Практика Shadowing: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Thrill-Seeking Gene - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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no guts no glory

it's the battle cry of thrill seekers everywhere as they dive off cliffs jump out of planes

and ski down avalanche chutes and they do it all just for the rush.

But where do these daredevils get the guts to risk their lives over and over again?

Some scientists believe there's something about adventure junkies that's different from the rest of us, something they're born with.

Could it be that thrill -seeking is literally in their blood?

Dr. Julia Farnsworth is here to explore the latest research with us.

Dr. Farsworth, welcome to the show.

What does the latest research show?

Is thrill -seeking really inborn?

Thanks, Larry.

Yes, there is no evidence that thrill -seeking has a strong genetic component.

Researchers have identified at least two distinct genes that they believe are responsible for thrill -seeking behavior.

Both of these genes have to do with the brain chemical called dopamine, the brain's pleasure chemical.

Dopamine is the substance that makes your brain feel all warm and wonderful inside.

What researchers have found is that the brains of thrill -seekers don't produce and absorb enough dopamine.

This prompts them to go the extra mile to get a dopamine fix, and that means charging into high -sensation activities,

ones that really make palms sweat and heart rates soar.

That's fascinating.

Are there any figures about how many people may actually have these genes?

Researchers believe that at least 30 % of us carry the thrill -seeking genes, but not everyone who has them,

they say, feels the need to jump out of airplanes.

For some people, intellectual challenges can provide the same satisfaction,

and just having the genes doesn't mean that you will necessarily crave new sensations all the time,

which leads critics to argue that the researchers genetic theory is a little too simplistic.

But whether flirting with danger is nature, nurture, or a combination of both, there's no question that it can quickly become a deadly habit.

Hundreds of thrill -seekers a year are killed pursuing a rush.

Researchers are also exploring whether

or not the same genes may play a role in self -destructive adventure -seeking such as drug and alcohol abuse.

So where to from here?

What will scientists do with their newfound knowledge?

Well, it's still rather unclear.

When I asked one researcher if he thought scientists should come up with a cure for self -destructive adventure -seeking,

he replied, without thrill -seekers in the world, we wouldn't have any

United States of America because Columbus never would have taken off.

We never would have put a man on the moon, and we wouldn't have Wall Street.

I don't think we want to get into the business of treating core personality traits unless they're really harmful to the person.

So, at least for the moment, listeners, it appears that there's no new wonder drug on the way to take away the urge for adventure,

nor will a blood test be available anytime soon to find out whether you have the thrill -seeker genes.

But there is good news in store for those of you who are couch potatoes.

Scientists say they may also have discovered the gene for laziness.

What is the main idea of the segment?

What is true of thrill -seekers and the levels of dopamine in their brains?

According to scientists, how many people carry the genes for thrill -seeking?

What is true about people who have the thrill -seeking genes?

Why does the speaker mention

Columbus, Wall Street, and putting a man on the moon?

no guts no glory

it's the battle cry of thrill seekers everywhere as they dive off cliffs jump out of planes and ski down avalanche chutes.

And they do it all just for the rush.

But where do these daredevils get the guts to risk their lives over and over again?

Some scientists believe there's something about adventure junkies that's different from the rest of us, something they're born with.

Could it be that thrill -seeking is literally in their blood?

Dr. Julia Farnsworth is here to explore the latest research with us.

Dr. Farsworth, welcome to the show.

What does the latest research show?

Is thrill -seeking really inborn?

Thanks, Larry.

Yes, there is no evidence that thrill -seeking has a strong genetic component.

Researchers have identified at least two distinct genes that they believe are responsible for thrill -seeking behavior.

Both of these genes have to do with the brain chemical called dopamine, the brain's pleasure chemical.

Dopamine is the substance that makes your brain feel all warm and wonderful inside.

What researchers have found is that the brains of thrill -seekers don't produce and absorb enough dopamine.

This prompts them to go the extra mile to get a dopamine fix, and that means charging into high -sensation activities,

ones that really make palms sweat and heart rates soar.

That's fascinating.

Are there any figures about how many people may actually have these genes?

Researchers believe that at least 30 % of us carry the thrill -seeking genes, but not everyone who has them,

they say, feels the need to jump out of airplanes.

For some people, intellectual challenges can provide the same satisfaction

and just having the genes doesn't mean

that you will necessarily crave new sensations all the time

which leads critics to argue that the researcher's genetic theory is a little too simplistic

but whether flirting with danger is nature nurture

or a combination of both there's no question

that it can quickly become a deadly habit hundreds of thrill seekers a year are killed pursuing a rush

Researchers are also exploring whether or not the same genes may play a role in self -destructive adventure -seeking, such as drug and alcohol abuse.

So where to from here?

What will scientists do with their newfound knowledge?

Well, it's still rather unclear.

When I asked one researcher if he thought scientists should come up with a cure for self -destructive adventure -seeking,

he replied, Without thrill -seekers in the world, we wouldn't have any

United States of America, because Columbus never would have taken off.

We never would have put a man on the moon, and we wouldn't have Wall Street.

I don't think we want to get into the business of treating core personality traits unless they're really harmful to the person.

So, at least for the moment, listeners, it appears

that there's no new wonder drug on the way to take

away the urge for adventure nor will a blood test be

available anytime soon to find out whether you have the thrill -seeker genes.

But there is good news in store for those of you who are couch potatoes.

Scientists say they may also have discovered the gene for laziness.

What is the main idea of the segment?

What is true of thrill -seekers and the levels of dopamine in their brains?

According to scientists, how many people carry the genes for thrill -seeking?

What is true about people who have the thrill -seeking genes?

Why does the speaker mention

Columbus, Wall Street, and putting a man on the moon?

Thank you.

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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

Этот урок разговорной практики построен на видео «TOEFL Listening Practice». Чаще всего повторяются слова: thrill, gene, seeking, seeker, researcher. В этом видео 98 предложений и 1192 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 9:23. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 127 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. Только 79% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная. Вопросов здесь 24 из 98 предложений, так что это хорошая тренировка вопросительной интонации и коротких ответов.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:

Слово	Произношение	Значение
thrill глагол	/θɹɪl/	взволнова́ть
gene существительное	/d͡ʒiːn/	ген
researcher существительное	/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/	иссле́дователь, иссле́довательница
scientist существительное	/ˈsaɪəntəst/	учёный, учёная
adventure существительное	/ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/	приключе́ние, собы́тие
rush глагол	/ɹʌʃ/	спеши́ть, поспеши́ть
genetic прилагательное	/d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/	генети́ческий
explore глагол	/ɪkˈsploɹ/	иссле́довать
sensation существительное	/sɛnˈseɪʃən/	ощуще́ние, чу́вство
destructive прилагательное	/dɪˈstɹʌktɪv/	разруши́тельный
guts существительное	/ɡʌts/	кишки́
necessarily наречие	/ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/	обяза́тельно
argue глагол	/ˈɑɹ.ɡju/	спо́рить, обсужда́ть
discover глагол	/dɪˈskʌvə/	открыва́ть, откры́ть
glory существительное	/ˈɡlɔːɹi/	великоле́пие, сла́ва

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Слово	Значение
come up with глагол	придумывать, приходить в голову
find out глагол	узнава́ть, узна́ть
take off глагол	снима́ть, снять

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

Конструкция	В видео
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас	have identified · have found
Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете	everyone who has · people who have
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает	are killed

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 14 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например don't, they're, wouldn't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

Звуки «sh» и «zh»: rush /ɹʌʃ/, sensation /sɛnˈseɪʃən/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/, avalanche /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/, chute /ʃut/
Длинные слова — следите за ударением: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/

Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:

/h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: habit /ˈhæb.ɪt/, harmful /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/
Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: destructive /dɪˈstɹʌktɪv/, dive /daɪv/, urge /ɜːd͡ʒ/, absorb /æbˈsɔɹb/, crave /kɹeɪv/

Как заниматься с этим видео

Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как thrill, gene, researcher.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →

Практика Shadowing: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Thrill-Seeking Gene - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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