Some 和 any

some 和 any 表示一個沒有確切說出的數量。它們和複數名詞（some eggs）以及不可數名詞（some milk）連用。單數可數名詞用 a/an（an egg）。

💡單純問某物有沒有的一般疑問句，通常用 any：Do you have any brothers or sisters? 但當你主動提供或請求某物時，要改用 some：Would you like some tea?

1. some 用於肯定句

• I bought some vegetables at the market.

  我在市場買了一些蔬菜。

• There's some soup in the pot.

  鍋裡有一些湯。

2. any 用於否定句和大多數疑問句

• I don't have any cash on me.

  我身上沒帶現金。

• Is there any sugar left?

  還有糖嗎？

• Did you take any photos?

  你拍照片了嗎？

3. 主動提供、請求某物，或預期對方回答“是”時，疑問句用 some

• Would you like some cake?

  你要來點蛋糕嗎？

• Could you lend me some money until Friday?

  你能借我點錢嗎？星期五就還你。

4. any 用於肯定句 = “哪個都行”，以及用在 if 後面

• Take any book you like.

  你喜歡哪本書就拿哪本。

• Call me any time.

  隨時給我打電話。

• If you have any problems, let me know.

  如果有任何問題，就告訴我。

由 some- 和 any- 構成的詞，遵循和上面一樣的規則。

• There's somebody at the door.

  門口有人。

• I didn't eat anything this morning.

  我今天早上什麼都沒吃。

• Did you go anywhere last weekend?

  你上週末去哪兒了嗎？

• I'd like to live somewhere quiet.

  我想住在一個安靜的地方。

somebody / anybody / something… 後面的動詞用單數，但再指代那個人時，通常用 they / their。

• Somebody is calling you.

  有人在叫你。（用 is，不用 are）

• Somebody left their umbrella here.

  有人把傘落在這兒了。（不知道對方是男是女時用 their）

• 單數可數名詞 → a/an：I'd like an apple.
• 不說具體多少 → some：I'd like some apples / some juice.
• 泛指一整類事物 → 不用 some：Eggs are good for you. I don't drink coffee.
• not any = no：There isn't any milk. = There's no milk.——另見“No / none / any, nothing / nobody”一課。

• ✗I don't have some money.

  ✓I don't have any money.

  否定句 → 用 any。

• ✗There are any letters for you.

  ✓There are some letters for you.

  肯定句 → 用 some。

• ✗Can I have any water, please?

  ✓Can I have some water, please?

  向別人要東西 → 用 some。

• ✗I'm hungry. I want to eat anything.

  ✓I'm hungry. I want to eat something.

  想吃某樣東西 → 用 something；anything 用在肯定句裡，意思是“隨便什麼都行”。

• ✗I didn't see nobody.

  ✓I didn't see anybody. / I saw nobody.

  標準英語不用雙重否定。

• ✗Somebody have called you.

  ✓Somebody has called you.

  somebody 後面的動詞用單數。