跟讀練習: Reversible and Irreversible Changes to Matter - 通過影片學習英語口語

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25 句

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Matter can change in different ways.

When we play with modelling clay, for example, we can transform it into different shapes by pushing, pulling or twisting.

We can also roll it back into its original shape.

This is a reversible change.

Heat can also change matter.

When we add heat to ice, it melts and becomes water.

This is called melting.

If we cool the water, it changes back into solid ice.

This is called freezing.

Melting and freezing are reversible changes.

But some changes are irreversible.

When we cook a raw egg, it changes from liquid to solid.

Even if it cools down, it won't become a raw egg again.

Cutting a piece of paper is also irreversible.

Once it's cut, we can't turn the pieces back into a whole paper.

Burning is another irreversible change.

When we burn a piece of paper, it turns into ash, which can't be turned back into paper.

Rusting is also irreversible.

When iron reacts with water and oxygen, it rusts.

Rust can't be transformed back into iron.

Chemical reactions can cause irreversible changes too.

When vinegar and baking soda react, they create carbon dioxide gas, which can't be turned back into vinegar and baking soda.

Remember, some changes are reversible, like shaping clay or melting and freezing water.

But others, like cooking an egg, cutting paper, burning, rusting or chemical reactions, are irreversible.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節口語課以影片“Reversible and Irreversible Changes to Matter”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：irreversible, paper, reversible, melting, freezing。這段影片共有 25 個句子、235 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 2:01。說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 116 個詞，很適合跟讀。只有 76% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 14 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
melt 動詞	/mɛlt/	融化, 熔化
rust 名詞	/ɹʌst/	鏽 /鏽, 鐵鏽 /鐵鏽
freeze 動詞	/ˈfɹiːz/	凍結 /凍結, 凍 /凍
clay 名詞	/kleɪ/	黏土
soda 名詞	/ˈsoʊdə/	蘇打 /蘇打, 碳酸鈉 /碳酸鈉
transform 動詞	/tɹænsˈfɔɹm/	變換 /變換, 變形 /變形
bake 動詞	/beɪk/	烤, 烘
vinegar 名詞	/ˈvɪnəɡɚ/	醋
liquid 名詞	/ˈlɪk.wɪd/	液體 /液體, 液態 /液態
oxygen 名詞	/ˈɑksɪd͡ʒən/	氧
twist 動詞	/twɪst/	扭, 搓
subscribe 動詞	/səbˈskɹaɪb/	簽署 /簽署
dioxide 名詞	/daɪˈɑksaɪd/	二氧化物
irreversible 形容詞	/ˌɪr.ɪˈvɝ.sə.bəl/	不可逆

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	發音	釋義
cool down 動詞	/kuːl ˈdaʊn/	冷卻 /冷卻

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	is called · can't be turned · can't be transformed
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物	ash, which can · gas, which can

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 6 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 can't, don't, won't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

長單詞——注意重音位置: irreversible /ˌɪr.ɪˈvɝ.sə.bəl/, reversible /ɹəˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪbəl/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: vinegar /ˈvɪnəɡɚ/, irreversible /ˌɪr.ɪˈvɝ.sə.bəl/, reversible /ɹəˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪbəl/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: melt /mɛlt/, rust /ɹʌst/, freeze /ˈfɹiːz/, react /ɹiːˈækt/, bake /beɪk/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: irreversible /ˌɪr.ɪˈvɝ.sə.bəl/, reversible /ɹəˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪbəl/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 melt, rust, freeze 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: Reversible and Irreversible Changes to Matter - 通過影片學習英語口語

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