Shadowing Practice: Linux in 100 Seconds - Learn English Speaking with Video
Ders oluşturuluyor...
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Linux, an open source operating system that makes it possible for humans to play with computers.
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It was created in 1991 by University of Helsinki student Linus Torvalds.
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His goal was to create a free version of the Minix operating system, which itself was based on Unix.
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Today, it's used everywhere.
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Like the vast majority of web servers, embedded apps like your smart TV, mobile devices running Android, and is by far the best choice for your personal computer,
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with many different distros to choose from, like Debian, Arch, and Fedora, just to name a few.
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Just like Windows or Mac OS, Linux is an operating system that manages a computer's memory and processes, allowing hardware to communicate with software.
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When you fire up a Linux machine, a bootloader will first put the system into memory.
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At its core, we have the kernel, which is like a seed from which the rest of the operating system grows.
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It's divided into multiple smaller subsystems, like a process scheduler, device drivers, and a memory manager.
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They're exposed with the system call interface, which itself is wrapped with the C standard library, which provides an API that user applications can interact with.
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Now beyond the kernel, we have applications that make the OS usable for humans, which are provided primarily via the GNU project, like a shell to interact with the kernel from the command line,
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windowing systems on desktop, developer utilities, and countless other applications.
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To get started, install your favorite Linux distro.
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Open the terminal and notice how we're logged in as the root user on a specific Linux machine.
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Currently, we're in the home directory of the root user, which is shortened to this tilde character.
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Show its full name with the print working directory command.
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Now use change directories with a double period to go to the root of the file system.
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Use the ls command to print all the subdirectories here.
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These are your critical system files.
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Let's go back home with cd tilde.
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Now create a new file with touch, then edit it from the terminal with a tool like vi, vim, nano, or emacs.
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In vim, type i to insert, write your screenplay, hit escape, then colon wq to write it to the file system.
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Now use the cat command to read the file.
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If it's really big, use grep to find all the lines in that file that contain a search term or pattern.
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If we want to see how big that file is, we can enter the disk usage command.
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Every file has an owner and a set of permissions assigned to it.
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We can change the owner with the chown command, or its permissions with chmod.
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Now, if your current user doesn't have proper permissions, you can put superuserdo in front of any command to run it with elevated privileges.
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To install new software on this machine, we can use a package manager like Advanced Package Tool, which will retrieve the code from the cloud and place it in the proper location on your system.
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We just went through a bunch of commands.
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Let's recap everything with history.
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This has been Linux in 100 seconds.
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If you want to see more short videos like this, hit the like button and subscribe.
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Thanks for watching, and I will see you in the next one.
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Bu Ders Hakkında
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Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.