跟读练习: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Poor Contrast Sensitivity - 通过视频学习英语口语

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66 句
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thousands of people worldwide suffer from a condition called poor contrast sensitivity.
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Contrast sensitivity is the crispness of our vision.
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It enables us to see objects or colors that do not clearly stand out from their backgrounds.
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While this condition can be treated, correction involves wearing glasses or contact lenses or having surgery.
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However, recent research may have provided another solution.
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David Sanderson reports.
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People with poor contrast sensitivity have problems with night driving, including seeing pedestrians walking along poorly lit streets.
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They need extra light to read because they tire easily,
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and they may even stumble in the street when they fail to distinguish a step or curb of a similarly colored sidewalk.
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Poor contrast sensitivity affects the elderly and those suffering from amblyopia, or lazy eye.
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Recently, neuroscientists at the University of Rochester in New York used video games to carry out experiments on poor contrast sensitivity.
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Professor Frank Alexander explains.
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The images we see are processed by the brain into information about our environment.
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Neuroscientists have been studying how certain video games can enhance your eyesight and consequently, brain function.
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In this particular experiment,
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researchers studied two groups of college students who both played video games for 50 hours during a nine -week course.
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One group played action -packed shooter games such as Unreal Tournament and Call of Duty,
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which require precise, visually -guided aiming at targets, while the other played less intense puzzle games like Sims.
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The results indicated that gamers who play shooter games experienced a 43 to 58 % improvement in their contrast sensitivity,
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while those who played non -action games showed none.
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Fast action video games improved the student's spatial resolution or ability to see small objects,
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even when closely packed together on a cluttered screen. In fact, the students who played action games were able to distinguish such
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objects even in the chaotic visual scenes of a game because gaming sharpens vision.
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It also assists the brain in processing situations that are visually complex,
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allowing a player to keep track of multiple items simultaneously while processing information that is constantly being updated or changed.
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Poor contrast sensitivity was once considered impossible to change naturally, that is, without wearing glasses or undergoing surgery.
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This research confirms that it can be improved.
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Consequently, the brain makes better use of the visual information it receives.
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Interestingly, games that best improved contrast sensitivity were unpredictable and required aiming at various targets while distinguishing friend from enemy before shooting.
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This demands consistent alertness and analysis of what's happening on screen.
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But was the improvement temporary or permanent?
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This was crucial to the research.
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The subjects were tested two days after the gaming period, after six months, and then two years later.
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The results confirmed the initial findings video games extend our visual system to its limits
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and the brain adapts itself accordingly the effects remain even two years after the initial gaming period is over
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these findings will be applied to contrast sensitivity in people suffering from amblyopia
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thus helping to give them stereo vision so
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that both eyes are working together and also to the elderly whose contrast sensitivity has deteriorated with age.
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In addition, the research is relevant to jobs requiring the fast, accurate processing of visual stimuli such as piloting a plane,
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scanning x -rays, and screening luggage at airports.
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Scientists are also interested in how video games can improve learning,
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so that one day developers can create games that intrinsically enhance memory, perception, and other mental capabilities.
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Number 1.
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What is poor contrast sensitivity?
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Number 2.
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What was the purpose of the research?
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Number 3.
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What was the main finding of the research study?
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Number 4.
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Which feature of the games did researchers identify as most significant?
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Number 5.
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How can this research be applied outside the medical field?
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Contrast sensitivity is the crispness of our vision.
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It enables us to see objects or colors that do not clearly stand out from their backgrounds.
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And they may even stumble in the street when they fail to distinguish a step or curb of a similarly colored sidewalk.
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Neuroscientists have been studying how certain video games can enhance your eyesight and consequently brain function.
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The results indicated that gamers who play shooter games experienced a 43 % to 58 % improvement in their contrast sensitivity.
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Consequently, the brain makes better use of the visual information it receives.
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Interestingly, games that best improved contrast sensitivity were unpredictable and required aiming at various targets while distinguishing friend from enemy before shooting.
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Poor contrast sensitivity affects the elderly and those suffering from amblyopia, or lazy eye.
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These findings will be applied to contrast sensitivity in people suffering from amblyopia,
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thus helping to give them stereo vision so that both eyes are working together.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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You Thank you.
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We'll be right back so

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节口语课以视频“TOEFL Listening Practice”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：sensitivity, contrast, brain, poor, visual。 这段视频共有 66 个句子、794 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 10:27。 说话人语速较慢，每分钟约 76 个词，你有足够的时间模仿每一个音。 只有 76% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：

单词发音释义
contrast 名词/kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/对比度
suffer 动词/ˈsʌfɚ/受苦, 遭受
distinguish 动词/dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/區別 /区别, 辨別 /辨别
consequently 副词/ˈkɑnsɪˌkwɛntli/所以, 於是 /于是
elderly 形容词/ˈɛldɚli/老
shooter 名词/ˈʃuːtəː/射手
enhance 动词/ɪnˈhæns/改善
confirm 动词/kənˈfɝm/證實 /证实, 確認 /确认
experiment 名词/ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/實驗 /实验
indicate 动词/ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/表明, 表示
similarly 副词/ˈsɪm.ə.lə.li/類似地 /类似地, 同樣地 /同样地
lazy 形容词/ˈleɪ̯zi(ː)/懶 /懒, 懶惰 /懒惰
researcher 名词/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/研究員 /研究员, 研究者
curb 名词/kɝb/路緣 /路缘
stereo 名词/ˈstɛəɹ.i.oʊ/立體聲 /立体声

视频中出现的短语动词

单词发音释义
carry out 动词/ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/進行 /进行

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构视频中的用法
现在完成进行时 have/has been + -ing — 以前开始、现在仍在继续的动作have been studying
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的can be treated · are processed · being updated
定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物students who both · those who played · students who played

需要注意的发音

  • “sh” 和 “zh” 音: contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/, shooter /ˈʃuːtəː/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, perception /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/
  • 长单词——注意重音位置: sensitivity /ˌsɛn.səˈtɪv.ə.ti/, consequently /ˈkɑnsɪˌkwɛntli/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, similarly /ˈsɪm.ə.lə.li/, visually /ˈvɪzju.əli/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

  • /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: sensitivity /ˌsɛn.səˈtɪv.ə.ti/, visually /ˈvɪzju.əli/, involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/, developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/
  • 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/, enhance /ɪnˈhæns/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, indicate /ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/
  • /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, poorly /ˈpʊɹ.li/, accordingly /əˈkɔɹ.dɪŋ.li/

如何用这段视频练习

  1. 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
  2. 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
  3. 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 contrast, suffer, distinguish 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →