पाठ 67 · चरण 5: Passive, कथन और प्रश्न
प्रश्न पुच्छ (question tag)
मध्यमQuestion tags
रूप और प्रयोग
…, isn't it? / …, don't you? — पुष्टि के लिए वाक्य के अंत में छोटा प्रश्न
1.रूप (Form)
Question tag (प्रश्न पुच्छ) वाक्य के अंत में comma + सहायक क्रिया + सर्वनाम होता है। सकारात्मक वाक्य के साथ नकारात्मक tag आता है; नकारात्मक वाक्य के साथ सकारात्मक tag।
| सहायक क्रिया | सकारात्मक → नकारात्मक tag | नकारात्मक → सकारात्मक tag |
|---|---|---|
| am / is / are | It's cold today, isn't it? | You aren't busy, are you? |
| do / does (present simple) | You like coffee, don't you? | He doesn't eat meat, does he? |
| did (past simple) | They left early, didn't they? | You didn't call, did you? |
| was / were | It was fun, wasn't it? | They weren't there, were they? |
| have / has (perfect) | You've met Lan, haven't you? | She hasn't finished, has she? |
| will | You'll come, won't you? | It won't rain, will it? |
| can / could / should… | Mai can swim, can't she? | You can't drive, can you? |
- अगर वाक्य में सहायक क्रिया (be, have, will, can…) है, तो वही सहायक क्रिया दोहराएँ। अगर वाक्य Present simple या Past simple में है और कोई सहायक क्रिया नहीं है, तो do / does / did लगाएँ।
- Tag में हमेशा सर्वनाम आता है: Your parents are teachers, aren't they? / This is your bag, isn't it? (this/that → it; these/those → they)
- नकारात्मक tag हमेशा संक्षिप्त रूप में होते हैं: isn't it, don't you, haven't they।
- 's और 'd पर ध्यान दें: She's tired → isn't she; She's finished → hasn't she; You'd better → hadn't you; You'd rather → wouldn't you.
Standard English में tag को वाक्य की सहायक क्रिया और कर्ता से मेल खाना चाहिए — हिंदी के “है ना?” की तरह “isn't it?” हर वाक्य पर नहीं लगता: You like coffee, don't you? अनौपचारिक बोलचाल में कुछ जल्दी चाहिए, तो right? हर वाक्य के साथ चल जाता है: You like coffee, right?
2.इसका प्रयोग कब करें
1. किसी ऐसी बात की पुष्टि करना जो आपको सच लगती है
You're from Da Nang, aren't you?
आप दा नांग से हैं, है ना?
The shop closes at nine, doesn't it?
दुकान नौ बजे बंद होती है, है ना?
2. बातचीत आगे बढ़ाना और सुनने वाले को सहमत होने का मौका देना — अक्सर मौसम, खाने या किसी ऐसी चीज़ के बारे में जो आप दोनों देख रहे हैं
The weather is lovely today, isn't it?
आज मौसम कितना सुहाना है, है ना?
That was a great film, wasn't it?
बड़ी शानदार फ़िल्म थी, है ना?
3. विनम्र अनुरोध: नकारात्मक वाक्य + सकारात्मक tag संकोच भरा और नरम लगता है
You couldn't lend me your charger, could you?
क्या आप मुझे ज़रा अपना चार्जर दे सकेंगे?
You haven't seen my glasses, have you?
आपने मेरा चश्मा तो कहीं नहीं देखा?
Question tag का जवाब तथ्य के अनुसार दें, इस बात से नहीं कि आप बोलने वाले से सहमत हैं या नहीं: You don't eat meat, do you? — No, I don't. (= मैं नहीं खाता) / Yes, I do. (= मैं खाता हूँ)। हिंदी में हम सहमति जताने के लिए “हाँ, नहीं खाता” कह देते हैं, लेकिन English में यहाँ No ही आएगा।
3.खास स्थितियाँ
| स्थिति | उदाहरण |
|---|---|
| I am → aren't I (I'm not → am I) | I'm late again, aren't I? / I'm not late, am I? |
| Let's → shall we | Let's go for a walk, shall we? |
| Imperative (आदेश वाक्य) → will you / would you / could you | Pass me the salt, will you? / Don't forget to lock the door, will you? |
| never, nothing, nobody, hardly, rarely… = नकारात्मक → सकारात्मक tag | Your brother's never been abroad, has he? / Nothing went wrong, did it? |
| everyone, someone, nobody… → they | Everyone's here, aren't they? / Nobody called, did they? |
| everything, nothing → it | Everything is ready, isn't it? |
| there is / there are → there | There's a pharmacy near here, isn't there? |
| used to → didn't | Your grandfather used to be a teacher, didn't he? |
| have got → haven't / hasn't | You've got a new phone, haven't you? |
सकारात्मक वाक्य + सकारात्मक tag (So you're moving to Hanoi, are you?) अभी-अभी सुनी किसी खबर पर हैरानी या दिलचस्पी दिखाता है — यह गलती नहीं है।
4.सुर (intonation): उतरता या चढ़ता
एक ही tag का मतलब इस पर निर्भर करता है कि अंत में आपकी आवाज़ नीचे ↘ जाती है या ऊपर ↗।
- उतरता सुर ↘: आप लगभग पक्के हैं और बस उम्मीद करते हैं कि सामने वाला सहमत होगा।
- चढ़ता सुर ↗: आपको सच में पक्का नहीं पता और आप जवाब चाहते हैं।
It's a beautiful day, isn't it? ↘
कितना सुंदर दिन है, है ना? (उतरता सुर: सहमति की उम्मीद)
You've been to Hue, haven't you? ↗
आप ह्यू जा चुके हैं, है ना? (चढ़ता सुर: सच्चा प्रश्न)
You haven't seen my keys, have you? ↗
आपने मेरी चाबियाँ तो नहीं देखीं? (चढ़ता सुर: उम्मीद है कि जवाब हाँ होगा)
5.आम गलतियाँ
You like coffee, isn't it?You like coffee, don't you?
Tag वाक्य की सहायक क्रिया और कर्ता के अनुसार होता है: like → don't, you → you।
She didn't come to class, didn't she?She didn't come to class, did she?
नकारात्मक वाक्य → सकारात्मक tag।
Your parents are teachers, isn't it?Your parents are teachers, aren't they?
बहुवचन कर्ता → are … they।
She's finished her homework, isn't she?She's finished her homework, hasn't she?
यहाँ 's का मतलब has है (has finished)।
Everyone was tired after the hike, wasn't he?Everyone was tired after the hike, weren't they?
everyone → they, जिसके साथ were आता है।
Don't forget to lock the door, don't you?Don't forget to lock the door, will you?
आदेश वाक्यों के साथ tag will you आता है।
उदाहरण
- She works at a bank, doesn't she?
- They went to the beach yesterday, didn't they?
- These shoes look expensive, don't they?
- Your sister was working at the hospital last year, wasn't she?
