Pratique du Shadowing: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Poor Contrast Sensitivity - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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66 phrases
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thousands of people worldwide suffer from a condition called poor contrast sensitivity.
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Contrast sensitivity is the crispness of our vision.
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It enables us to see objects or colors that do not clearly stand out from their backgrounds.
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While this condition can be treated, correction involves wearing glasses or contact lenses or having surgery.
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However, recent research may have provided another solution.
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David Sanderson reports.
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People with poor contrast sensitivity have problems with night driving, including seeing pedestrians walking along poorly lit streets.
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They need extra light to read because they tire easily,
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and they may even stumble in the street when they fail to distinguish a step or curb of a similarly colored sidewalk.
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Poor contrast sensitivity affects the elderly and those suffering from amblyopia, or lazy eye.
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Recently, neuroscientists at the University of Rochester in New York used video games to carry out experiments on poor contrast sensitivity.
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Professor Frank Alexander explains.
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The images we see are processed by the brain into information about our environment.
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Neuroscientists have been studying how certain video games can enhance your eyesight and consequently, brain function.
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In this particular experiment,
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researchers studied two groups of college students who both played video games for 50 hours during a nine -week course.
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One group played action -packed shooter games such as Unreal Tournament and Call of Duty,
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which require precise, visually -guided aiming at targets, while the other played less intense puzzle games like Sims.
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The results indicated that gamers who play shooter games experienced a 43 to 58 % improvement in their contrast sensitivity,
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while those who played non -action games showed none.
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Fast action video games improved the student's spatial resolution or ability to see small objects,
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even when closely packed together on a cluttered screen. In fact, the students who played action games were able to distinguish such
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objects even in the chaotic visual scenes of a game because gaming sharpens vision.
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It also assists the brain in processing situations that are visually complex,
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allowing a player to keep track of multiple items simultaneously while processing information that is constantly being updated or changed.
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Poor contrast sensitivity was once considered impossible to change naturally, that is, without wearing glasses or undergoing surgery.
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This research confirms that it can be improved.
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Consequently, the brain makes better use of the visual information it receives.
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Interestingly, games that best improved contrast sensitivity were unpredictable and required aiming at various targets while distinguishing friend from enemy before shooting.
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This demands consistent alertness and analysis of what's happening on screen.
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But was the improvement temporary or permanent?
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This was crucial to the research.
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The subjects were tested two days after the gaming period, after six months, and then two years later.
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The results confirmed the initial findings video games extend our visual system to its limits
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and the brain adapts itself accordingly the effects remain even two years after the initial gaming period is over
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these findings will be applied to contrast sensitivity in people suffering from amblyopia
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thus helping to give them stereo vision so
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that both eyes are working together and also to the elderly whose contrast sensitivity has deteriorated with age.
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In addition, the research is relevant to jobs requiring the fast, accurate processing of visual stimuli such as piloting a plane,
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scanning x -rays, and screening luggage at airports.
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Scientists are also interested in how video games can improve learning,
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so that one day developers can create games that intrinsically enhance memory, perception, and other mental capabilities.
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Number 1.
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What is poor contrast sensitivity?
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Number 2.
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What was the purpose of the research?
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Number 3.
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What was the main finding of the research study?
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Number 4.
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Which feature of the games did researchers identify as most significant?
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Number 5.
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How can this research be applied outside the medical field?
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Contrast sensitivity is the crispness of our vision.
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It enables us to see objects or colors that do not clearly stand out from their backgrounds.
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And they may even stumble in the street when they fail to distinguish a step or curb of a similarly colored sidewalk.
56
Neuroscientists have been studying how certain video games can enhance your eyesight and consequently brain function.
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The results indicated that gamers who play shooter games experienced a 43 % to 58 % improvement in their contrast sensitivity.
58
Consequently, the brain makes better use of the visual information it receives.
59
Interestingly, games that best improved contrast sensitivity were unpredictable and required aiming at various targets while distinguishing friend from enemy before shooting.
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Poor contrast sensitivity affects the elderly and those suffering from amblyopia, or lazy eye.
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These findings will be applied to contrast sensitivity in people suffering from amblyopia,
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thus helping to give them stereo vision so that both eyes are working together.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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You Thank you.
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We'll be right back so

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « TOEFL Listening Practice ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : sensitivity, contrast, brain, poor, visual. Cette vidéo contient 66 phrases et 794 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 10:27. Le locuteur parle lentement, environ 76 mots par minute, ce qui laisse le temps d’imiter chaque son. Seuls 76 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
contrast nom/kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/contraste
sensitivity nom/ˌsɛn.səˈtɪv.ə.ti/sensibilité
suffer verbe/ˈsʌfɚ/souffrir
distinguish verbe/dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/distinguer
consequently adverbe/ˈkɑnsɪˌkwɛntli/par conséquent
elderly adjectif/ˈɛldɚli/vieux, ancien
shooter nom/ˈʃuːtəː/tireur, tireuse
enhance verbe/ɪnˈhæns/augmenter, accroître
confirm verbe/kənˈfɝm/confirmer
experiment nom/ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/expérience
indicate verbe/ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/indiquer, signaler
enable verbe/ɪˈneɪ.bəl/autoriser, permettre
similarly adverbe/ˈsɪm.ə.lə.li/pareillement, semblablement
lazy adjectif/ˈleɪ̯zi(ː)/paresseux, fainéant
researcher nom/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/chercheur, chercheuse

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

MotPrononciationSens
carry out verbe/ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/sortir, transporter dehors

La grammaire de cette vidéo

Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :

StructureDans la vidéo
Present perfect continu have/has been + -ing — une action commencée avant et toujours en courshave been studying
Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le faitcan be treated · are processed · being updated
Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chosestudents who both · those who played · students who played

Prononciation à surveiller

  • Les sons « sh » et « zh »: contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/, shooter /ˈʃuːtəː/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, perception /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: sensitivity /ˌsɛn.səˈtɪv.ə.ti/, consequently /ˈkɑnsɪˌkwɛntli/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, similarly /ˈsɪm.ə.lə.li/, visually /ˈvɪzju.əli/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

  • /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: researcher /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, luggage /ˈlʌɡ.ɪdʒ/
  • /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, researcher /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/, stereo /ˈstɛəɹ.i.oʊ/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme contrast, sensitivity, suffer.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

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