Shadowing Practice: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Thrill-Seeking Gene - Learn English Speaking with Video

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1
no guts no glory
2
it's the battle cry of thrill seekers everywhere as they dive off cliffs jump out of planes
3
and ski down avalanche chutes and they do it all just for the rush.
4
But where do these daredevils get the guts to risk their lives over and over again?
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Some scientists believe there's something about adventure junkies that's different from the rest of us, something they're born with.
6
Could it be that thrill -seeking is literally in their blood?
7
Dr. Julia Farnsworth is here to explore the latest research with us.
8
Dr. Farsworth, welcome to the show.
9
What does the latest research show?
10
Is thrill -seeking really inborn?
11
Thanks, Larry.
12
Yes, there is no evidence that thrill -seeking has a strong genetic component.
13
Researchers have identified at least two distinct genes that they believe are responsible for thrill -seeking behavior.
14
Both of these genes have to do with the brain chemical called dopamine, the brain's pleasure chemical.
15
Dopamine is the substance that makes your brain feel all warm and wonderful inside.
16
What researchers have found is that the brains of thrill -seekers don't produce and absorb enough dopamine.
17
This prompts them to go the extra mile to get a dopamine fix, and that means charging into high -sensation activities,
18
ones that really make palms sweat and heart rates soar.
19
That's fascinating.
20
Are there any figures about how many people may actually have these genes?
21
Researchers believe that at least 30 % of us carry the thrill -seeking genes, but not everyone who has them,
22
they say, feels the need to jump out of airplanes.
23
For some people, intellectual challenges can provide the same satisfaction,
24
and just having the genes doesn't mean that you will necessarily crave new sensations all the time,
25
which leads critics to argue that the researchers genetic theory is a little too simplistic.
26
But whether flirting with danger is nature, nurture, or a combination of both, there's no question that it can quickly become a deadly habit.
27
Hundreds of thrill -seekers a year are killed pursuing a rush.
28
Researchers are also exploring whether
29
or not the same genes may play a role in self -destructive adventure -seeking such as drug and alcohol abuse.
30
So where to from here?
31
What will scientists do with their newfound knowledge?
32
Well, it's still rather unclear.
33
When I asked one researcher if he thought scientists should come up with a cure for self -destructive adventure -seeking,
34
he replied, without thrill -seekers in the world, we wouldn't have any
35
United States of America because Columbus never would have taken off.
36
We never would have put a man on the moon, and we wouldn't have Wall Street.
37
I don't think we want to get into the business of treating core personality traits unless they're really harmful to the person.
38
So, at least for the moment, listeners, it appears that there's no new wonder drug on the way to take away the urge for adventure,
39
nor will a blood test be available anytime soon to find out whether you have the thrill -seeker genes.
40
But there is good news in store for those of you who are couch potatoes.
41
Scientists say they may also have discovered the gene for laziness.
42
What is the main idea of the segment?
43
What is true of thrill -seekers and the levels of dopamine in their brains?
44
According to scientists, how many people carry the genes for thrill -seeking?
45
What is true about people who have the thrill -seeking genes?
46
Why does the speaker mention
47
Columbus, Wall Street, and putting a man on the moon?
48
no guts no glory
49
it's the battle cry of thrill seekers everywhere as they dive off cliffs jump out of planes and ski down avalanche chutes.
50
And they do it all just for the rush.
51
But where do these daredevils get the guts to risk their lives over and over again?
52
Some scientists believe there's something about adventure junkies that's different from the rest of us, something they're born with.
53
Could it be that thrill -seeking is literally in their blood?
54
Dr. Julia Farnsworth is here to explore the latest research with us.
55
Dr. Farsworth, welcome to the show.
56
What does the latest research show?
57
Is thrill -seeking really inborn?
58
Thanks, Larry.
59
Yes, there is no evidence that thrill -seeking has a strong genetic component.
60
Researchers have identified at least two distinct genes that they believe are responsible for thrill -seeking behavior.
61
Both of these genes have to do with the brain chemical called dopamine, the brain's pleasure chemical.
62
Dopamine is the substance that makes your brain feel all warm and wonderful inside.
63
What researchers have found is that the brains of thrill -seekers don't produce and absorb enough dopamine.
64
This prompts them to go the extra mile to get a dopamine fix, and that means charging into high -sensation activities,
65
ones that really make palms sweat and heart rates soar.
66
That's fascinating.
67
Are there any figures about how many people may actually have these genes?
68
Researchers believe that at least 30 % of us carry the thrill -seeking genes, but not everyone who has them,
69
they say, feels the need to jump out of airplanes.
70
For some people, intellectual challenges can provide the same satisfaction
71
and just having the genes doesn't mean
72
that you will necessarily crave new sensations all the time
73
which leads critics to argue that the researcher's genetic theory is a little too simplistic
74
but whether flirting with danger is nature nurture
75
or a combination of both there's no question
76
that it can quickly become a deadly habit hundreds of thrill seekers a year are killed pursuing a rush
77
Researchers are also exploring whether or not the same genes may play a role in self -destructive adventure -seeking, such as drug and alcohol abuse.
78
So where to from here?
79
What will scientists do with their newfound knowledge?
80
Well, it's still rather unclear.
81
When I asked one researcher if he thought scientists should come up with a cure for self -destructive adventure -seeking,
82
he replied, Without thrill -seekers in the world, we wouldn't have any
83
United States of America, because Columbus never would have taken off.
84
We never would have put a man on the moon, and we wouldn't have Wall Street.
85
I don't think we want to get into the business of treating core personality traits unless they're really harmful to the person.
86
So, at least for the moment, listeners, it appears
87
that there's no new wonder drug on the way to take
88
away the urge for adventure nor will a blood test be
89
available anytime soon to find out whether you have the thrill -seeker genes.
90
But there is good news in store for those of you who are couch potatoes.
91
Scientists say they may also have discovered the gene for laziness.
92
What is the main idea of the segment?
93
What is true of thrill -seekers and the levels of dopamine in their brains?
94
According to scientists, how many people carry the genes for thrill -seeking?
95
What is true about people who have the thrill -seeking genes?
96
Why does the speaker mention
97
Columbus, Wall Street, and putting a man on the moon?
98
Thank you.

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “TOEFL Listening Practice”. Las palabras que más se repiten: thrill, gene, seeking, seeker, researcher. Este vídeo tiene 98 frases y 1192 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 9:23. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 127 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. Solo el 79 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente. 24 de sus 98 frases son preguntas, así que sirve para practicar la entonación de las preguntas y las respuestas cortas.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:

PalabraPronunciaciónSignificado
thrill verbo/θɹɪl/emocionar, excitar
gene sustantivo/d͡ʒiːn/gen, gene
researcher sustantivo/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/investigador, investigadora
scientist sustantivo/ˈsaɪəntəst/científico, científica
adventure sustantivo/ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/aventura
rush verbo/ɹʌʃ/correr, apurarse
genetic adjetivo/d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/genético
explore verbo/ɪkˈsploɹ/explorar
sensation sustantivo/sɛnˈseɪʃən/sensación
destructive adjetivo/dɪˈstɹʌktɪv/destructivo
guts sustantivo/ɡʌts/tripas, tripa
necessarily adverbio/ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/necesariamente
argue verbo/ˈɑɹ.ɡju/argüir, argumentar
discover verbo/dɪˈskʌvə/descubrir
glory sustantivo/ˈɡlɔːɹi/gloria

Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar

PalabraPronunciaciónSignificado
come up with verboingeniar, ingeniarse
find out verboaveriguar, anoticiarse
take off verboquitarse
take away verbo/ˌteɪk əˈweɪ/quitar

Gramática en este vídeo

Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:

EstructuraEn el vídeo
Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahorahave identified · have found
Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosaeveryone who has · people who have
Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo haceare killed

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

El hablante usa 14 contracciones y formas reducidas, como don't, they're, wouldn't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.

  • Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: rush /ɹʌʃ/, sensation /sɛnˈseɪʃən/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/, avalanche /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/, chute /ʃut/
  • Palabras largas — cuida el acento: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/

Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:

  • /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: adventure /ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/, destructive /dɪˈstɹʌktɪv/, discover /dɪˈskʌvə/, dive /daɪv/, avalanche /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/
  • /dʒ/ — no es la “y” ni la “ch”: gene /d͡ʒiːn/, genetic /d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/, urge /ɜːd͡ʒ/
  • /h/ — una aspiración suave, no la “j”: habit /ˈhæb.ɪt/, harmful /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

  1. Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
  2. Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
  3. Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como thrill, gene, researcher.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →