Практика Shadowing: Air Conditioning System Basics hvacr how does it work - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
1
sponsored by danfoss when we look at a typical refrigeration system we have the compressor
2
the condenser the expansion valve and the evaporator the condenser
3
and the evaporator are both heat exchangers the condenser sits outside the property
4
and the evaporator sits inside the room being cooled the compressor circulates a refrigerant in the pipe work
5
which cycles between all of these components the expansion valve regulates
6
the flow of refrigerant the refrigerant is a specially designed fluid
7
which can change between being a liquid and a gas very easily and that's
8
because it has a very low boiling point for example refrigerant
9
are for 10 a will boil at negative 48 degrees Celsius
10
or negative 55 degrees Fahrenheit although this will change with pressure
11
but if the refrigerant is inside a pipe within a room
12
and the room is at 30 degrees Celsius
13
or 86 degrees Fahrenheit then this will be more than enough to cause it to boil from a liquid into a vapor.
14
By the way if you want some refrigerant charts you can download these for free from our website.
15
I'll link to these in the video description down below.
16
So the The refrigerant is entering the evaporator as a low pressure, low temperature liquid vapor mixture.
17
It flows on the inside of the pipe
18
and at the same time a fan is moving the ambient air of the room over the outside of the pipe.
19
This causes the refrigerant to boil.
20
It will absorb the heat from the air through the pipe wall and then it evaporates.
21
As the refrigerant evaporates, it carries away the heat.
22
It's similar to when we boiled water.
23
The water heats up, it evaporates and turns into steam and carries this heat away.
24
So the air on the outside is entering hot and it's leaving cold.
25
The refrigerant continues to travel through the evaporator, picking up more heat which boils it further until it becomes slightly superheated.
26
This basically means it's now completely gas and doesn't contain any droplets of liquid refrigerant.
27
Liquid damages the compressor, so we want to ensure it can't reach the compressor.
28
The compressor sucks in the refrigerant, which is leaving the evaporator as a low -pressure, low -temperature, slightly superheated vapour.
29
It then squeezes this together into a much smaller space, and so the pressure increases.
30
All the heat which was picked up in the evaporator is now contained in a much smaller volume, so the temperature will increase.
31
This is very important and we will see why in just a moment.
32
But if you've ever pumped up a bicycle tyre, you will notice the pump becomes hotter as it's compressing the air.
33
The refrigerant is then pushed into the condenser where it enters as a high -pressure, high -temperature, superheated vapour.
34
the condenser is located outside
35
and the outside air might be very warm on a summer's
36
day as heat always flows from hot to cold we need to ensure
37
that the refrigerant is hotter than the outside air otherwise the
38
unwanted heat will not be able to leave the refrigerant and leave our system
39
a fan will help to blow ambient air over the condenser to remove this heat
40
so the outside air is entering warm picking up heat
41
and leaving hot as the heat is removed by the air
42
this causes the refrigerant to condense back into a liquid it's a little bit like
43
when steam hits the window on a cold day the window is cold
44
so it condenses the steam from a vapor into a liquid
45
and then this liquid starts to run down the window the
46
refrigerant therefore exits as a high pressure medium temperature saturated liquid
47
and this heads to the expansion valve the expansion valve needs
48
to regulate the amount of refrigerant entering the evaporator to control the superheat
49
if it allows too much refrigerant to flow it can flood the evaporator
50
so the refrigerant doesn't evaporate a liquid reaches the compressor
51
and possibly destroys it but
52
if it lets in too little refrigerant the system won't provide enough cooling and
53
so it operates inefficiently the expansion valve regulates the refrigerant by
54
only allowing it to pass through a small hole this creates
55
a large pressure difference across the valve one side is the high -pressure liquid the other side is almost empty
56
The small hole causes it to almost spray into the evaporator as a part liquid, part vapor mixture.
57
The refrigerant will expand to try and fill the empty space on the other side
58
and this will cause it to drop in pressure as well as temperature.
59
It's a little bit like spraying a deodorant can or a spray paint can.
60
It flows through a small hole causing it to expand as a part vapor
61
and part liquid mixture
62
and then we can feel the can become cooler now the
63
original method to control this was by using a fixed orifice device
64
and you might still find these on the back of your
65
refrigerators the hole within this device was a fixed size
66
so the entire system would simply turn on
67
and off to meet the cooling demand it does work
68
but we can't maintain a stable temperature control
69
because the system is simply turning on
70
and off the next evolution was the thermostatic expansion valve this is still widely used today
71
and it senses the superheat at the outlet through a bulb
72
which is filled with another refrigerant this other refrigerant will expand to close the valve
73
when the superheat is too high and it condenses to open the valve when the superheat is too low.
74
This type of valve needs to be manually calculated and adjusted by a technician.
75
It does work very well but it's prone to mistakes.
76
It also takes a long time to calculate and set up
77
and it is also only adjusted once per service visit which is not ideal.
78
It will also not allow peak performance.
79
However it does work very well and these will continue to be used for many years.
80
And And so the latest evolution is to use electronic expansion valves.
81
These use a controller to measure the exact temperature and pressure
82
and adjust the valve position automatically in real time to ensure optimal performance and maximum system efficiency.
83
Okay that's it for this video but to continue learning about HVAC
84
and refrigeration engineering click on one of the videos on screen now and I'll catch you there for the next lesson.
85
Don't forget to follow us on Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram as well as theengineeringmindset .com
📺 Тот же канал
B21
How ELECTRICITY works - working principle
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Diodes Explained - The basics how diodes work working principle pn junction
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1Centrifugal Pump Basics - How centrifugal pumps work working principle hvacr
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
✨ Рекомендуемое видео
B21
23 предложений
Working Principle of Chiller Plant | Animation | English
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
40 предложений
Inside the Relay Controlled SF6 Circuit Breaker: Preventing Arcs and Ensuring Safety
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
176 предложений
Every Networking Concept Explained | Networking 101 (2026)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
234 предложений
Your House Is Making You Sick (15 Solutions)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
166 предложений
What's The Best Supercharger? Roots vs Centrifugal vs Twin-Screw vs Electric
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C194 предложений
Transient Thermal Analysis in ANSYS AIM
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
254 предложений
REVIT 2023 FOR MEP - SYSTEM PIPING
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
339 предложений
Introduction to HPLC - Lecture 1: HPLC Basics
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
64 предложений
What is SCADA?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
60 предложений
What is SMT (Surface Mount Technology)? PCB Assembly (Part 2)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
50 предложений
0.0.1 How to become a CAE Engineer CAE | What are the ways to become a CAE Engineer as a fresher
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики построен на видео «Air Conditioning System Basics hvacr how does it work». Чаще всего повторяются слова: refrigerant, liquid, valve, heat, evaporator. В этом видео 85 предложений и 1097 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 7:15. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 151 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. Только 77% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| liquid существительное | /ˈlɪk.wɪd/ | жи́дкость |
| valve существительное | /ˈvælv/ | ве́нтиль, кла́пан |
| boil глагол | /bɔɪ(ə)l/ | кипяти́ть, вскипяти́ть |
| pipe существительное | /ˈpaɪp/ | свире́ль, ду́дка |
| vapor существительное | /ˈveɪpɚ/ | пар, газ |
| expand глагол | /ɪkˈspænd/ | растя́гивать, расширя́ть |
| mixture существительное | /ˈmɪkst͡ʃɚ/ | сме́шивание |
| spray существительное | /spɹeɪ/ | водяна́я пыль, бры́зги |
| adjust глагол | /əˈd͡ʒʌst/ | регули́ровать, отрегули́ровать |
| regulate глагол | /ˈɹɛɡ.jə.leɪt/ | регули́ровать, отрегули́ровать |
| evolution существительное | /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ | эволю́ция, разви́тие |
| pump существительное | /pʌmp/ | насо́с, по́мпа |
| calculate глагол | /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/ | вычисля́ть, вы́числить |
| ambient прилагательное | /ˈæm.bi.ənt/ | окружа́ющий |
| stable существительное | /ˈsteɪ.bəl/ | коню́шня, хлев |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| pick up глагол | подбира́ть, подобра́ть | |
| heat up глагол | разогрева́ть, разогре́ть | |
| run down глагол | сбивать | |
| set up глагол | /ˌsɛt ˈʌp/ | устана́вливать, установи́ть |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | being cooled · was picked · is located |
| Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете | refrigerant, which is · heat which was · visit which is |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 9 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например can't, doesn't, I'll. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/, specially /ˈspɛʃəli/, technician /tɛkˈnɪʃən/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/, manually /ˈmænj(u)əliː/, refrigerator /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒ.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/, evaporator /ɪˈvæp.ə.ɹeɪt.ɚ/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- /w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: liquid /ˈlɪk.wɪd/, squeeze /skwiːz/, unwanted /ʌnˈwɒntɪd/
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: liquid /ˈlɪk.wɪd/, valve /ˈvælv/, expand /ɪkˈspænd/, flood /flʌd/, fluid /ˈflu.ɪd/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как liquid, valve, boil.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.