Практика Shadowing: APQP Phase 3 - Process development phase - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
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Welcome to Young Business Professionals.
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I'm Felix and I hope you're all fine.
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Today I'm presenting to you the fourth video of our APQP series.
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In a few minutes I will explain to you the most
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important facts to be considered in APQP phase 3 in process development phase.
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If you are interested in increasing your automotive knowledge please feel free to subscribe to my channel
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and like the video you may also check out our Facebook page through
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which we would like to create a community
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that shall support each other growing everybody's knowledge what is the
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scope of the process development phase in this part of the project the future production process for the product is being developed.
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In addition, this planned equipment is being procured and approved.
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This phase is starting already in parallel to the product development phase
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and may start theoretically from that moment at which the product design can be foreseen roughly.
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It makes sense to think about how to assemble the product already at that time.
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It is useful to start as early as possible in parallel to the product development phase
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and to cooperate as close as possible with the engineering department.
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The procurement kickoff is as well part of that process.
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And parallel product validation tests are being performed as well.
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That's the reason for the overlapping of the process development phase and phase for product and process validation.
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Now let's take a more detailed look on all single working packages of APQP phase 3.
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The following working packages are part of the process design phase.
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Process flow and layout, process FMEA, double check of planned resources,
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control plan and MSA plan, kick off of production equipment and definition of suppliers,
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product and process trainings to be planned, logistic concept definition, pre-serial production,
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and the quality gate phase three.
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Process flow and layout.
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It is useful to know as soon as possible if the process
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that shall be installed into the production plant later on can
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be installed in there without any constraint from the dimensional point of view, and if the flow of the material is reasonable.
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A process flow plan helps to design the process and shows how the process,
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starting from receipt of incoming materials until shipment of the finished goods from the production plan is running.
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This is also an important input for the process FMEA and control plan.
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It's a simple tool that helps outside people to understand the flow of the process.
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PFMEA or Process, Failure, Mode and Effects Analysis.
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As explained already in the previous video, we will just roughly touch this topic in here as the focus shall be on the full phase
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and not on explaining this important activity in detail.
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The purpose of the FMEA is to identify weak points in the process design.
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Based on the process design measures
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that shall increase the security to fulfill product requirements reliably the pfmea is using inputs from the design fmea
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and is identifying potential wheel points in the production process in addition it's providing important outputs
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that will be used in the control plan a few more important facts are
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that the fmea should be started as early as as possible in the project from the very first sketch, if possible.
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It is never closed except the product is going end of life.
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And the PFMEA serves a lot of input for the control plan.
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Double check of planned resources.
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Before to kick off procurement of the planned equipment, it makes sense to double check the originally planned resources.
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The project has moved forward, and eventually things have developed into a different direction than planned originally.
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Often additional or change requirements cause design changes that are impacting potentially the process and its cycle times as well.
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This may also result in change costs, layouts, and capacity.
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Due to that, it makes sense to check the following things.
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The status of the budget, the status of the calculation, a number of operators that is required for the assembly process,
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required space in the production plan, and also the achievability of production capacities, which have been promised in the quotation to the customer originally.
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Core plan and measurement system analysis plan.
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The next working package we are going to take a look onto is the control plan creation and MSA plan.
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Control plan is making sure that the production process for the product is running in a structured way.
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The target of this tool is to prevent failures and to make sure that product requirements will be kept.
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The control plan is receiving its inputs from the process flowchart, the drawing, the process FMEA,
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but as well from experience of customers or the internal team.
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Planning of required test equipments and MSA planning is about to define
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which test equipments are required to check defined characteristics of the product.
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Therefore, it might be useful to create a plan what equipment to be procured.
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In addition, the MSA for these equipments needs to be planned.
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The target of the MSA is to analyze if planned equipments are capable to identify the defined measurement value.
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Kickoff of production equipment and supplier definition.
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After the planning process of all production equipment, including preliminary discussions with suppliers, are closed, quotations of suppliers are being negotiated.
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After that, it may make sense to choose the best supplier through a committee, a group of responsibles in the company,
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to define the suppliers for tools, production equipment, gouges, and what components as well.
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All requirements should have been exchanged and clarified with sub suppliers based on a specification sheet as detailed as possible.
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After making the final decision, orders are being sent to the suppliers.
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They are starting now their own APQP process and are sampling the sub component in case
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you have nominated a board component to the customer.
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Assembly lines or tools will be approved by the process designer of your company once they are ready.
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It is of special importance that all requirements are defined as detailed as possible at this time.
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Sinks that should be ready and clear are drawings for single parts, including special characteristics, specification sheets,
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PPAP requirements for the sub suppliers, and of course also the timing expectation.
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Product and process training plan.
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Over the period of time in which all suppliers are working to produce the production equipment, you got time to define which trainings are required for the team in a production plant.
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That shall be responsible to run the production line in the future.
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It is important that all employees that will be responsible in future are being trained as detailed as possible.
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In order to make sure that no essential part of the training is missing, it makes sense to create a training plan.
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Who needs to be trained, when, and by whom?
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Important trainings might be the following.
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Training of operators with regard to assembly procedures.
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The plant quality team needs to be trained with regard to core requirements and functions of products and special characteristics,
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as well as the production manager.
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Logistic concept and definition.
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Due to the fact that during the time at
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which the production equipment is in preparation is required to supply pre-seal demands of specific part levels to the customer,
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it is is recommended and often mandatory to create a packaging concept.
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This should be agreed in between logistic department of supplier and customer.
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In some cases, the packaging concept of the pre-serial production is differing from the one for serial production,
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as for instance, volumes are lower and sometimes empty goods for empty goods management are not yet available.
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It makes sense to perform packaging trials as early as possible,
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as complex products might be damaged during transport or similar.
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Pre-serial production.
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The start of the pre-serial production is an important milestone in phase 3 of the project.
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Ideally, production equipment should be in the final plan already.
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Often, the equipment is not yet finally approved, as small details need to be changed and adjusted.
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First parts will be produced, checked and supplied.
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Typically, quantities are not yet that high in order to slowly ramp up the production.
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These parts are also used for production validation tests often.
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That will be performed in phase four of the project.
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It is recommended and often the case the project team gives a big support in this part of the phase,
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although some points might be managed already by the future action team.
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Quality gate phase three.
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Once all these activities are done, the project manager has once more the pleasure to present the progress of that process phase
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to the management and top management of the company.
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That may then decide based on the recommendation of the project manager to release APQP phase three
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and to move on with phase four.
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During such a gate review, the project manager is presenting which activities have been performed and if they have been closed in time.
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In case there are still actions unfulfilled, this is the right time and place for the manager to escalate to the top management
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and to ask for special attention and support of the management team for specific working packages.
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In such a case, the management team may of course also decide to not release the phase.
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Anyhow, in case they release the phase, the team is proceeding with the activities of the next one.
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What are important learnings of phase three?
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I listed the following points.
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Please try to provide as much as possible time to your
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suppliers to give them the chance to do a proper job with producing the equipment.
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A result of high quality requires time and resources.
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And make sure you define the requirements for them as best as possible and in time.
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In case orders are placed and requirements for suppliers are clear and they are capable,
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a more relaxing phase of the project starts now until the equipment is getting ready.
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At the end of phase 3 and the transition to phase 4,
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high attention is required as often a lot of final changes have to be implemented under big time pressure.
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The better the team was working in phase one and two.
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The smoother this phase should be running now.
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Well this was my short introduction into the process design phase.
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Thanks to all of you for watching this video until the end.
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I hope you enjoyed it.
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I'm looking forward for your likes and your feedback below the video.
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Please subscribe to the channel to not miss further APQP videos.
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Please feel free to join our Facebook community.
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You will find the link below the video.
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Have a great day.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики уровня C1 построен на видео «APQP Phase 3 - Process development phase». Чаще всего повторяются слова: process, phase, production, equipment, product. В этом видео 134 предложений и 1787 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 13:19. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 134 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. 88% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| supplier существительное | /səˈplaɪə/ | поставщи́к, поставщи́ца |
| validation существительное | /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/ | ратифика́ция, утвержде́ние |
| characteristic существительное | /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/ | характе́рная черта́, отличи́тельная черта́ |
| layout существительное | /ˈleɪ.aʊt/ | расположе́ние, раскла́дка |
| approve глагол | /əˈpɹuːv/ | утвержда́ть, утверди́ть |
| procure глагол | /pɹəˈkjʊɹ/ | достава́ть, добыва́ть |
| quotation существительное | /kwoʊˈteɪʃn̩/ | расце́нка, расце́нивание |
| procurement существительное | /pɹəˈkjʊəɹ.mənt/ | отде́л заку́пок |
| specification существительное | специфика́ция | |
| subscribe глагол | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | подпи́сывать, подписа́ть |
| measurement существительное | /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/ | измере́ние, обме́р |
| anyhow наречие | /ˈɛn.i.haʊ/ | так и́ли ина́че |
| constraint существительное | /kənˈstɹeɪnt/ | ограниче́ние |
| escalate глагол | /ˈɛs.kə.leɪt/ | обостря́ть, углубля́ть |
| foresee глагол | /fɔɹˈsi/ | предви́деть, предвосхища́ть |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Значение |
|---|---|
| check out глагол | проверя́ть, прове́рить |
| move forward глагол | продвига́ть, продви́нуть |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | be considered · being developed · being procured |
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | has moved · have been promised · have nominated |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 4 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например I'm, you're. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, quotation /kwoʊˈteɪʃn̩/, measurement /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/, shipment /ˈʃɪpmənt/, calculation /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn̩/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, ideally /aɪˈdi.ə.li/, cooperate /kəʊˈɒp.ə.ɹeɪt/, automotive /ˌɔtəˈmoʊtɪv/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- /w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: quotation /kwoʊˈteɪʃn̩/, quantity /ˈkwɑn(t)ɪti/
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: approve /əˈpɹuːv/, subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/, analyze /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/, automotive /ˌɔtəˈmoʊtɪv/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как supplier, validation, characteristic.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.