تدريب Shadowing: TOEFL Listening Lecture | Ecosystems - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

اختر وضع التدريب

كل وضع يفتح غرفة تدريب بملء الشاشة.

77 جمل
إذا كانت الجمل قصيرة أو طويلة جدًا، انقر على Edit لتعديلها.
1
Music Music Music Music Music
2
Nature's ecosystems are delicate and the species that inhabit them are closely interrelated.
3
While we can learn valuable lessons by studying natural processes, man's careless intervention can have negative consequences for the environment.
4
Gary Jenkins reports.
5
Macquarie Island is located about halfway between Australia and Antarctica.
6
It was once an uninhabited island with a unique ecosystem.
7
But the arrival of Europeans resulted in widespread destruction to the flora and fauna of this designated
8
World Heritage Site.
9
Ecologist Dr. Stella Burnham is here to tell us about how this ecological disaster came about.
10
To understand the scale of the disaster, we must first look at the history of Macquarie Island.
11
It was discovered in 1810 when traders came on sailing ships to hunt seals there.
12
When rodents on the ship started eating up the crew's food supplies, the sailors introduced cats as a predator.
13
Unfortunately, they escaped the ships and reached the island.
14
Later, with rodents eating the ship's supplies, rabbits were introduced and released onto the island by the sailors as an alternative food source for the crew.
15
Over time, the rabbit population expanded dramatically.
16
Eventually, they fell prey to the cats that helped to keep their numbers down, but not before causing significant damage to the island's plant life.
17
Why?
18
Because rabbits are herbivores.
19
In 1968, as a means of protecting the island's remaining flora,
20
scientists introduced nexomatosis, a disease fatal to rabbits.
21
As a result, the rabbit population plummeted from 130 ,000 in 1978 to less than 20 ,000 within a decade,
22
and the island's vegetation recovered.
23
The problem is, though, that species are interdependent, so as the rabbit population declined, cats looked for new prey,
24
and this had major repercussions for the island's ecosystem.
25
Yes, it did, because the cats began hunting the island's native birds that nest in the ground.
26
Eventually, measures were taken to save the native species of birds.
27
A cat eradication program began in 1985, and the last cat was killed in the year 2000.
28
However, myxomatosis had failed to keep the numbers of rabbits in check,
29
and now with its major predator the cat eliminated the rabbit population soared
30
satellite images show that rabbits have reduced large areas of complex vegetation to short grazed lawns
31
or bare ground by 2007 the threat to some protected valleys
32
and slopes was serious our estimations indicate nearly 40 % of the island area has undergone a change.
33
So you can see that invasive species, in this case the cat and the rabbit, consider major changes, including extinction.
34
In extreme cases, there is ecosystem meltdown or total collapse.
35
That's why we sometimes have to eliminate an alien species.
36
What happened here is an example of trophic cascades the domino
37
effect on the food chain caused by changes in the numbers of species.
38
When one species becomes abundant, it can eat another's food supply, feed on another species, plant or animal,
39
or devastate local flora, which in turn affects more species in the chain.
40
Our studies show there is also a link between trophic cascades and the removal of an invasive species.
41
You see, removing the cat, for example, also adversely affected other ecosystems.
42
The birds recovered, but the rabbit population soared, and then vegetation suffered.
43
So the advantages gained by removing the invader may be lost because another species can thrive.
44
On Macquarie Island, ecosystems have been destroyed, and years of conservation work to save its vegetation are threatened.
45
So what do we learn from the events on Macquarie Island?
46
Clearly human intervention in ecosystems must be viable and comprehensive.
47
This implies that we must evaluate not only the benefits, but also the potential risks of human interference,
48
so as to avoid repeating past mistakes that can cost millions of dollars to put right, if they can be corrected at all.
49
Number 1.
50
Why does Dr. Burnham discuss the case of Macquarie Island?
51
Number 2.
52
Why was myxomatosis introduced by scientists?
53
Number 3.
54
What was the effect of wiping out the cats?
55
Number 4.
56
Why is the removal of an alien species dangerous?
57
Number 5.
58
What do we learn from the research on Macquarie Island?
59
It was once an uninhabited island with a unique ecosystem.
60
But the arrival of Europeans resulted in widespread destruction to the flora and fauna of this designated
61
World Heritage Site.
62
In 1968, as a means of protecting the island's remaining flora,
63
scientists introduced myxomatosis, a disease fatal to rabbits.
64
As a result, the rabbit population plummeted from 130 ,000 in 1978 to less than 20 ,000 within a decade,
65
and the island's vegetation recovered.
66
However, myxomatosis had failed to keep the numbers of rabbits in check, and now, with its major predator,
67
the cat, eliminated, the rabbit population soared.
68
What happened here is an example of trophic cascades, the domino effect on the food chain caused by changes in the numbers of species.
69
Our studies show there is also a link between trophic cascades and the removal of an invasive species.
70
Clearly, human intervention in ecosystems must be viable and comprehensive.
71
This implies that we must evaluate not only the benefits, but also the potential risks of human interference.
72
Thank you.
73
Thank you.
74
Thank you.
75
you I'm sorry.
76
Thank you.
77
Thank you.

تنزيل التطبيق

كل ما تحتاجه للتحدث بطلاقة

تقييم النطق بالذكاء الاصطناعيتقييم كل جملة
تدريب IPAأتقن كل صوت
المفرداتابنِ رصيدك من الكلمات
لعبة المفرداتتعلّم أثناء اللعب
امسح رمز QR
امسح رمز QR
Download on theApp StoreGet it onGoogle Play

نفس القناة

TOEFL Listening Practice | Academic Talk | 2026B2
3

TOEFL Listening Practice | Academic Talk | 2026

TOEFL PrepUniversity Students
TOEFL Listening Practice | Choose a Response Practice with AnswersB2
1

TOEFL Listening Practice | Choose a Response Practice with Answers

TOEFL PrepUniversity Students
TOEFL Listening Lecture | Machine LearningC1
3

TOEFL Listening Lecture | Machine Learning

TOEFL PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | The Warrior Gene (M.A.O.A.)C1
4

TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | The Warrior Gene (M.A.O.A.)

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
TOEFL Listening Practice | Conversation #28 | Student OrientationB1
2

TOEFL Listening Practice | Conversation #28 | Student Orientation

TOEFL PrepUniversity Students
TOEFL Listening: Are You Ready for the New Announcements?B2
7

TOEFL Listening: Are You Ready for the New Announcements?

TOEFL PrepUniversity Students
TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | ArachnophobiaB2
3

TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Arachnophobia

TOEFL PrepUniversity Students
TOEFL Listening Practice 2026 4 Academic Talks Answer KeyC1
3

TOEFL Listening Practice 2026 4 Academic Talks Answer Key

TOEFL PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
TOEFL Listening 2026: Academic Talk Practice to Level Up Test DayC1

TOEFL Listening 2026: Academic Talk Practice to Level Up Test Day

TOEFL PrepUniversity Students
FOR YOU

فيديو موصى به

44 Audio TrackC1
3
21 جمل

44 Audio Track

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
The First Mass Extinction as Explained by Lindsay NikoleC1
4
127 جمل

The First Mass Extinction as Explained by Lindsay Nikole

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
How humans are helping Australian animals make a comeback | LandlineB2
7
130 جمل

How humans are helping Australian animals make a comeback | Landline

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
The Logistics of Living in AntarcticaC1
3
124 جمل

The Logistics of Living in Antarctica

American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
D77_ENVIRONMENTC1
166
10 جمل

D77_ENVIRONMENT

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
What Exactly Is Coral?C1
1
64 جمل

What Exactly Is Coral?

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Phát âm chuẩn - Anh ngữ đặc biệt: Migrating Birds (VOA)C1
2
23 جمل

Phát âm chuẩn - Anh ngữ đặc biệt: Migrating Birds (VOA)

American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 2 Passage 2C1
1
59 جمل

Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 2 Passage 2

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepCambridge Exam Prep
🎧 Luyện Nghe và Luyện Đọc Tiếng Anh #1 | Study with me 📖B2
1
360 جمل

🎧 Luyện Nghe và Luyện Đọc Tiếng Anh #1 | Study with me 📖

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Biodiversity | Consider This #4B2
38
36 جمل

Biodiversity | Consider This #4

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
What’s Ruining Our Ruins?B2
5
120 جمل

What’s Ruining Our Ruins?

American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students

المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

هذا الدرس في المحادثة مبني على الفيديو “TOEFL Listening Lecture”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: rabbit, species, cat, island, ecosystem. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 77 جملة و853 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 10:50. يتكلم المتحدث ببطء، بمعدل 79 كلمة في الدقيقة تقريبًا، فيكون لديك وقت لتقليد كل صوت. 76% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:

الكلمةالنطقالمعنى
rabbit اسم/ˈɹæbɪt/أَرْنَب
ecosystem اسم/ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/نِظَام بِيئِي
introduce فعل/ˌɪntɹəˈdus/قَدَّمَ
vegetation اسم/ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/خُضْرَة, عَشَابَة
intervention اسم/ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/تَدَخُّل, تَطَفُّل
scientist اسم/ˈsaɪəntəst/عَالِم, عَالِمَة
predator اسم/ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/مُفْتَرِس, ضَارٍ
arrival اسم/əˈɹaɪ.vl̩/وُصُول, وِفَادَة
disaster اسم/dɪˈzɑːs.təː/كَارِثَة, مُصِيبَة
comprehensive صفة/ˌkɑm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/شَامِل, شَامِلَة
destruction اسم/dɪsˈtɹʌkʃən/تَدْمِير, هَدْم
fatal صفة/ˈfeɪ.təl/مُمِيت, قَاتِل
interference اسم/ˌɪntəɹˈfɪɹɪns/تَدَاخُل
prey اسم/pɹeɪ/فَرِيسَة
imply فعل/ɪmˈplaɪ/اِنْطَوَى

القواعد في هذا الفيديو

أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:

التركيبفي الفيديو
المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعلهis located · was discovered · were introduced
المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآنhave reduced · has undergone · have been destroyed

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

  • أصوات “th”: threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/, thrive /θɹajv/
  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, destruction /dɪsˈtɹʌkʃən/, conservation /ˌkɑnsə(ɹ)ˈveɪʃən/, extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/
  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, eliminate /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/, comprehensive /ˌkɑm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/

أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:

  • /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: predator /ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/, comprehensive /ˌkɑm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/, widespread /ˌwaɪdˈspɹɛd/, prey /pɹeɪ/, imply /ɪmˈplaɪ/
  • /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, removal /ɹɪˈmuː.vəl/, recover /ɹɪˈkʌvɚ/, intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, invasive /ɪnˈveɪsɪv/
  • تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: introduce /ˌɪntɹəˈdus/, flora /ˈflɔː.ɹə/, scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, predator /ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/, comprehensive /ˌkɑm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل rabbit, ecosystem, introduce.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تقنية الشادوينغ: اقرأ الدليل الكامل خطوة بخطوة →