Prática de Shadowing: Reversible and Irreversible Changes to Matter - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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Matter can change in different ways.
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When we play with modelling clay, for example, we can transform it into different shapes by pushing, pulling or twisting.
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We can also roll it back into its original shape.
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This is a reversible change.
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Heat can also change matter.
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When we add heat to ice, it melts and becomes water.
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This is called melting.
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If we cool the water, it changes back into solid ice.
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This is called freezing.
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Melting and freezing are reversible changes.
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But some changes are irreversible.
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When we cook a raw egg, it changes from liquid to solid.
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Even if it cools down, it won't become a raw egg again.
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Cutting a piece of paper is also irreversible.
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Once it's cut, we can't turn the pieces back into a whole paper.
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Burning is another irreversible change.
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When we burn a piece of paper, it turns into ash, which can't be turned back into paper.
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Rusting is also irreversible.
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When iron reacts with water and oxygen, it rusts.
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Rust can't be transformed back into iron.
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Chemical reactions can cause irreversible changes too.
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When vinegar and baking soda react, they create carbon dioxide gas, which can't be turned back into vinegar and baking soda.
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Remember, some changes are reversible, like shaping clay or melting and freezing water.
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But others, like cooking an egg, cutting paper, burning, rusting or chemical reactions, are irreversible.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição

Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “Reversible and Irreversible Changes to Matter”. As palavras que mais se repetem: irreversible, paper, reversible, melting, freezing. Este vídeo tem 25 frases e 235 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 2:01. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 116 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. Apenas 76% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.

Vocabulário principal deste vídeo

15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:

PalavraPronúnciaSignificado
melt verbo/mɛlt/derreter, fundir
rust substantivo/ɹʌst/ferrugem
freeze verbo/ˈfɹiːz/gelar, congelar
clay substantivo/kleɪ/argila
react verbo/ɹiːˈækt/reagir
soda substantivo/ˈsoʊdə/soda cáustica
transform verbo/tɹænsˈfɔɹm/transformar
bake verbo/beɪk/assar
vinegar substantivo/ˈvɪnəɡɚ/vinagre
liquid substantivo/ˈlɪk.wɪd/líquido
oxygen substantivo/ˈɑksɪd͡ʒən/oxigênio, oxigénio
twist verbo/twɪst/torcer
subscribe verbo/səbˈskɹaɪb/assinar
dioxide substantivo/daɪˈɑksaɪd/bióxido
irreversible adjetivo/ˌɪr.ɪˈvɝ.sə.bəl/irreversível

Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir

PalavraPronúnciaSignificado
cool down verbo/kuːl ˈdaʊn/esfriar, arrefecer

Gramática neste vídeo

As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:

EstruturaNo vídeo
Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem fazis called · can't be turned · can't be transformed
Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisaash, which can · gas, which can

Pronúncia para ficar de olho

O falante usa 6 contrações e formas reduzidas, como can't, don't, won't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.

  • Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: irreversible /ˌɪr.ɪˈvɝ.sə.bəl/, reversible /ɹəˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪbəl/

Sons difíceis para falantes de português:

  • Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: melt /mɛlt/, rust /ɹʌst/, react /ɹiːˈækt/, bake /beɪk/, liquid /ˈlɪk.wɪd/
  • /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: irreversible /ˌɪr.ɪˈvɝ.sə.bəl/, reversible /ɹəˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪbəl/

Como praticar com este vídeo

  1. Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
  2. Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
  3. Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como melt, rust, freeze.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

Técnica de shadowing: leia o guia completo passo a passo →