ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: What Years of Heartbreak Actually Teach Us

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66 ประโยค
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It can be easy to feel, as we look back on our lives, that we have been singularly inept in our choices and behaviours.
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Why did we waste so long here?
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Why didn't we see what they were doing there?
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Why didn't we speak up sooner?
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Or hold our nerve?
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In such self -recriminatory moods, it can be more than merely sentimental to remind ourselves of a fundamental fact about relationships
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that we miss when we despair of our conduct they sit in an area of exceptional importance in
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which we are granted astonishingly few chances to practice before having to make vastly consequential decisions imagine
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if we were asked to become great violinists
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and were given all of six lessons to perfect our craft or
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if we were expected to master the javelin after four perfunctory
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throws we'd know the odds were stacked against us we'd have
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compassion for our often miserable performances we'd understand what we were
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up against without us being aware much the same level of
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unpreparedness holds true of relationships even a highly experienced lover might
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have only eight partners before getting married most of us have two
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or three someone might have shared a home with just one
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other person before deciding to place a new human being on the earth.
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None of us has ever been asked to pass an examination in love before going on a date.
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From the other side of failure, we chastise ourselves for how little we've understood.
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We don't appreciate how much there is to understand how infinitely more complicated relationships are than any musical instrument.
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It's entirely to be expected that the sounds we make are frequently terrifying.
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Let's imagine that there are some 30 key lessons to learn about relationships,
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30 things we might have to get the hang of before having any real chance at managing our lives successfully.
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We might begin to summarize these lessons as follows.
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Always speak up when you're feeling undervalued.
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Complain with clarity and kindness not despair or rage.
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Never try to persuade anyone to love you.
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Don't set out to fix anyone's childhood.
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An absence of attraction is fateful, but then attraction isn't enough.
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They should be like a best friend, but this isn't just a friendship.
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Resentment at a mother or father has a very long tail.
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Someone who hates therapy doesn't just hate therapy, they're liable to hate introspection and dialogue too.
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Flee from anyone defensive, never get together with someone just because they are right on paper.
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If something breaks down once, the chances of it ever working a second time are beyond minimal.
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And so on and so forth.
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The challenge is that though we might state these lessons simply enough,
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to get the hang of each one properly requires at least eight months and more usually several years or even decades.
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We need to experience the finer nuances of the issues through summers and winters, through journeys and work crises, in the slow despair of quiet Sunday afternoons.
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We need time, encouragement and the right to fail without tragedy.
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We wouldn't be any less generous after telling a trumpet player to support their notes from the diaphragm.
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In a depressed moment in middle age, we might try to categorise phases of our love lives according to the slow lessons
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that we've taken away from each one of them.
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For example, don't keep making an effort if they're not.
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Caitlin, four and a half years.
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Beware of people who can't articulate their emotions jonathan six months
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don't wait around hoping they'll explain why they acted as they
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did roshin three years don't have children before the bond is
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properly formed way way 20 years we would need to live
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to at least 500 years old to stand any realistic chance
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of picking up our craft instead we're rushed on stage
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and have to work out the right way to hold the bow before a live audience.
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Those who haven't generated disaster and mutiny are luckier than they are talented.
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We aren't miserable because we're stupid, but because we weren't ever trained,
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because we exist in a culture morbidly and mysteriously resistant to emotional education.
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We leave things to chance, out of a feeling that it might be cold or unromantic,
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to apply some the same basic discipline and foresight that we would resort to before operating a lawnmower or floor polisher.
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We teach people to become brain surgeons and pilots, yet leave the roles of partner and parent to intuition.
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A better arranged culture would itemise the key lessons of love for people in their last year of school.
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and then impose a universal intensive training program with some of the rigor of an architecture or accountancy qualification.
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We would think of novels and films, not as entertainment, but as chances to hone the lessons of love we'd learned in an analytical form elsewhere.
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We'd use video games to place us in digitized scenarios before we had to face them in reality.
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We'd ask ourselves for patience and be aware, without humiliation of how blind we necessarily were.
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We've made a mess, no doubt.
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We don't, on top of everything else, need to be surprised that we did so.
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This is a game with at least 30 traps in it, and we began to play long before we'd ever realised that the instruction manual had been tossed aside.

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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

วิดีโอนี้มี 66 ประโยค และ 898 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 5:41 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 158 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน มีเพียง 81% ของคำที่อยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงค่อนข้างยาก

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่พบไม่บ่อย 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

  • lesson /ˈlɛs.ən/ (คำนาม) — บทเรียน. A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided.
  • despair /dɪˈspɛə(ɹ)/ (คำนาม) — ความสิ้นหวัง, สิ้นหวัง. Loss of hope; utter hopelessness; complete despondency.
  • universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/ (คำคุณศัพท์) — จักรวาล. Of or pertaining to the universe.
  • necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ (คำกริยาวิเศษณ์) — ต้อง. Inevitably; of necessity.
  • complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/ (คำคุณศัพท์) — ซับซ้อน. Difficult or convoluted.
  • mood /muːd/ (คำนาม) — อารมณ์, ใจ. A mental or emotional state, composure.
  • architecture /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/ (คำนาม) — สถาปัตยกรรม. The art and science of designing and managing the construction of buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated.
  • disaster /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ (คำนาม) — ภัยพิบัติ. An unexpected natural or man-made catastrophe of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life or sometimes permanent…
  • friendship /ˈfɹɛn(d)ʃɪp/ (คำนาม) — มิตรภาพ. The condition of being friends.
  • remind /ɹəˈmaɪnd/ (คำกริยา) — เตือน. To cause one to experience a memory (of someone or something); to bring to the notice or consideration (of a person).
  • resort /ɹɪˈzɔɹt/ (คำนาม) — รีสอร์ท, ที่ตากอากาศ. A place where people go for recreation, especially one with facilities such as lodgings, entertainment, and a relaxing environment.
  • tail /ˈteɪ̯l/ (คำนาม) — หาง. The caudal appendage of an animal that is attached to their posterior and near the anus or cloaca.
  • fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/ (คำคุณศัพท์) — พื้นฐาน, เบื้องต้น. Related to a foundation, base, or basis; serving as a foundation.
  • trap /tɹæp/ (คำนาม) — กับ, กับดัก. A machine or other device designed to catch (and sometimes kill) animals, either by holding them in a container, or by catching hold of part of the body.
  • manual /ˈmæn.j(u)əl/ (คำนาม) — คู่มือ. Synonym of handbook.

กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน

  • pick up (คำกริยา) — ยก, หยิบ. To lift; to grasp and raise.

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 32 ครั้ง เช่น we'd, don't, we've ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

  • เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/, rush /ɹʌʃ/, friendship /ˈfɹɛn(d)ʃɪp/, examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, patience /ˈpeɪ̯.ʃəns/
  • คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: miserable /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

  1. ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
  2. เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
  3. อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง lesson, despair, universal เป็นพิเศษ

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้างในวิดีโอ
Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำare granted · were asked · were given
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบันhave been · has ever been asked · we've understood
Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของSomeone who hates · people who can · Those who haven

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →