Prática de Shadowing: What Years of Heartbreak Actually Teach Us - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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It can be easy to feel, as we look back on our lives, that we have been singularly inept in our choices and behaviours.
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Why did we waste so long here?
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Why didn't we see what they were doing there?
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Why didn't we speak up sooner?
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Or hold our nerve?
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In such self -recriminatory moods, it can be more than merely sentimental to remind ourselves of a fundamental fact about relationships
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that we miss when we despair of our conduct they sit in an area of exceptional importance in
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which we are granted astonishingly few chances to practice before having to make vastly consequential decisions imagine
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if we were asked to become great violinists
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and were given all of six lessons to perfect our craft or
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if we were expected to master the javelin after four perfunctory
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throws we'd know the odds were stacked against us we'd have
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compassion for our often miserable performances we'd understand what we were
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up against without us being aware much the same level of
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unpreparedness holds true of relationships even a highly experienced lover might
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have only eight partners before getting married most of us have two
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or three someone might have shared a home with just one
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other person before deciding to place a new human being on the earth.
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None of us has ever been asked to pass an examination in love before going on a date.
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From the other side of failure, we chastise ourselves for how little we've understood.
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We don't appreciate how much there is to understand how infinitely more complicated relationships are than any musical instrument.
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It's entirely to be expected that the sounds we make are frequently terrifying.
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Let's imagine that there are some 30 key lessons to learn about relationships,
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30 things we might have to get the hang of before having any real chance at managing our lives successfully.
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We might begin to summarize these lessons as follows.
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Always speak up when you're feeling undervalued.
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Complain with clarity and kindness not despair or rage.
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Never try to persuade anyone to love you.
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Don't set out to fix anyone's childhood.
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An absence of attraction is fateful, but then attraction isn't enough.
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They should be like a best friend, but this isn't just a friendship.
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Resentment at a mother or father has a very long tail.
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Someone who hates therapy doesn't just hate therapy, they're liable to hate introspection and dialogue too.
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Flee from anyone defensive, never get together with someone just because they are right on paper.
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If something breaks down once, the chances of it ever working a second time are beyond minimal.
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And so on and so forth.
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The challenge is that though we might state these lessons simply enough,
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to get the hang of each one properly requires at least eight months and more usually several years or even decades.
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We need to experience the finer nuances of the issues through summers and winters, through journeys and work crises, in the slow despair of quiet Sunday afternoons.
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We need time, encouragement and the right to fail without tragedy.
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We wouldn't be any less generous after telling a trumpet player to support their notes from the diaphragm.
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In a depressed moment in middle age, we might try to categorise phases of our love lives according to the slow lessons
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that we've taken away from each one of them.
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For example, don't keep making an effort if they're not.
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Caitlin, four and a half years.
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Beware of people who can't articulate their emotions jonathan six months
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don't wait around hoping they'll explain why they acted as they
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did roshin three years don't have children before the bond is
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properly formed way way 20 years we would need to live
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to at least 500 years old to stand any realistic chance
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of picking up our craft instead we're rushed on stage
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and have to work out the right way to hold the bow before a live audience.
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Those who haven't generated disaster and mutiny are luckier than they are talented.
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We aren't miserable because we're stupid, but because we weren't ever trained,
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because we exist in a culture morbidly and mysteriously resistant to emotional education.
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We leave things to chance, out of a feeling that it might be cold or unromantic,
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to apply some the same basic discipline and foresight that we would resort to before operating a lawnmower or floor polisher.
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We teach people to become brain surgeons and pilots, yet leave the roles of partner and parent to intuition.
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A better arranged culture would itemise the key lessons of love for people in their last year of school.
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and then impose a universal intensive training program with some of the rigor of an architecture or accountancy qualification.
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We would think of novels and films, not as entertainment, but as chances to hone the lessons of love we'd learned in an analytical form elsewhere.
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We'd use video games to place us in digitized scenarios before we had to face them in reality.
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We'd ask ourselves for patience and be aware, without humiliation of how blind we necessarily were.
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We've made a mess, no doubt.
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We don't, on top of everything else, need to be surprised that we did so.
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This is a game with at least 30 traps in it, and we began to play long before we'd ever realised that the instruction manual had been tossed aside.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Este vídeo tem 66 frases e 898 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 5:41. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 158 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. Apenas 81% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras menos comuns do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
- lesson /ˈlɛs.ən/ (substantivo) — lição. A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided.
- despair /dɪˈspɛə(ɹ)/ (substantivo) — desespero. Loss of hope; utter hopelessness; complete despondency.
- craft /ˈkɹæft/ (substantivo) — engenhosidade. Ability, skillfulness, especially skill in making plans and carrying them into execution; dexterity in managing affairs, adroitness, practical cunning…
- attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/ (substantivo) — atração. The tendency to attract.
- miserable /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/ (adjetivo) — miserável. In a state of misery: very sad, ill, or poor.
- universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/ (adjetivo) — universal. Of or pertaining to the universe.
- necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ (advérbio) — necessariamente. Inevitably; of necessity.
- rush /ɹʌʃ/ (verbo) — apressar-se. To hurry; to perform a task with great haste, often not properly or without thinking carefully.
- complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/ (adjetivo) — complicado. Difficult or convoluted.
- successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/ (advérbio) — com sucesso. In a successful manner; with success; without failing.
- mood /muːd/ (substantivo) — humor, mau humor. A mental or emotional state, composure.
- architecture /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/ (substantivo) — arquitetura. The art and science of designing and managing the construction of buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated.
- odd /ɑd/ (adjetivo) — estranho, raro. Differing from what is usual, ordinary or expected.
- disaster /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ (substantivo) — desastre. An unexpected natural or man-made catastrophe of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life or sometimes permanent…
- friendship /ˈfɹɛn(d)ʃɪp/ (substantivo) — amizade. The condition of being friends.
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
- speak up /ˌspik ˈʌp/ (verbo) — falar mais alto, falar mais claro/claramente. To talk more loudly or clearly.
- go on /ˈɡoʊˌɒn/ (verbo) — continuar. To continue in extent.
- pick up (verbo) — pegar. To lift; to grasp and raise.
- work out /ˌwɝk ˈaʊt/ (verbo) — calcular. To calculate.
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 32 contrações e formas reduzidas, como we'd, don't, we've. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/, rush /ɹʌʃ/, friendship /ˈfɹɛn(d)ʃɪp/, examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, patience /ˈpeɪ̯.ʃəns/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: miserable /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como lesson, despair, craft.
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | are granted · were asked · were given |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have been · has ever been asked · we've understood |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | Someone who hates · people who can · Those who haven |
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.