to?
44
Thank you.
45
Number four.
46
What happened globally between 1970 and 2005?
47
Number 5.
48
What disturbing assumption does the speaker arrive at?
49
Number 1.
50
How does a hurricane begin?
51
Hurricanes develop in warm tropical regions, both north and south of the equator.
52
One prerequisite for hurricane formation is a warm ocean surface, at least 27 degrees Celsius.
53
When equatorial winds pass over the sea, they suck up the warm, moist air.
54
As the air is forced upwards, it gets cooler and condenses into clouds.
55
This can result in the formation of cloud clusters and thunderstorms, known as tropical disturbances.
56
Number 2.
57
When is a hurricane at its most powerful?
58
it will only be given hurricane status
59
if wind speeds reach 74 miles per hour and it's only
60
when it hits land and is cut off from its supply of heat
61
that it loses momentum
62
but not without first unleashing winds of up to 185 miles per hour on coastal areas number three according to julia James,
63
what can increased amounts of carbon dioxide lead to?
64
Carbon dioxide and other man -made greenhouse gases raise the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere.
65
This leads to warmer sea surface temperatures, and a warm ocean will produce higher levels of water vapor than a cool one.
66
This water vapor plays an important role in fueling hurricanes and keeping them spinning.
67
It also increases precipitation when the storm reaches land.
68
Number four.
69
What happened globally between 1970 and 2005?
70
Evidence that hurricanes are becoming more severe is quite compelling.
71
What we've seen in recent years is an increase in both the strength
72
and duration of storms with a higher percentage of devastating
73
Category 4 and 5 hurricanes hitting land annually.
74
Between 1970 and 2005, this figure doubled worldwide.
75
Number 5.
76
What disturbing assumption does the speaker arrive at?
77
Whatever the case, if our seas continue to get warmer, hurricane -related losses in the 21st century may be devastating,
78
especially given the fact that coastal populations are becoming denser and denser all the time.
79
Thank you.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節口語課以影片“TOEFL Listening Practice”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：hurricane, warm, storm, wind, ocean。 這段影片共有 79 個句子、852 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 8:26。 說話人語速較慢，每分鐘約 101 個詞，你有足夠的時間模仿每一個音。 只有 75% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| hurricane 名詞 | /ˈhʌɹɪkeɪn/ | 颶風 /颶風 |
| tropical 形容詞 | /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/ | 熱帶 /熱帶, 回歸線 /迴歸線 |
| cloud 名詞 | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | йүн, 雲 /雲 |
| dense 形容詞 | /ˈdɛns/ | 密, 稠密 |
| dioxide 名詞 | /daɪˈɑksaɪd/ | 二氧化物 |
| vapor 名詞 | /ˈveɪpɚ/ | 蒸氣 /蒸氣 |
| suck 動詞 | /sʌk/ | 吸吮, 咂 |
| duration 名詞 | /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ | 時間 /時間, 長短 /長短 |
| percentage 名詞 | /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/ | 百分率, 百分比 |
| atmosphere 名詞 | /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ | 大氣 /大氣, 氣圈 /氣圈 |
| arrive 動詞 | /əˈɹaɪv/ | 到達 /到達, 到 |
| spin 動詞 | /spɪn/ | 轉動 /轉動, 自轉 /自轉 |
| assumption 名詞 | /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/ | 假設 /假設 |
| momentum 名詞 | /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/ | 動量 /動量 |
| cluster 名詞 | /ˈklʌstɚ/ | 串, 叢 /叢 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 釋義 |
|---|---|
| heat up 動詞 | 加熱 /加熱 |
| set off 動詞 | 出發 /出發 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | is forced · is sucked · be given |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | have theorized · we've seen · have hypothesized |
需要注意的發音
- “th” 音: underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/, thunderstorm /ˈθʌn.dɚˌstɔɹm/, hypothesize /haɪˈpɑ.θəˌsaɪz/, theorize /ˈθɪɹ.aɪz/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: duration /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, unleash /ʌnˈliʃ/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: momentum /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, similarly /ˈsɪm.ə.lə.li/, phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: vapor /ˈveɪpɚ/, arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, violent /ˈvaɪ.ə.lənt/, rival /ˈɹaɪvəl/, devastate /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: cloud /ˈklaʊ̯d/, dense /ˈdɛns/, dioxide /daɪˈɑksaɪd/, suck /sʌk/, percentage /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: tropical /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/, rival /ˈɹaɪvəl/, equatorial /ˌɛkwəˈtɔːɹiəl/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 hurricane, tropical, cloud 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。