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Lição 67 · Etapa 5: Voz passiva, discurso indireto e perguntas

Question tags

Intermédio

Forma e uso

…, isn't it? / …, don't you? — uma pergunta curta no fim para confirmar

1.Forma

Uma question tag é vírgula + verbo auxiliar + pronome no final da frase. Uma frase afirmativa leva uma tag negativa; uma frase negativa leva uma tag afirmativa.

Verbo auxiliarAfirmativa → tag negativaNegativa → tag afirmativa
am / is / areIt's cold today, isn't it?You aren't busy, are you?
do / does (presente simples)You like coffee, don't you?He doesn't eat meat, does he?
did (passado simples)They left early, didn't they?You didn't call, did you?
was / wereIt was fun, wasn't it?They weren't there, were they?
have / has (tempos perfect)You've met Lan, haven't you?She hasn't finished, has she?
willYou'll come, won't you?It won't rain, will it?
can / could / should…Mai can swim, can't she?You can't drive, can you?
  • Se a frase tem um auxiliar (be, have, will, can…), repita esse auxiliar. Se está no presente simples ou no passado simples, sem auxiliar, use do / does / did.
  • A tag sempre usa um pronome: Your parents are teachers, aren't they? / This is your bag, isn't it? (this/that → it; these/those → they).
  • As tags negativas são sempre contraídas: isn't it, don't you, haven't they.
  • Atenção a 's e 'd: She's tired → isn't she; She's finished → hasn't she; You'd better → hadn't you; You'd rather → wouldn't you.

Em português, “né?” ou “não é?” serve para qualquer frase, mas em inglês “isn't it?” não: a tag precisa combinar com o verbo auxiliar e com o sujeito — You like coffee, don't you? Se quiser algo rápido numa conversa informal, right? funciona com qualquer frase, como o nosso “né?”: You like coffee, right?

2.Quando usar

1. Para confirmar algo que você acha que é verdade

  • You're from Da Nang, aren't you?

    Você é de Da Nang, não é?

  • The shop closes at nine, doesn't it?

    A loja fecha às nove, né?

2. Para puxar conversa e convidar o outro a concordar — muitas vezes sobre o tempo, a comida ou algo que os dois estão vendo

  • The weather is lovely today, isn't it?

    O dia está lindo hoje, né?

  • That was a great film, wasn't it?

    Que filme ótimo, não foi?

3. Pedidos educados: frase negativa + tag afirmativa soa modesto e gentil

  • You couldn't lend me your charger, could you?

    Você não teria um carregador para me emprestar, teria?

  • You haven't seen my glasses, have you?

    Você não viu meus óculos por aí, viu?

Responda a uma question tag de acordo com os fatos, e não conforme você concorda ou não com quem falou: You don't eat meat, do you? — No, I don't. (= não como) / Yes, I do. (= como, sim).

3.Casos especiais

CasoExemplo
I am → aren't I (I'm not → am I)I'm late again, aren't I? / I'm not late, am I?
Let's → shall weLet's go for a walk, shall we?
Imperativo → will you / would you / could youPass me the salt, will you? / Don't forget to lock the door, will you?
never, nothing, nobody, hardly, rarely… = negativa → tag afirmativaYour brother's never been abroad, has he? / Nothing went wrong, did it?
everyone, someone, nobody… → theyEveryone's here, aren't they? / Nobody called, did they?
everything, nothing → itEverything is ready, isn't it?
there is / there are → thereThere's a pharmacy near here, isn't there?
used to → didn'tYour grandfather used to be a teacher, didn't he?
have got → haven't / hasn'tYou've got a new phone, haven't you?

Uma frase afirmativa + tag afirmativa (So you're moving to Hanoi, are you?) mostra surpresa ou interesse por uma notícia que você acabou de ouvir — não é um erro.

4.Entonação: subindo ou descendo

A mesma tag tem sentidos diferentes conforme a sua voz desce ↘ ou sobe ↗ no final.

  • Descendo ↘: você tem quase certeza e só espera que o outro concorde.
  • Subindo ↗: você realmente não tem certeza e quer uma resposta.
  • It's a beautiful day, isn't it? ↘

    Que dia lindo, né? (descendo: espera que o outro concorde)

  • You've been to Hue, haven't you? ↗

    Você já foi a Hue, não foi? (subindo: uma pergunta de verdade)

  • You haven't seen my keys, have you? ↗

    Você não viu minhas chaves, viu? (subindo: torcendo para a resposta ser sim)

5.Erros comuns

  • You like coffee, isn't it?

    You like coffee, don't you?

    A tag segue o auxiliar e o sujeito da frase: like → don't, you → you.

  • She didn't come to class, didn't she?

    She didn't come to class, did she?

    Frase negativa → tag afirmativa.

  • Your parents are teachers, isn't it?

    Your parents are teachers, aren't they?

    Sujeito no plural → are … they.

  • She's finished her homework, isn't she?

    She's finished her homework, hasn't she?

    Aqui 's quer dizer has (has finished).

  • Everyone was tired after the hike, wasn't he?

    Everyone was tired after the hike, weren't they?

    everyone → they, que combina com were.

  • Don't forget to lock the door, don't you?

    Don't forget to lock the door, will you?

    Frases no imperativo levam a tag will you.

Exemplos

  • She works at a bank, doesn't she?
  • They went to the beach yesterday, didn't they?
  • These shoes look expensive, don't they?
  • Your sister was working at the hospital last year, wasn't she?
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