Prática de Shadowing: Bài 9 - Du Lịch đen - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
Criando lição...
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This is 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com Welcome to 6 Minute English.
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I'm Rob.
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And I'm Neil.
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Hello.
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Today we're talking about an unusual type of tourism.
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Now, tourism is the business of providing services such as transport, or places to stay, or entertainment for people who are on holiday.
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But instead of providing sunny holidays in a nice hotel by the sea, this is where tourists travel to sites of death, brutality and terror.
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It's being called dark tourism.
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Now, Rob, have you ever been to any dark tourist destination or place?
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Yes, I visited Auschwitz in Poland.
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A fascinating trip, but an obviously depressing place.
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And next month I'm planning to go to visit Chernobyl, the site of a catastrophic nuclear accident back in 1986.
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So these are not your typical sightseeing trips, but a visit to places that make you curious because of their significance significance, their importance in history.
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Exactly.
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We'll talk more about this soon, but not before I set you today's question.
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Now, Robyn Island in South Africa is one dark tourism destination.
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It's where Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for 18 years.
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But do you know in which year it finally closed as a prison?
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Was it in A 1991, B 1996 or C 1999?
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I don't know but I am going to guess A 1991
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because I think he was released in 89 and surely they would have shut it down pretty quickly after that.
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Well, I like your thinking.
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I'll reveal the answer later on.
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So let's talk more about dark tourism.
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The word dark is used here because it relates to places that are connected with bad or sinister things, or things that could be considered morally wrong.
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It's strange to want to visit places like these.
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There is what we call a morbid fascination.
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It's showing an interest in things connected with death and destruction, and these kinds of trips are on the increase.
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Yes, there are organised tours to places like Ground Zero in New York, the killing fields in Cambodia and the nuclear power station in Chernobyl.
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And there are the battlefields of World War I and II and the top security prison of Alcatraz.
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There are also plans to turn the disaster site of the
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Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in Japan into a tourist destination once the radiation is reduced.
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But why do people want to visit these macabre sites?
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Well, I mentioned curiosity and a chance to learn about history, but sometimes people just feel compelled to visit them.
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But what about the ethics of dark tourism?
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Is it wrong to make this trip?
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Are we not just exploiting or making money or cashing in on someone suffering?
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Dr Philip Stone is an expert in the subject.
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He's director of the Institute for Dark Tourism Research.
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He says this type of tourism isn't new.
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People have been visiting these types of places for years.
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He says it's always been there.
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It's not new in the sense that we are fascinated by other death and the people's suffering,
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but it's how it's packaged up by the tourist industry.
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So, he says, dark tourism isn't new.
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In fact, a medieval execution was an early form of dark tourism.
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Maybe it's just human nature that draws us to these places.
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Dr Stone says it's all about how these dark trips are packaged.
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So it depends how they're sold and how tasteful they are.
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Are they sensitive to the horrors of what has taken place?
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Yes, being able to walk around a historic site or visit a museum is one thing,
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but how about staying in a former prison in Latvia and paying to be treated like a prisoner?
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Or how about crawling around Vietnamese war tunnels whilst people fire guns outside?
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Hmm, maybe that's taking the experience too far.
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Dr Stone says there's a blurred line between memorialisation and tourism.
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He means it's hard to separate going to remember an event and the people who've died
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with visiting somewhere as part of a holiday.
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Another issue when visiting these places is how you remember your visit you must be respectful.
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Perhaps taking photos, yes, but should you take a selfie?
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And should you buy a souvenir or send a postcard home?
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Yes, well you certainly wouldn't write on your postcard, wish you were here.
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Anyway, let's now reveal the answer to the question I set you earlier.
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Yes, this was about the former prison on Robben Island, which is now a popular destination for dark tourism.
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I asked you when it finally closed as a prison.
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Was it in A 1991, B 1996 or C 1999?
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And I said A 1991.
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you were wrong actually.
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It was in 1996.
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About 350,000 people now visit the site every year, which shows how much interest there is in a place that you would have once never wanted to go near.
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Is it somewhere you would like to visit, Neil?
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Err, I'm not so sure about dark tourism, to be honest.
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OK.
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Well, could you instead remind us of the vocabulary that we've heard today?
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Yes, we heard...
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...tourism, depressing, catastrophic, curious, morally wrong,
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morbid fascination, macabre, compelled, ethics,
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exploiting, human nature, tasteful, memorialisation, Respectful.
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Thanks, Neil.
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Well, we hope you've enjoyed today's programme.
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Please join us again soon for 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Bye.
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Bye.
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That was 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B2 usa o vídeo “Bài 9 - Du Lịch đen”. As palavras que mais se repetem: tourism, dark, visit, site, prison. Este vídeo tem 83 frases e 890 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 6:06. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 146 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. Apenas 81% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente. 15 das 83 frases são perguntas, por isso é um bom treino para a entonação de perguntas e respostas curtas.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| compel verbo | /kəmˈpɛl/ | forçar, obrigar |
| fascinate verbo | /ˈfæsɪneɪt/ | fascinar |
| fascination substantivo | /fæsɪˈneɪʃən/ | fascinação, fascínio |
| macabre adjetivo | /məˈkɑb/ | macabro |
| morbid adjetivo | /ˈmɔɹ.bɪd/ | mórbido |
| postcard substantivo | /ˈpoʊstˌkɑɹd/ | cartão-postal, postal |
| catastrophic adjetivo | /ˌkætəˈstɹɑfɪk/ | catastrófico |
| morally advérbio | /ˈmɔɹəli/ | moralmente |
| respectful adjetivo | /ɹɪˈspɛkt.fl̩/ | respeitoso |
| exploit substantivo | /ˈɛksplɔɪt/ | façanha, proeza |
| depressing adjetivo | /dɪˈpɹɛsɪŋ/ | deprimente |
| significance substantivo | /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ | significância |
| imprison verbo | /ɪmˈpɹɪzən/ | aprisionar, prender |
| souvenir substantivo | /ˈsu.vəˌnɪɹ/ | suvenir, souvenir |
| blur verbo | /blɝ/ | desfocar |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| walk around verbo | dar uma volta, andar por |
Frases que vale a pena repetir
Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:
- Today we're talking about an unusual type of tourism.
- I'll reveal the answer later on.
- Perhaps taking photos, yes, but should you take a selfie?
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | being called · was imprisoned · was released |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | has taken · we've heard · you've enjoyed |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | people who are · Island, which is |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 15 contrações e formas reduzidas, como I'm, isn't, don't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: fascination /fæsɪˈneɪʃən/, memorialization /məˌmɔːɹi.əˌlaɪˈzeɪ̯.ʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: fascination /fæsɪˈneɪʃən/, memorialization /məˌmɔːɹi.əˌlaɪˈzeɪ̯.ʃən/, catastrophic /ˌkætəˈstɹɑfɪk/, significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/, brutality /ˌbɹuːˈtælɪti/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt/, macabre /məˈkɑb/, morbid /ˈmɔɹ.bɪd/, postcard /ˈpoʊstˌkɑɹd/, catastrophic /ˌkætəˈstɹɑfɪk/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: compel /kəmˈpɛl/, tasteful /ˈteɪstfəl/, crawl /kɹɔːl/, medieval /mɪdˈi.vəl/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como compel, fascinate, fascination.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.