跟讀練習: Bài 9 - Du Lịch đen - 通過影片學習英語口語
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This is 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com Welcome to 6 Minute English.
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I'm Rob.
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And I'm Neil.
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Hello.
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Today we're talking about an unusual type of tourism.
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Now, tourism is the business of providing services such as transport, or places to stay, or entertainment for people who are on holiday.
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But instead of providing sunny holidays in a nice hotel by the sea, this is where tourists travel to sites of death, brutality and terror.
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It's being called dark tourism.
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Now, Rob, have you ever been to any dark tourist destination or place?
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Yes, I visited Auschwitz in Poland.
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A fascinating trip, but an obviously depressing place.
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And next month I'm planning to go to visit Chernobyl, the site of a catastrophic nuclear accident back in 1986.
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So these are not your typical sightseeing trips, but a visit to places that make you curious because of their significance significance, their importance in history.
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Exactly.
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We'll talk more about this soon, but not before I set you today's question.
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Now, Robyn Island in South Africa is one dark tourism destination.
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It's where Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for 18 years.
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But do you know in which year it finally closed as a prison?
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Was it in A 1991, B 1996 or C 1999?
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I don't know but I am going to guess A 1991
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because I think he was released in 89 and surely they would have shut it down pretty quickly after that.
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Well, I like your thinking.
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I'll reveal the answer later on.
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So let's talk more about dark tourism.
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The word dark is used here because it relates to places that are connected with bad or sinister things, or things that could be considered morally wrong.
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It's strange to want to visit places like these.
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There is what we call a morbid fascination.
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It's showing an interest in things connected with death and destruction, and these kinds of trips are on the increase.
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Yes, there are organised tours to places like Ground Zero in New York, the killing fields in Cambodia and the nuclear power station in Chernobyl.
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And there are the battlefields of World War I and II and the top security prison of Alcatraz.
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There are also plans to turn the disaster site of the
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Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in Japan into a tourist destination once the radiation is reduced.
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But why do people want to visit these macabre sites?
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Well, I mentioned curiosity and a chance to learn about history, but sometimes people just feel compelled to visit them.
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But what about the ethics of dark tourism?
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Is it wrong to make this trip?
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Are we not just exploiting or making money or cashing in on someone suffering?
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Dr Philip Stone is an expert in the subject.
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He's director of the Institute for Dark Tourism Research.
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He says this type of tourism isn't new.
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People have been visiting these types of places for years.
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He says it's always been there.
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It's not new in the sense that we are fascinated by other death and the people's suffering,
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but it's how it's packaged up by the tourist industry.
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So, he says, dark tourism isn't new.
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In fact, a medieval execution was an early form of dark tourism.
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Maybe it's just human nature that draws us to these places.
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Dr Stone says it's all about how these dark trips are packaged.
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So it depends how they're sold and how tasteful they are.
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Are they sensitive to the horrors of what has taken place?
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Yes, being able to walk around a historic site or visit a museum is one thing,
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but how about staying in a former prison in Latvia and paying to be treated like a prisoner?
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Or how about crawling around Vietnamese war tunnels whilst people fire guns outside?
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Hmm, maybe that's taking the experience too far.
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Dr Stone says there's a blurred line between memorialisation and tourism.
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He means it's hard to separate going to remember an event and the people who've died
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with visiting somewhere as part of a holiday.
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Another issue when visiting these places is how you remember your visit you must be respectful.
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Perhaps taking photos, yes, but should you take a selfie?
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And should you buy a souvenir or send a postcard home?
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Yes, well you certainly wouldn't write on your postcard, wish you were here.
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Anyway, let's now reveal the answer to the question I set you earlier.
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Yes, this was about the former prison on Robben Island, which is now a popular destination for dark tourism.
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I asked you when it finally closed as a prison.
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Was it in A 1991, B 1996 or C 1999?
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And I said A 1991.
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you were wrong actually.
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It was in 1996.
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About 350,000 people now visit the site every year, which shows how much interest there is in a place that you would have once never wanted to go near.
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Is it somewhere you would like to visit, Neil?
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Err, I'm not so sure about dark tourism, to be honest.
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OK.
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Well, could you instead remind us of the vocabulary that we've heard today?
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Yes, we heard...
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...tourism, depressing, catastrophic, curious, morally wrong,
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morbid fascination, macabre, compelled, ethics,
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exploiting, human nature, tasteful, memorialisation, Respectful.
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Thanks, Neil.
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Well, we hope you've enjoyed today's programme.
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Please join us again soon for 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Bye.
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Bye.
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That was 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節 B2 級別的口語課以影片“Bài 9 - Du Lịch đen”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：tourism, dark, visit, site, prison。 這段影片共有 83 個句子、890 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 6:06。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 146 個詞，很適合跟讀。 只有 81% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。 全部 83 個句子中有 15 個是問句，適合練習疑問語調和簡短回答。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| compel 動詞 | /kəmˈpɛl/ | 強迫 /強迫 |
| fascinate 動詞 | /ˈfæsɪneɪt/ | 誘惑 /誘惑, 迷住 |
| fascination 名詞 | /fæsɪˈneɪʃən/ | 魅惑 |
| postcard 名詞 | /ˈpoʊstˌkɑɹd/ | 明信片 |
| tasteful 形容詞 | /ˈteɪstfəl/ | 有品味的, 雅緻 /雅緻 |
| catastrophic 形容詞 | /ˌkætəˈstɹɑfɪk/ | 災難的 /災難的, 災難性的 /災難性的 |
| respectful 形容詞 | /ɹɪˈspɛkt.fl̩/ | 恭敬 |
| exploit 名詞 | /ˈɛksplɔɪt/ | 功勛 /功勳, 勛績 /勳績 |
| depressing 形容詞 | /dɪˈpɹɛsɪŋ/ | 令人沮喪的 /令人沮喪的 |
| significance 名詞 | /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ | 重要性 |
| imprison 動詞 | /ɪmˈpɹɪzən/ | 關押 /關押, 監禁 /監禁 |
| sightseeing 名詞 | 觀光 /觀光, 遊覽 /遊覽 | |
| souvenir 名詞 | /ˈsu.vəˌnɪɹ/ | 紀念品 /紀念品 |
| blur 動詞 | /blɝ/ | 模糊 |
| brutality 名詞 | /ˌbɹuːˈtælɪti/ | 殘暴 /殘暴, 殘忍 /殘忍 |
值得反覆跟讀的句子
影片中簡短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常對話裡：
- Today we're talking about an unusual type of tourism.
- I'll reveal the answer later on.
- Perhaps taking photos, yes, but should you take a selfie?
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | being called · was imprisoned · was released |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | it's always been · has taken · we've heard |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | people who are · Island, which is |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 15 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 I'm, isn't, don't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: fascination /fæsɪˈneɪʃən/, memorialization /məˌmɔːɹi.əˌlaɪˈzeɪ̯.ʃən/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: fascination /fæsɪˈneɪʃən/, memorialization /məˌmɔːɹi.əˌlaɪˈzeɪ̯.ʃən/, catastrophic /ˌkætəˈstɹɑfɪk/, significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/, brutality /ˌbɹuːˈtælɪti/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: souvenir /ˈsu.vəˌnɪɹ/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, medieval /mɪdˈi.vəl/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt/, macabre /məˈkɑb/, morbid /ˈmɔɹ.bɪd/, postcard /ˈpoʊstˌkɑɹd/, catastrophic /ˌkætəˈstɹɑfɪk/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: memorialization /məˌmɔːɹi.əˌlaɪˈzeɪ̯.ʃən/, morally /ˈmɔɹəli/, respectful /ɹɪˈspɛkt.fl̩/, brutality /ˌbɹuːˈtælɪti/, crawl /kɹɔːl/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 compel, fascinate, fascination 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。