跟讀練習: High Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis made easy. - 通過影片學習英語口語

選擇練習模式

每種模式都會開啟全屏練習室。

27 句
如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。
1
High resolution melting
2
or HRM is a very sensitive method to detect sequence variation
3
in different samples up to a resolution of a single base pair without the need of sequencing.
4
Here you see a wild type of DNA or a PCR product.
5
After mutation you may get a homozygous mutant in
6
which both the alleles are mutated or a heterozygous mutant in which a single allele is mutated.
7
Now you want to check if mutation is there or not.
8
HRM is based upon the principle of DNA dissociation with increase in temperature followed by detection by a fluorescent dye.
9
The DNA denituration is based on the GC content.
10
Higher the GC content, stronger will be the DNA bonds and higher will be the melting temperature to dissociate the two strands.
11
In HRM, the detection is assisted by specific binding of a saturating fluorescent dye to the double-stranded DNA
12
and measuring its fluorescence in real time on increasing the temperature gradually.
13
For HRM, you need to PCR amplify your target gene locus to obtain a specific amplicon.
14
Smaller the size of amplicon, better the results will be.
15
Then you add a saturating fluorescent dye
16
that binds to the dna only in the double stranded form
17
then you proceed for hrm analysis in a real time machine here you gradually increase the temperature
18
and fluorescence is measured simultaneously the plot shows fluorescence in the y-axis and temperature on the x-axis
19
3 different curves are obtained for wild, homozygous and heterozygous mutant.
20
Here you see as homozygous mutant had a GC mutation as seen in the previous slide its TM is higher.
21
So the curve shifts towards the right.
22
Heterozygous mutant on the other hand have a mutation in only one strand.
23
So it has a base mismatch and hence the TM is reduced and the curve shifts towards the left.
24
method is so sensitive that it detects the variation in the melting temperature up to 0.2 degree Celsius.
25
HRM being a simple, economic, rapid and precise method of DNA variant detection, it can be used for mutant identification,
26
SNP genotyping, DNA methylation by bisulfide sequencing, DNA fingerprinting and so on.
27
This video has been made on a special request by Ms. Sahily Russell.

下載應用

流利口語所需的一切

AI 發音評分逐句打分
音標練習掌握每個音
詞彙學習建立你的詞庫
詞彙遊戲邊玩邊學
掃碼
掃碼
Download on theApp StoreGet it onGoogle Play
FOR YOU

推薦影片

The different types of mutations | Biomolecules | MCAT | Khan AcademyC1
2
41 句

The different types of mutations | Biomolecules | MCAT | Khan Academy

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
2014 Three Minute Thesis winning presentation by Emily JohnstonC1
1
42 句

2014 Three Minute Thesis winning presentation by Emily Johnston

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Science in 1 minute: how does ibuprofen work?C1
2
20 句

Science in 1 minute: how does ibuprofen work?

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
The Evolution of Human Skin Colour | BBC Earth ScienceC1
4
34 句

The Evolution of Human Skin Colour | BBC Earth Science

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
How forensic scientists fight crime by analyzing handwritingC1
3
49 句

How forensic scientists fight crime by analyzing handwriting

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
TB - mycobacterium tuberculosis شرح عربيC1
2
116 句

TB - mycobacterium tuberculosis شرح عربي

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Clinical Cuts: B-Cell Activation, Differentiation, & ContractionC1
3
7 句

Clinical Cuts: B-Cell Activation, Differentiation, & Contraction

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepCambridge Exam Prep
What is Nuclear Medicine | Dr. Paulien MoyaertC1
1
28 句

What is Nuclear Medicine | Dr. Paulien Moyaert

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Are GMOs Good or Bad? Genetic Engineering & Our FoodC1
5
96 句

Are GMOs Good or Bad? Genetic Engineering & Our Food

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
HRM: Compensation and Benefits (Chapter 7)C1
4
23 句

HRM: Compensation and Benefits (Chapter 7)

Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
CONTEMPORARY TOPICS 2 UNIT 11 BIOLOGY DNA TESTINGB2
10
77 句

CONTEMPORARY TOPICS 2 UNIT 11 BIOLOGY DNA TESTING

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepCambridge Exam Prep
HomeostasisC1
4
314 句

Homeostasis

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students

本課的詞彙與口語要點

這段影片共有 27 個句子、373 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 2:30。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 149 個詞，很適合跟讀。 只有 66% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞發音釋義
mutant 名詞/ˈmju(t)n̩(t)/突變體 /突變體
strand 名詞/ˈstɹænd/綹 /綹, 一綹頭髮 /一綹頭髮
mutation 名詞/mjuˈteɪʃən/突變 /突變, 變種 /變種
sequence 名詞/ˈsiː.kwəns/序列, 順序 /順序
curve 名詞/kɚv/彎子 /彎子
melt 動詞/mɛlt/融化, 熔化
sensitive 形容詞/ˈsɛn.sɪt.ɪv/敏感
obtain 動詞/əbˈteɪn/獲得 /獲得
gradually 副詞/ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuəli/逐漸 /逐漸, 漸漸 /漸漸
variation 名詞/ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/變化 /變化, 變動 /變動
detect 動詞/dɪˈtɛkt/察覺 /察覺, 發覺 /發覺
axis 名詞/ˈæksɪs/軸 /軸, 軸心 /軸心
assist 動詞/əˈsɪst/幫 /幫, 幫助 /幫助
hence 副詞/ˈhɛns/從這裡 /從這裡, 從這兒 /從這兒
rapid 形容詞/ˈɹæp.ɪd/快, 迅速

需要注意的發音

  • “sh” 和 “zh” 音: mutation /mjuˈteɪʃən/, detection /dɪˈtɛk.ʃən/, variation /ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/, identification /aɪˌdɛn(t)ɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, dissociate /dɪˈsoʊ.ʃi.eɪt/
  • 長單詞——注意重音位置: identification /aɪˌdɛn(t)ɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, simultaneously /ˌsaɪmlˈteɪnɪəsli/, homozygous /ˌhəʊməʊˈzaɪɡəs/, dissociate /dɪˈsoʊ.ʃi.eɪt/, dissociation /dɪˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/

如何用這段影片練習

  1. 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
  2. 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
  3. 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 mutant, strand, mutation 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →