ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: CHOICE Makes Us Better at What We Do | Simon Sinek

กำลังสร้างบทเรียน...
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The best way to understand the infinite game is think of it like, You want to be healthy.
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Right?
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So, one of the things you want to do is lose a certain amount of weight by a certain date.
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great, you do all the things you need to do, you eat right, you exercise, you're doing all the things, and every day you're weighing yourself, sometimes you feel good, sometimes you feel bad, you're watching the metrics.
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On the right day, on the right time, you hit your goal.
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Oh my God, I'm a hero.
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But the problem is you have to keep working out for the rest of your life.
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Right?
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That's a there's a context for it, and if you miss the goal, I think that's even more interesting nothing happens and because the goal was arbitrary.
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The number was arbitrary and the date was arbitrary.
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What's more important is the trend.
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Like, were you trending towards losing weight?
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You're probably going to lose weight.
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You'll hit your goal a few weeks later.
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The trend data becomes more important than the absolute data.
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That's infinite mindset.
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So let's go back to this idea of competitors.
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First of all, the term is wrong.
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You only have competitors in finite games.
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These are rivals.
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and some of them are worthy rivals.
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And a worthy rival is someone who does one or many things better than you.
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that when you hear their name, you get uncomfortable.
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You get angry.
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Right?
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you become competitive.
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mainly because you're insecure.
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Right?
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But if you have an infinite mindset, a worthy rival is the greatest gift you can be given.
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Because when everything is going well, you become blind, which is why innovation starts to decline.
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Right?
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This is why we hate monopolies.
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They're not innovative.
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Nothing's challenging them.
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This is why we like Adam Smith capitalism.
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It's because choice makes us better at what we do.
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And so a worthy rival is an absolute gift Because you say they,
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their strength, has revealed to us our weakness.
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Now, let's not try and beat them.
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Wish them the best of luck.
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There's plenty of business for everybody, right?
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But what we can do is take the thing that we know
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that we can be better because we can see it
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and we can work harder and harder and harder to improve ourselves rather than beat them.
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That's the subtle difference.
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You're not trying to put them out of business or steal their market share.
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That's a finite mindset that at some point, even if you win, whatever that means, you're going to get bitten in the ass
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because you were too obsessed with putting them out of business rather than making yourself better.
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So they're a gift.
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And at some point, they may no longer be a worthy rival
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because you've improved that product or that service to a degree that it's not interesting anymore.
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So worthy rivals are an absolute gift.
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for companies that are playing with an infinite mindset.
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We use it as a verb.
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Like in our company, we don't believe we have any competition, but we know that there's many people in companies who do things better than us.
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And when we're pioneering something or trying to do something or trying to look at something new, we will say to somebody, can somebody go worthy rival this?
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Can somebody go find somebody in the marketplace who's better than this, better at this than we are?
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Because we'll steal from them.
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We'll copy them or we'll evaluate where we can be better.
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I want to find Examples.
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of outperforming me because all it does is push me harder.
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It's the difference between trying to get the-- if you're running in a race, it's the difference between trying to get the guy in front of you to lose versus you running faster.
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Like, It's the difference between trying to trip them and do all the things so that you can win and
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But if your goal is not to win, but to use them as a pacer, that you just become a faster runner.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

วิดีโอนี้มี 64 ประโยค และ 691 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 3:31 ผู้พูดพูดเร็ว ประมาณ 197 คำต่อนาที จึงมีการเชื่อมเสียงและลดเสียงค่อนข้างมาก 89% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงตามได้ง่าย

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์คำอ่านความหมาย
rival คำนาม/ˈɹaɪvəl/คู่แข่ง
infinite คำคุณศัพท์/ˈɪnfɪnɪt/อนันต์, ไม่มีที่สิ้นสุด
arbitrary คำคุณศัพท์/ˈɑː.bɪ.tɹə.ɹi/ดุลยพินิจ
steal คำกริยา/stiːl/ขโมย, ลัก
reveal คำกริยา/ɹɪˈviːl/เปิดเผย
innovation คำนาม/ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/นวัตกรรม
bite คำกริยา/baɪt/กัด
uncomfortable คำคุณศัพท์/ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/ไม่สะดวก
weakness คำนาม/ˈwik.nɪs/ความอ่อนแอ
runner คำนาม/ˈɹʌnɚ/นักวิ่ง
weigh คำกริยา/weɪ/ชั่ง
capitalism คำนาม/ˈkæp.ə.təlˌɪzm̩/(ลัทธิ~)ทุนนิยม, ลัทธินายทุน
pioneer คำนาม/ˌpaɪ.əˈnɪɹ/ผู้บุกเบิก
metric คำคุณศัพท์/ˈmɛt.ɹɪk/เมตริก
monopoly คำนาม/məˈnɑpəli/การผูกขาด

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 18 ครั้ง เช่น you're, we'll, they're ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

  • คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: arbitrary /ˈɑː.bɪ.tɹə.ɹi/, competitor /kəmˈpɛt.ɪ.tɚ/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/, innovative /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

  1. ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
  2. เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
  3. อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง rival, infinite, arbitrary เป็นพิเศษ

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้างในวิดีโอ
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบันhas revealed · you've improved
Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของsomeone who does · blind, which is

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →