Prática de Shadowing: We're trying something new... - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
Criando lição...
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we are launching a whole new channel there have been video ideas
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that i've pitched
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that don't fully belong on veritasium i've been in those pitch meetings i've seen those i've seen
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that happen but that doesn't mean that the videos shouldn't exist and
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that they they aren't saying something very interesting we need another
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way to tell these stories we have veritasium we have a lot of exciting stories
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that we want to tell same veritasium rigor but this time it's about social science.
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It's about how our complex and constantly changing world works.
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So that's what we're doing.
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We're launching a whole new channel called InGenius.
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You can watch the first few minutes here and
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if you like it come to our channel InGenius and you can watch the rest.
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This $40 hunk of metal rewired the modern world it started a revolution
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that transformed China from being one of the poorest countries in
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the world to a global superpower controlling 30 % of all
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manufacturing it's a story that's never been told before how it
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inspires former spy Yuan Gong to create an island of capitalism in his home council with an invention
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that changes the face of communist China spreading its influence across the world and upending the entire global economy.
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But the story didn't start in China.
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It starts with a frustrated American trucker from North Carolina. In 1937,
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24 -year -old Malcolm McClain is driving his truck full of cotton bales from North Carolina up to Hoboken, New Jersey.
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At port, he waits for his truck to be unloaded
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and waits and waits it's painstakingly slow almost a whole day and that's just his one truck
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he figures what if you took the entire back of the truck
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and just put it directly on the ship the whole thing
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would be over in a matter of minutes instead of hours
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so why don't we put
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that whole body on the truck that's my first thought you
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know the problem is truck drivers can't control how ships are loaded
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so while mclean builds a highly successful trucking empire over the next 20 years he can only stand by
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and watch as the cargo issue gets worse this is the
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log from a 1954 cargo ship the ss warrior 194 582 total things on the ship
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that would all have to be loaded and unloaded by hand by gangs of longshoremen.
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It takes so long.
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It means if you're shipping something, you're paying twice as much for your cargo to be stuck at port than actually traveling on a ship.
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And it makes your cargo vulnerable to another problem.
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The New York and New Jersey waterfronts in the 50s are dominated by the Genovese and Gambino Mafia families.
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Corruption, racketeering, and theft are endemic.
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More than $13 million of cargo is estimated to have been stolen just from those ports over a three -year period.
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That's more than $180 million in today's money.
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The upshot is, the process is so expensive that in most cases, selling internationally just isn't worth it.
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So, most consumer products stay local.
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Make locally, sell locally.
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So in 1955, McLean decides to act.
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He's convinced his old idea of detachable truck trailers is the solution.
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So McClain does something drastic.
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He sells his 20 -year -old trucking empire and gambles everything on an ocean shipping company,
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despite the fact that he has zero experience in the field.
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But to turn his idea into reality, he needs someone who can actually build the container of his dreams.
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He hears about 35 -year -old engineer Keith Tantlinger.
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Tantlinger, based out in Spokane, Washington, who has built a transportable metal box and even been tinkering with trying to stack it.
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Tantlinger's reasoning is similar to McLean.
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Rather than waste precious ship space with the truck or the wheels,
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just transport the cargo in the box from the truck to the ship in one seamless move.
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McLean flies Tantlinger down to his headquarters in Alabama
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and immediately gets him working on containers that will fit onto a converted World War II oil tanker that he just bought.
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McLean renames the ship the SS Ideal X, ideal for the ideal form of transportation and X for experimentation.
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It was the SpaceX of the 1950s.
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And in many ways, Malcolm McLean is the Elon Musk of his day.
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Thank you.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “We're trying something new..”. As palavras que mais se repetem: truck, ship, Mclean, cargo, Veritasium. Este vídeo tem 47 frases e 720 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 4:58. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 145 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. Apenas 80% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| cargo substantivo | /ˈkɑɹɡoʊ/ | carga |
| ideal adjetivo | /aɪˈdi(ə)l/ | ideal |
| pitch substantivo | /pɪt͡ʃ/ | arremesso |
| locally advérbio | /ˈləʊkəli/ | localmente |
| container substantivo | /kənˈteɪ.nəɹ/ | recipiente |
| steal verbo | /stiːl/ | roubar, furtar |
| belong verbo | /bɪˈlɒŋ/ | pertencer |
| headquarters substantivo | /ˈhɛdˌk(w)ɔɹ.tɚz/ | quartel-general |
| corruption substantivo | /kəˈɹʌpʃən/ | corrupção |
| cotton substantivo | /ˈkɑt.n̩/ | algodão |
| communist substantivo | /ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪst/ | comunista, marxista |
| trailer substantivo | /ˈtɹeɪlɚ/ | reboque, trailer |
| estimate substantivo | /ˈɛs.tɪ.mət/ | estimativa, cálculo |
| convince verbo | /kənˈvɪns/ | convencer |
| vulnerable adjetivo | /ˈvʌln(ə)ɹəbl̩/ | vulnerável |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | been told · be unloaded · are loaded |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have been · i've pitched · i've been |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 16 contrações e formas reduzidas, como I've, don't, we're. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: corruption /kəˈɹʌpʃən/, invention /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/, experimentation /ɪkˌspɛɹ.ə.mənˈteɪ.ʃən/, upshot /ˈʌpʃɑt/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: capitalism /ˈkæp.ə.təlˌɪzm̩/, experimentation /ɪkˌspɛɹ.ə.mənˈteɪ.ʃən/, painstakingly /ˈpeɪnˌsteɪkɪŋli/, transportable /tɹænsˈpɔɹtəbəl/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: communist /ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪst/, estimate /ˈɛs.tɪ.mət/, theft /θɛft/, convert /kənˈvɝt/, stack /stæk/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: ideal /aɪˈdi(ə)l/, steal /stiːl/, gamble /ˈɡæm.bəl/, bale /beɪl/, transportable /tɹænsˈpɔɹtəbəl/
- /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: headquarters /ˈhɛdˌk(w)ɔɹ.tɚz/, hunk /hʌŋk/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como cargo, ideal, pitch.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.